IndicatorName: PPG, official creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt from official creditors includes loans from international organizations (multilateral loans) and loans from governments (bilateral loans). Loans from international organization include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Government loans include loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


Aggregationmethod: Sum

Dataset: International Debt Statistics

IndicatorName: GG, official creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: General government debt from official creditors includes loans from international organizations (multilateral loans) and loans from governments (bilateral loans). Loans from international organization include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Government loans include loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Periodicity: Annual

Source: World Bank, International Debt Statistics.

Topic: Economic Policy & Debt: External debt: Amortization


IndicatorName: OPS, official creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector debt from official creditors includes loans from international organizations (multilateral loans) and loans from governments (bilateral loans). Loans from international organization include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Government loans include loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, official creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector debt from official creditors includes loans from international organizations (multilateral loans) and loans from governments (bilateral loans). Loans from international organization include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Government loans include loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, official creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector debt from official creditors includes loans from international organizations (multilateral loans) and loans from governments (bilateral loans). Loans from international organization include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Government loans include loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: CB, bonds (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank debt in form of bonds. The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, bonds (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt from bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, bonds (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: General government debt from bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, bonds (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector debt from bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, bonds (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector debt from bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, bonds (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector debt from bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: CB, commercial banks (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank bilateral debt includes Central bank debt with commercial banks. The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, commercial banks (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, commercial banks (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: General government commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, commercial banks (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector  commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, commercial banks (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, commercial banks (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PNG, bonds (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Nonguaranteed long-term debt from bonds that are privately placed. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PNG, commercial banks and other creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Nonguaranteed long-term commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: CB, other private creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods. The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, other private creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, other private creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: General government other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, other private creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, other private creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, other private creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Principal repayments on external debt, private guaranteed by public sector (PPG) (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector  long-term debt are aggregated.Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector debt is an external obligation of a public debtor, including the national government, a political subdivision (or an agency of either), and autonomous public bodies. Publicly guaranteed debt is an external obligation of a private debtor that is guaranteed for repayment by a public entity. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: CB, private creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank debt from private creditors. The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, private creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt from private creditors include bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed; commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions; and other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, private creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: General government debt from private creditors include bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed; commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions; and other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, private creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector debt from private creditors include bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed; commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions; and other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, private creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector debt from private creditors include bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed; commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions; and other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, private creditors (AMT, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector debt from private creditors include bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed; commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions; and other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Principal arrears, long-term DOD (current US$)

Longdefinition: Principal in arrears on long-term debt is defined as principal repayment due but not paid, on a cumulative basis. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Topic: Economic Policy & Debt: External debt: Arrears, reschedulings, etc.


IndicatorName: Principal arrears, official creditors (current US$)

Longdefinition: Principal in arrears on long-term debt is defined as principal repayment due but not paid, on a cumulative basis. Debt from official creditors includes loans from international organizations (multilateral loans) and loans from governments (bilateral loans). Loans from international organization include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Government loans include loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Principal arrears, private creditors (current US$)

Longdefinition: Principal in arrears on long-term debt is defined as principal repayment due but not paid, on a cumulative basis. Debt from private creditors include bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed; commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions; and other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Principal forgiven (current US$)

Longdefinition: Principal forgiven is the amount of principal due or in arrears that was written off or forgiven in any given year. It includes debt forgiven within and outside Paris Club agreements, principal forgiven and principal arrears forgiven. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Principal rescheduled (current US$)

Longdefinition: Principal rescheduled is the amount of principal due or in arrears that was rescheduled in any given year. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Principal rescheduled, official (current US$)

Longdefinition: Principal rescheduled is the amount of principal due or in arrears that was rescheduled in any given year. Debt from official creditors includes loans from international organizations (multilateral loans) and loans from governments (bilateral loans). Loans from international organization include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Government loans include loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Principal rescheduled, private (current US$)

Longdefinition: Principal rescheduled is the amount of principal due or in arrears that was rescheduled in any given year. Debt from private creditors include bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed; commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions; and other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Commitments, bilateral creditors (COM, current US$)

Longdefinition: Bilateral commitments are the total amount of long-term loans for which contracts were signed in the year specified. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Topic: Economic Policy & Debt: External debt: Commitments


IndicatorName: Commitments, public and publicly guaranteed (COM, current US$)

Longdefinition: Commitments are the total amount of long-term loans for which contracts were signed in the year specified; data for private nonguaranteed debt are not available. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Commitments, IBRD (COM, current US$)

Longdefinition: Commitments (IBRD) are the sum of new commitments on public and publicly guaranteed loans from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD). Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Commitments, IDA (COM, current US$)

Longdefinition: Commitments (IDA) are the sum of new commitments on public and publicly guaranteed loans from the International Development Association (IDA). Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Commitments, multilateral creditors (COM, current US$)

Longdefinition: Multirateral commitments are the total amount of long-term loans for which contracts were signed in the year specified. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Commitments, official creditors (COM, current US$)

Longdefinition: Commitments are the amount of long-term loans for which contracts were signed in the year specified. Debt from official creditors includes loans from international organizations (multilateral loans) and loans from governments (bilateral loans). Loans from international organization include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Government loans include loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Commitments, private creditors (COM, current US$)

Longdefinition: Commitments are the amount of long-term loans for which contracts were signed in the year specified; data for private nonguaranteed debt are not available. Debt from private creditors include bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed; commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions; and other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


Aggregationmethod: Weighted average

IndicatorName: Currency composition of PPG debt, Deutsche mark (%)

Longdefinition: The percentage of external long-term public and publicly-guaranteed debt contracted in Deutsche marks for the low- and middle-income countries.

Topic: Economic Policy & Debt: External debt: Currency composition


IndicatorName: Currency composition of PPG debt, Euro (%)

Longdefinition: The percentage of external long-term public and publicly-guaranteed debt contracted in Euros for the low- and middle-income countries.


IndicatorName: Currency composition of PPG debt, French franc (%)

Longdefinition: The percentage of external long-term public and publicly-guaranteed debt contracted in French francs for the low- and middle-income countries.


IndicatorName: Currency composition of PPG debt, Japanese yen (%)

Longdefinition: The percentage of external long-term public and publicly-guaranteed debt contracted in Japanese yen for the low- and middle-income countries.


IndicatorName: Currency composition of PPG debt, Multiple currencies (%)

Longdefinition: The percentage of external long-term public and publicly-guaranteed debt contracted in multiple currencies for the low- and middle-income countries.


IndicatorName: Currency composition of PPG debt, all other currencies (%)

Longdefinition: The percentage of external long-term public and publicly-guaranteed debt contracted in all other currencies not specified for the low- and middle-income countries.


IndicatorName: Currency composition of PPG debt, SDR (%)

Longdefinition: The percentage of external long-term public and publicly-guaranteed debt contracted in special drawing rights for the low- and middle-income countries.


IndicatorName: Currency composition of PPG debt, Swiss franc (%)

Longdefinition: The percentage of external long-term public and publicly-guaranteed debt contracted in Swiss francs for the low- and middle-income countries.


IndicatorName: Currency composition of PPG debt, Pound sterling (%)

Longdefinition: The percentage of external long-term public and publicly-guaranteed debt contracted in U.K. pound sterling for the low- and middle-income countries.


IndicatorName: Currency composition of PPG debt, U.S. dollars (%)

Longdefinition: The percentage of external long-term public and publicly-guaranteed debt contracted in U.S. dollars for the low- and middle-income countries.


IndicatorName: Debt forgiveness or reduction (current US$)

Longdefinition: Debt forgiveness or reduction shows the change in debt stock due to debt forgiveness or reduction. It is derived by subtracting debt forgiven and debt stock reduction from debt buyback. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: CB, bilateral (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank bilateral debt includes Central bank debt with bilateral creditors. The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Topic: Economic Policy & Debt: External debt: Disbursements


IndicatorName: PPG, bilateral (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, bilateral (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: General government bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, bilateral (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, bilateral (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector  bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, bilateral (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: CB, bilateral concessional (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank bilateral debt includes Central bank debt with bilateral creditors. The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves.  Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, bilateral concessional (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, bilateral concessional (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: General government bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, bilateral concessional (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, bilateral concessional (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector  bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, bilateral concessional (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Disbursements on external debt, central bank (PPG) (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank long-term debt are aggregated. The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Disbursements on external debt, general government sector (PPG) (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: General government long-term debt are aggregated. Public debt is an external obligation of a public debtor, including the national government, a political subdivision (or an agency of either), and autonomous public bodies. Publicly guaranteed debt is an external obligation of a private debtor that is guaranteed for repayment by a public entity. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Disbursements on external debt, public sector (PPG) (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector long-term debt are aggregated. Public debt is an external obligation of a public debtor, including the national government, a political subdivision (or an agency of either), and autonomous public bodies. Publicly guaranteed debt is an external obligation of a private debtor that is guaranteed for repayment by a public entity. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: IMF purchases (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: IMF purchases are total drawings on the General Resources Account of the IMF during the year specified, excluding drawings in the reserve tranche. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Disbursements on external debt, long-term + IMF (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. This item includes disbursements on long-term debt and IMF purchases. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. IMF purchases are total drawings on the General Resources Account of the IMF during the year specified, excluding drawings in the reserve tranche. To maintain comparability between data on transactions with the IMF and data on long-term debt, use of IMF credit outstanding at the end of year (stock) is converted to dollars at the SDR exchange rate in effect at the end of year. Purchases are converted at the average SDR exchange rate for the year in which transactions take place. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Disbursements on external debt, long-term (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Disbursements on long-term debt are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Disbursements on external debt, other public sector (PPG) (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector long-term debt are aggregated. Public debt is an external obligation of a public debtor, including the national government, a political subdivision (or an agency of either), and autonomous public bodies. Publicly guaranteed debt is an external obligation of a private debtor that is guaranteed for repayment by a public entity. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Disbursements on external debt, private nonguaranteed (PNG) (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private nonguaranteed external debt is an external obligation of a private debtor that is not guaranteed for repayment by a public entity. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Disbursements on external debt, public and publicly guaranteed (PPG) (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed long-term debt are aggregated. Public debt is an external obligation of a public debtor, including the national government, a political subdivision (or an agency of either), and autonomous public bodies. Publicly guaranteed debt is an external obligation of a private debtor that is guaranteed for repayment by a public entity. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: IDA grants (current US$)

Longdefinition: IDA grants are net disbursements of grants from the International Development Association (IDA). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Regional allocations are included in aggregate data.

Topic: Economic Policy & Debt: Official development assistance


IndicatorName: PPG, IBRD (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt outstanding from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) is nonconcessional. Nonconcessional debt excludes loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, IDA (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt outstanding from the International Development Association (IDA) is concessional. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: CB, multilateral (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Shortdefinition: Central bank multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments.The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, multilateral (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, multilateral (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: General government multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, multilateral (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, multilateral (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector  multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, multilateral (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: CB, multilateral concessional (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Shortdefinition: Central bank multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments.The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, multilateral concessional (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, multilateral concessional (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: General goverment multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Shortdefinition: General government multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, multilateral concessional (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, multilateral concessional (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, multilateral concessional (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: CB, official creditors (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank debt from official creditors includes loans from international organizations (multilateral loans) and loans from governments (bilateral loans). Loans from international organization include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, official creditors (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt from official creditors includes loans from international organizations (multilateral loans) and loans from governments (bilateral loans). Loans from international organization include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Government loans include loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, official creditors (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: General government debt from official creditors includes loans from international organizations (multilateral loans) and loans from governments (bilateral loans). Loans from international organization include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Government loans include loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, official creditors (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector debt from official creditors includes loans from international organizations (multilateral loans) and loans from governments (bilateral loans). Loans from international organization include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Government loans include loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, official creditors (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector  debt from official creditors includes loans from international organizations (multilateral loans) and loans from governments (bilateral loans). Loans from international organization include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Government loans include loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, official creditors (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector debt from official creditors includes loans from international organizations (multilateral loans) and loans from governments (bilateral loans). Loans from international organization include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Government loans include loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: CB, bonds (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank debt in form of bonds. The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, bonds (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt from bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, bonds (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: General government debt from bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, bonds (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector debt from bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, bonds (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector debt from bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, bonds (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector debt from bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: CB, commercial banks (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank bilateral debt includes Central bank debt with commercial banks. The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, commercial banks (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, commercial banks (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: General government commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, commercial banks (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, commercial banks (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, commercial banks (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PNG, bonds (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Nonguaranteed long-term debt from bonds that are privately placed. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PNG, commercial banks and other creditors (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Nonguaranteed long-term commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: CB, other private creditors (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods. The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, other private creditors (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, other private creditors (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: General government other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, other private creditors (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, other private creditors (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, other private creditors (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Disbursements on external debt, private guaranteed by public sector (PPG) (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector long-term debt are aggregated. Public debt is an external obligation of a public debtor, including the national government, a political subdivision (or an agency of either), and autonomous public bodies. Publicly guaranteed debt is an external obligation of a private debtor that is guaranteed for repayment by a public entity. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: CB, private creditors (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank debt from private creditors.The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, private creditors (DIS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt from private creditors include bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed; commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions; and other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, private creditors (DIS, current US$)

Shortdefinition: General government other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, private creditors (DIS, current US$)

Shortdefinition: Other public sector other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, private creditors (DIS, current US$)

Shortdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, private creditors (DIS, current US$)

Shortdefinition: Public sector other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Disbursements are drawings by the borrower on loan commitments during the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: External debt stocks, concessional (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Concessional external debt conveys information about the borrower's receipt of aid from official lenders at concessional terms as defined by the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the OECD. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Loans from major regional development banks--African Development Bank, Asian Development Bank, and the Inter-American Development Bank--and from the World Bank are classified as concessional according to each institution's classification and not according to the DAC definition, as was the practice in earlier reports. Long-term debt outstanding and disbursed is the total outstanding long-term debt at year end. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Topic: Economic Policy & Debt: External debt: Debt outstanding


IndicatorName: Concessional debt (% of total external debt)

Longdefinition: Concessional debt to total external debt stocks. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more.

Topic: Economic Policy & Debt: External debt: Debt ratios & other items


IndicatorName: CB, bilateral (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank bilateral debt includes Central bank debt with bilateral creditors. The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, bilateral (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, bilateral (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: General Government bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, bilateral (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other Public Sector bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, bilateral (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by public sector bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, bilateral (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector  bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: CB, bilateral concessional (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank bilateral debt includes Central bank debt with bilateral creditors. The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, bilateral concessional (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, bilateral concessional (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: General government bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, bilateral concessional (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, bilateral concessional (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by Public Sector  bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, bilateral concessional (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid by the borrower in currency, goods, or services in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: External debt stocks, central bank (PPG) (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central Bank debt position at end of the reference period.  The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves.Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Shortdefinition: Central Bank debt position at end of the reference period.  The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Total external debt is debt owed to nonresidents repayable in currency, goods, or services. Total external debt is the sum of public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term debt, use of IMF credit, and short-term debt. Short-term debt includes all debt having an original maturity of one year or less and interest in arrears on long-term debt. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Shortdefinition: Total external debt is debt owed to nonresidents repayable in currency, goods, or services. It is the sum of public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term debt, short-term debt, and use of IMF credit. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Total change in external debt stocks (current US$)

Longdefinition: Total change in debt stocks shows the variation in debt stock between two consecutive years. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


Generalcomments: The denominator for this indicator in previous versions of Global Development Finance included workers' remittances. Workers' remittances are no longer included.

IndicatorName: External debt stocks (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)

Longdefinition: Total external debt stocks to exports of goods, services and primary income.


IndicatorName: External debt stocks (% of GNI)

Longdefinition: Total external debt stocks to gross national income. Total external debt is debt owed to nonresidents repayable in currency, goods, or services. Total external debt is the sum of public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term debt, use of IMF credit, and short-term debt. Short-term debt includes all debt having an original maturity of one year or less and interest in arrears on long-term debt. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad.


IndicatorName: Total external debt per capita (current US$)


IndicatorName: External debt stocks, general government sector (PPG) (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: General Government Sector comprises long-term external obligations of public debtors, including the national government of all levels, and political subdivisions (or an agency of either).   Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: External debt stocks, public sector (PPG) (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector debt comprises long-term external obligations of public debtors, including the national government of all levels, political subdivisions (or an agency of either), autonomous public bodies such as Public Corporations, State Owned Enterprises, Development Banks and Other Mixed Enterprises. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Use of IMF credit (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Use of IMF Credit: Data related to the operations of the IMF are provided by the IMF Treasurer’s Department. They are converted from special drawing rights into dollars using end-of-period exchange rates for stocks and average-over-the-period exchange rates for flows. IMF trust fund operations under the Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility, Extended Fund Facility, Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility, and Structural Adjustment Facility (Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility in 1999) are presented together with all of the IMF’s special facilities (buffer stock, supplemental reserve, compensatory and contingency facilities, oil facilities, and other facilities). SDR allocations are also included in this category. According to the BPM6, SDR allocations are recorded as the incurrence of a debt liability of the member receiving them (because of a requirement to repay the allocation in certain circumstances, and also because interest accrues). This debt item is introduced for the first time this year with historical data starting in 1999.

Shortdefinition: Use of IMF credit denotes members’ drawings on the IMF other than amounts drawn against the country’s reserve tranche position. Use of IMF credit includes purchases and drawings under Stand-By, Extended, Structural Adjustment, Enhanced Structural Adjustment, and Systemic Transformation Facility Arrangements as well as Trust Fund loans. SDR allocations are also included in this category.


IndicatorName: External debt stocks, long-term (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Long-term debt is debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year. It has three components: public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed debt. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: External debt stocks, other public sector (PPG) (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other Public Sector debt comprises long-term external obligations of public debtors, excluding general government. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: External debt stocks, private nonguaranteed (PNG) (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private nonguaranteed external debt comprises long-term external obligations of private debtors that are not guaranteed for repayment by a public entity. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: External debt stocks, public and publicly guaranteed (PPG) (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt comprises long-term external obligations of public debtors, including the national government,  Public Corporations, State Owned Enterprises, Development Banks and Other Mixed Enterprises, political subdivisions (or an agency of either), autonomous public bodies, and external obligations of private debtors that are guaranteed for repayment by a public entity. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Use of IMF credit, SDR allocations (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: SDR allocations are also included in this category. According to the BPM6, SDR allocations are recorded as the incurrence of a debt liability of the member receiving them (because of a requirement to repay the allocation in certain circumstances, and also because interest accrues). This debt item is introduced for the first time this year with historical data starting in 1999.


IndicatorName: External debt stocks, short-term (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Short-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original maturity of one year or less. Available data permit no distinction between public and private nonguaranteed short-term debt. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Short-term debt (% of total external debt)

Longdefinition: Short-term debt includes all debt having an original maturity of one year or less and interest in arrears on long-term debt. Total external debt is debt owed to nonresidents repayable in currency, goods, or services. Total external debt is the sum of public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term debt, use of IMF credit, and short-term debt.


Generalcomments: The aggregate figure for all developing countries is sourced from OECD and includes all OECD countries and regions.

IndicatorName: Debt forgiveness grants (current US$)

Longdefinition: Debt forgiveness grants data cover both debt cancelled by agreement between debtor and creditor and a reduction in the net present value of non-ODA debt achieved by concessional rescheduling or refinancing. The  data are on a disbursement basis and cover flows from all bilateral and multilateral donors. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Source: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.


IndicatorName: PPG, IBRD (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt outstanding from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) is nonconcessional. Nonconcessional debt excludes loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, IDA (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt outstanding from the International Development Association (IDA) is concessional. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: CB, multilateral (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments.The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, multilateral (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, multilateral (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: General government multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, multilateral (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, multilateral (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by public sector multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, multilateral (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector multilateral creditors are international financial institutions such as the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies whose lending is administered on a multilateral basis. Funds administered by an international financial organization on behalf of a single donor government constitute bilateral loans (or grants). For lending by a number of multilateral creditors, the data presented in this publication are taken from the creditors’ records. Such creditors include the African Development Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the IDB, IBRD, and IDA. (IBRD and IDA are institutions of the World Bank.) Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)

Longdefinition: Multilateral debt to total external debt stocks.


IndicatorName: CB, multilateral concessional (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Central bank multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. The central bank is the financial institution (or institutions) that exercises control over key aspects of the financial system. The monetary authority, normally the agency that issues currency and holds the country’s international reserves. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, multilateral concessional (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GG, multilateral concessional (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: General government  multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: OPS, multilateral concessional (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Other public sector multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PRVG, multilateral concessional (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private sector guaranteed by public sector multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PS, multilateral concessional (DOD, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public sector guaranteed multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Data are in current U.S. dollars.