IndicatorName: Family planning messages in print (% of women): Q2


IndicatorName: Family planning messages in print (% of women): Q3

License_Type: Open

Longdefinition: Family planning messages in print: Percentage of all women who have received a message about family planning from printed media in the last few months prior to the interview.

Periodicity: Annual

Source: Household Surveys (DHS, MICS)

Topic: Quintile: Health


IndicatorName: Family planning messages in print (% of women): Q4


IndicatorName: Family planning messages in print (% of women): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Fertility planning status (wanted no more) (% of births): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Fertility planning status: Percentage of births in the five years preceding the survey which are planned (wanted then), mistimed (wanted later), and unplanned (wanted no more).


IndicatorName: Fertility planning status (wanted no more) (% of births): Q2


IndicatorName: Fertility planning status (wanted no more) (% of births): Q3


IndicatorName: Fertility planning status (wanted no more) (% of births): Q4


IndicatorName: Fertility planning status (wanted no more) (% of births): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Fertility planning status (wanted then) (% of births): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Fertility planning status (wanted then) (% of births): Q2


IndicatorName: Fertility planning status (wanted then) (% of births): Q3


IndicatorName: Fertility planning status (wanted then) (% of births): Q4


IndicatorName: Fertility planning status (wanted then) (% of births): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: People using at least basic drinking water services (% of population): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: The percentage of people using at least basic water services.  This indicator encompasses both people using basic water services as well as those using safely managed water services.  Basic drinking water services is defined as drinking water from an improved source, provided collection time is not more than 30 minutes for a round trip.  Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.

Source: WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).


IndicatorName: People using at least basic drinking water services (% of population): Q2


IndicatorName: People using at least basic drinking water services (% of population): Q3


IndicatorName: People using at least basic drinking water services (% of population): Q4


IndicatorName: People using at least basic drinking water services (% of population): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: People using at least basic drinking water services, rural (% of rural population): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: People using at least basic drinking water services, rural (% of rural population): Q2


IndicatorName: People using at least basic drinking water services, rural (% of rural population): Q3


IndicatorName: People using at least basic drinking water services, rural (% of rural population): Q4


IndicatorName: People using at least basic drinking water services, rural (% of rural population): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: People using at least basic drinking water services, urban (% of urban population): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: People using at least basic drinking water services, urban (% of urban population): Q2


IndicatorName: People using at least basic drinking water services, urban (% of urban population): Q3


IndicatorName: People using at least basic drinking water services, urban (% of urban population): Q4


IndicatorName: People using at least basic drinking water services, urban (% of urban population): Q5 (highest)


Generalcomments: Data disaggregated by wealth quintile provide insights into health differentials by socioeconomic status and allow problems particular to the poor, such as unequal access to health care to be identified. The table shows the estimates for the poorest and richest quintiles only; the full set of estimates for up to 70 indicators is available at http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/healthnutrition-population-statistics. The estimates in the table are based on household survey data, which may refer to a period preceding the survey date or use a definition or methodology different from the estimates in the other tables. Thus the estimates may differ, and caution should be exercised in using the data.

IndicatorName: Vaccinations (all vaccinations) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Vaccinations: Percentage of children 12-23 months who have received specific vaccines by the time of the survey (according to the vaccination card or the mother's report). Children with all vaccinations refer children who have received BCG, measles, and three doses each of DPT and polio vaccine (excluding polio 0). Some MICS surveys refer children in different age groups (e.g. 18-29 months, or 15-26 months).


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (all vaccinations) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q2


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (all vaccinations) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q3


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (all vaccinations) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q4


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (all vaccinations) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (BCG) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (BCG) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q2


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (BCG) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q3


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (BCG) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q4


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (BCG) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (DPT 3) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (DPT 3) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q2


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (DPT 3) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q3


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (DPT 3) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q4


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (DPT 3) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (Measles) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (Measles) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q2


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (Measles) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q3


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (Measles) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q4


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (Measles) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (no vaccinations) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (no vaccinations) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q2


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (no vaccinations) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q3


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (no vaccinations) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q4


IndicatorName: Vaccinations (no vaccinations) (% of children ages 12-23 months): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by children (any mosquito net) (% of children under 5): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Mosquito net use by children: Percentage of children under age five years who slept under any mosquito net (treated or untreated), and an insecticide-treated net (ITN) the night before the survey.


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by children (any mosquito net) (% of children under 5): Q2


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by children (any mosquito net) (% of children under 5): Q3


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by children (any mosquito net) (% of children under 5): Q4


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by children (any mosquito net) (% of children under 5): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Household possession of mosquito nets (any type of mosquito net) (% of households): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Household possession of mosquito nets: Percentage of households with at least one any type of mosquito net (treated or untreated), and insecticide-treated net (ITN).


IndicatorName: Household possession of mosquito nets (any type of mosquito net) (% of households): Q2


IndicatorName: Household possession of mosquito nets (any type of mosquito net) (% of households): Q3


IndicatorName: Household possession of mosquito nets (any type of mosquito net) (% of households): Q4


IndicatorName: Household possession of mosquito nets (any type of mosquito net) (% of households): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by pregnant women (any mosquito net) (% of pregnant women): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Mosquito net use by pregnant women: Percentage of pregnant women who slept under any mosquito net (treated or untreated), and an insecticide-treated net (ITN) the night before the survey.


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by pregnant women (any mosquito net) (% of pregnant women): Q2


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by pregnant women (any mosquito net) (% of pregnant women): Q3


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by pregnant women (any mosquito net) (% of pregnant women): Q4


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by pregnant women (any mosquito net) (% of pregnant women): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by children (insecticide-treated net) (% of children under 5): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by children (insecticide-treated net) (% of children under 5): Q2


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by children (insecticide-treated net) (% of children under 5): Q3


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by children (insecticide-treated net) (% of children under 5): Q4


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by children (insecticide-treated net) (% of children under 5): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Household possession of mosquito nets (insecticide-treated net) (% of households): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Household possession of mosquito nets (insecticide-treated net) (% of households): Q2


IndicatorName: Household possession of mosquito nets (insecticide-treated net) (% of households): Q3


IndicatorName: Household possession of mosquito nets (insecticide-treated net) (% of households): Q4


IndicatorName: Household possession of mosquito nets (insecticide-treated net) (% of households): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by pregnant women (insecticide-treated net) (% of pregnant women): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by pregnant women (insecticide-treated net) (% of pregnant women): Q2


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by pregnant women (insecticide-treated net) (% of pregnant women): Q3


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by pregnant women (insecticide-treated net) (% of pregnant women): Q4


IndicatorName: Mosquito net use by pregnant women (insecticide-treated net) (% of pregnant women): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Antimalarial drug use by pregnant women (SP/Fansidar two or more doses) (% of women with a birth): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Anti-malarial drug use by pregnant women: Percentage of women with a live birth in the two years preceding the survey who during the pregnancy took any antimalarial drug for prevention, and who took SP/Fansidar two or more doses.


IndicatorName: Antimalarial drug use by pregnant women (SP/Fansidar two or more doses) (% of women with a birth): Q2


IndicatorName: Antimalarial drug use by pregnant women (SP/Fansidar two or more doses) (% of women with a birth): Q3


IndicatorName: Antimalarial drug use by pregnant women (SP/Fansidar two or more doses) (% of women with a birth): Q4


IndicatorName: Antimalarial drug use by pregnant women (SP/Fansidar two or more doses) (% of women with a birth): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Treatment of fever (% of children under 5 with fever): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Treatment of fever: Percentage of children under age five years with fever in the two weeks preceding the survey who took antimalarial drugs.


IndicatorName: Treatment of fever (% of children under 5 with fever): Q2


IndicatorName: Treatment of fever (% of children under 5 with fever): Q3


IndicatorName: Treatment of fever (% of children under 5 with fever): Q4


IndicatorName: Treatment of fever (% of children under 5 with fever): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Smoking (% of women): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Smoking: Percentage of all women who smoke cigarettes, pipe or other tobacco.


IndicatorName: Smoking (% of women): Q2


IndicatorName: Smoking (% of women): Q3


IndicatorName: Smoking (% of women): Q4


IndicatorName: Smoking (% of women): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Components of antenatal care (received iron tablets or syrup) (% of women with a birth): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Components of antenatal care: Percentage of women with a live birth in the three years preceding the survey who received iron tablets or syrup during pregnancy before the most recent birth.


IndicatorName: Components of antenatal care (received iron tablets or syrup) (% of women with a birth): Q2


IndicatorName: Components of antenatal care (received iron tablets or syrup) (% of women with a birth): Q3


IndicatorName: Components of antenatal care (received iron tablets or syrup) (% of women with a birth): Q4


IndicatorName: Components of antenatal care (received iron tablets or syrup) (% of women with a birth): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Antenatal care (any skilled personnel) (% of women with a birth): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Antenatal care: Percentage of women with one or more live births in the three (one, two) years preceding the survey who have received at least one antenatal care during pregnancy before the most recent birth from any skilled personnel and from a doctor. If the respondent mentioned more than one provider, only the most qualified provider is considered. The DHS surveys refer births in the three years preceding the survey, the MICS2 surveys refer births in the one year preceding the survey, and the MICS3 surveys refer births in the two years preceding the survey.


IndicatorName: Antenatal care (any skilled personnel) (% of women with a birth): Q2


IndicatorName: Antenatal care (any skilled personnel) (% of women with a birth): Q3


IndicatorName: Antenatal care (any skilled personnel) (% of women with a birth): Q4


IndicatorName: Antenatal care (any skilled personnel) (% of women with a birth): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Antenatal care (doctor) (% of women with a birth): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Antenatal care (doctor) (% of women with a birth): Q2


IndicatorName: Antenatal care (doctor) (% of women with a birth): Q3


IndicatorName: Antenatal care (doctor) (% of women with a birth): Q4


IndicatorName: Antenatal care (doctor) (% of women with a birth): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Treatment of acute respiratory infection (ARI) (% of children under 5 taken to a health provider): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Treatment of acute respiratory infection (ARI): Percentage of children under age five years with acute respiratory infection (ARI) in the two weeks preceding the survey who were taken to a health facility.


IndicatorName: Treatment of acute respiratory infection (ARI) (% of children under 5 taken to a health provider): Q2


IndicatorName: Treatment of acute respiratory infection (ARI) (% of children under 5 taken to a health provider): Q3


IndicatorName: Treatment of acute respiratory infection (ARI) (% of children under 5 taken to a health provider): Q4


IndicatorName: Treatment of acute respiratory infection (ARI) (% of children under 5 taken to a health provider): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Prevalence of acute respiratory infection (ARI) (% of children under 5): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Prevalence of acute respiratory infection (ARI): Percentage of children under age five years who were ill with a cough accompanied with rapid breathing in the two weeks preceding the survey.


IndicatorName: Prevalence of acute respiratory infection (ARI) (% of children under 5): Q2


IndicatorName: Prevalence of acute respiratory infection (ARI) (% of children under 5): Q3


IndicatorName: Prevalence of acute respiratory infection (ARI) (% of children under 5): Q4


IndicatorName: Prevalence of acute respiratory infection (ARI) (% of children under 5): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: People using at least basic sanitation services (% of population): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: The percentage of people using at least basic sanitation services, that is, improved sanitation facilities that are not shared with other households.  This indicator encompasses both people using basic sanitation services as well as those using safely managed sanitation services.   Improved sanitation facilities include flush/pour flush to piped sewer systems, septic tanks or pit latrines; ventilated improved pit latrines, compositing toilets or pit latrines with slabs.


IndicatorName: People using at least basic sanitation services (% of population): Q2


IndicatorName: People using at least basic sanitation services (% of population): Q3


IndicatorName: People using at least basic sanitation services (% of population): Q4


IndicatorName: People using at least basic sanitation services (% of population): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: People using at least basic sanitation services, rural (% of rural population): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: People using at least basic sanitation services, rural (% of rural population): Q2


IndicatorName: People using at least basic sanitation services, rural (% of rural population): Q3


IndicatorName: People using at least basic sanitation services, rural (% of rural population): Q4


IndicatorName: People using at least basic sanitation services, rural (% of rural population): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: People using at least basic sanitation services, urban (% of urban population): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: People using at least basic sanitation services, urban (% of urban population): Q2


IndicatorName: People using at least basic sanitation services, urban (% of urban population): Q3


IndicatorName: People using at least basic sanitation services, urban (% of urban population): Q4


IndicatorName: People using at least basic sanitation services, urban (% of urban population): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Breastfeeding (% of children under 6 months): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Breastfeeding: The percentage of children under age 6 months who were breastfed six or more times in the 24 hours preceding the interview.


IndicatorName: Breastfeeding (% of children under 6 months): Q2


IndicatorName: Breastfeeding (% of children under 6 months): Q3


IndicatorName: Breastfeeding (% of children under 6 months): Q4


IndicatorName: Breastfeeding (% of children under 6 months): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Assistance during delivery (any skilled personnel) (% of births): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Assistance during delivery (Assisted births): Percentage of live births in the three (one, two) years preceding the survey attended by any skilled personnel and by a doctor.  The DHS surveys refer births in the three years preceding the survey, the MICS2 surveys refer births in the one year preceding the survey, and the MICS3 surveys refer births in the two years preceding the survey.


IndicatorName: Assistance during delivery (any skilled personnel) (% of births): Q2


IndicatorName: Assistance during delivery (any skilled personnel) (% of births): Q3


IndicatorName: Assistance during delivery (any skilled personnel) (% of births): Q4


IndicatorName: Assistance during delivery (any skilled personnel) (% of births): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Place of delivery (births at health facility) (% of births): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Place of delivery (Births at health facility): Percentage of live births in the three years preceding the survey which took place at health facility.


IndicatorName: Place of delivery (births at health facility) (% of births): Q2


IndicatorName: Place of delivery (births at health facility) (% of births): Q3


IndicatorName: Place of delivery (births at health facility) (% of births): Q4


IndicatorName: Place of delivery (births at health facility) (% of births): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Assistance during delivery (doctor) (% of births): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Assistance during delivery (doctor) (% of births): Q2


IndicatorName: Assistance during delivery (doctor) (% of births): Q3


IndicatorName: Assistance during delivery (doctor) (% of births): Q4


IndicatorName: Assistance during delivery (doctor) (% of births): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Prevalence of diarrhea (% of children under 5): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Prevalence of diarrhea: Percentage of children under age five years who had diarrhea in the two weeks preceding the survey.


IndicatorName: Prevalence of diarrhea (% of children under 5): Q2


IndicatorName: Prevalence of diarrhea (% of children under 5): Q3


IndicatorName: Prevalence of diarrhea (% of children under 5): Q4


IndicatorName: Prevalence of diarrhea (% of children under 5): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Prevalence of children with fever (% of children under 5): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Prevalence of children with fever: Percentage of children under age five years with fever in the two weeks preceding the survey.


IndicatorName: Prevalence of children with fever (% of children under 5): Q2


IndicatorName: Prevalence of children with fever (% of children under 5): Q3


IndicatorName: Prevalence of children with fever (% of children under 5): Q4


IndicatorName: Prevalence of children with fever (% of children under 5): Q5 (highest)


Developmentrelevance: Hygiene is closely correlated with human health.  Target 6.2 of the Sustainable Development Goals recognizes that access to facilities allowing good hygiene and sanitation should be universal, and especially important to women and girls, and those in vulnerable situations.   Of the range of hygiene behaviors considered important for health, hand washing with soap and water is a top priority in all settings, and is considered one of the most cost-effective interventions to prevent diarrheal diseases. The availability of a basic handwashing facility is a prerequisite for basic hygiene facilities on premises,  and is a useful proxy for hygienic behavior.

IndicatorName: People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water (% of population): Q1 (lowest)

Limitationsandexceptions: Presence of a handwashing station with soap and water does not guarantee that household members consistently wash hands at key times, but is accepted as the most suitable proxy.  Data on handwashing facilities are available for a growing number of low- and middle-income countries after hygiene questions were standardized in international surveys. However, this type of information is not available from most high-income countries, where access to basic handwashing facilities is assumed to be nearly universal.

Longdefinition: The percentage of people living in households that have a handwashing facility with soap and water available on the premises. Handwashing facilities may be fixed or mobile and include a sink with tap water, buckets with taps, tippy-taps, and jugs or basins designated for handwashing. Soap includes bar soap, liquid soap, powder detergent, and soapy water but does not include ash, soil, sand or other handwashing agents.

Statisticalconceptandmethodology: Data on drinking water, sanitation and hygiene are produced by the Joint Monitoring Programme of the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) based on administrative sources, national censuses and nationally representative household surveys.  WHO/UNICEF defines a basic handwashing facility as a device to contain, transport or regulate the flow of water to facilitate handwashing with soap and water in the household.


IndicatorName: People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water (% of population): Q2


IndicatorName: People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water (% of population): Q3


IndicatorName: People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water (% of population): Q4


IndicatorName: People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water (% of population): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water, rural (% of rural population): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water, rural (% of rural population): Q2


IndicatorName: People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water, rural (% of rural population): Q3


IndicatorName: People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water, rural (% of rural population): Q4


IndicatorName: People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water, rural (% of rural population): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water, urban (% of urban population): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water, urban (% of urban population): Q2


IndicatorName: People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water, urban (% of urban population): Q3


IndicatorName: People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water, urban (% of urban population): Q4


IndicatorName: People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water, urban (% of urban population): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Malnourished women (BMI is less than 18.5) (% of women): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Malnourished women (BMI is less than 18.5): Percentage of women whose body mass index (BMI) is less than 18.5 for women with births in the three years preceding the survey. The BMI is the ratio of the weight in kilograms to the square of the height in meters (kg/m2). The BMI excludes pregnant women and those who are less than three months postpartum.


IndicatorName: Malnourished women (BMI is less than 18.5) (% of women): Q2


IndicatorName: Malnourished women (BMI is less than 18.5) (% of women): Q3


IndicatorName: Malnourished women (BMI is less than 18.5) (% of women): Q4


IndicatorName: Malnourished women (BMI is less than 18.5) (% of women): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (underweight, -2SD) (% of children under 5): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Malnourished children: Percentage of children under age five years who are classified as undernourished according to three anthropometric indices of nutritional status: height-for-age (stunting), weight-for-age (underweight) and weight-for-height (wasting). Each index is expressed in terms of the number of standard deviation (SD) units from the median of the WHO Child Growth Standards. Children are classified as malnourished if their z-scores are below minus two or minus three standard deviations (-2 SD or -3 SD) from the median of the WHO Child Growth Standards. The percentage below -2 SD includes children who are below -3 SD.


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (underweight, -2SD) (% of children under 5): Q2


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (underweight, -2SD) (% of children under 5): Q3


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (underweight, -2SD) (% of children under 5): Q4


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (underweight, -2SD) (% of children under 5): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (underweight, -3SD) (% of children under 5): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (underweight, -3SD) (% of children under 5): Q2


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (underweight, -3SD) (% of children under 5): Q3


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (underweight, -3SD) (% of children under 5): Q4


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (underweight, -3SD) (% of children under 5): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: People practicing open defecation (% of population): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: People practicing open defecation refers to the percentage of the population defecating in the open, such as in fields, forest, bushes, open bodies of water, on beaches, in other open spaces or disposed of with solid waste.


IndicatorName: People practicing open defecation (% of population): Q2


IndicatorName: People practicing open defecation (% of population): Q3


IndicatorName: People practicing open defecation (% of population): Q4


IndicatorName: People practicing open defecation (% of population): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: People practicing open defecation, rural (% of rural population): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: People practicing open defecation, rural (% of rural population): Q2


IndicatorName: People practicing open defecation, rural (% of rural population): Q3


IndicatorName: People practicing open defecation, rural (% of rural population): Q4


IndicatorName: People practicing open defecation, rural (% of rural population): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: People practicing open defecation, urban (% of urban population): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: People practicing open defecation, urban (% of urban population): Q2


IndicatorName: People practicing open defecation, urban (% of urban population): Q3


IndicatorName: People practicing open defecation, urban (% of urban population): Q4


IndicatorName: People practicing open defecation, urban (% of urban population): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Treatment of diarrhea (ORS, RHS or increased fluids) (% of children under 5): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Treatment of diarrhea (ORS, RHS or increased fluids): Percentage of children under age five years with diarrhea in the two weeks preceding the survey who received oral rehydration solution (ORS), recommended home solution (RHS) or increased fluids.


IndicatorName: Treatment of diarrhea (ORS, RHS or increased fluids) (% of children under 5): Q2


IndicatorName: Treatment of diarrhea (ORS, RHS or increased fluids) (% of children under 5): Q3


IndicatorName: Treatment of diarrhea (ORS, RHS or increased fluids) (% of children under 5): Q4


IndicatorName: Treatment of diarrhea (ORS, RHS or increased fluids) (% of children under 5): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Knowledge of diarrhea care (% of mothers): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Knowledge of diarrhea care: Percentage of mothers with births in the three years preceding the survey who know about oral rehydration salts (ORS) packets.


IndicatorName: Knowledge of diarrhea care (% of mothers): Q2


IndicatorName: Knowledge of diarrhea care (% of mothers): Q3


IndicatorName: Knowledge of diarrhea care (% of mothers): Q4


IndicatorName: Knowledge of diarrhea care (% of mothers): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Treatment of diarrhea (either ORS or RHS) (% of children under 5): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Treatment of diarrhea (either ORS or RHS): Percentage of children under age five years with diarrhea in the two weeks preceding the survey who received either oral rehydration solution (ORS) or recommended home solution (RHS).


IndicatorName: Treatment of diarrhea (either ORS or RHS) (% of children under 5): Q2


IndicatorName: Treatment of diarrhea (either ORS or RHS) (% of children under 5): Q3


IndicatorName: Treatment of diarrhea (either ORS or RHS) (% of children under 5): Q4


IndicatorName: Treatment of diarrhea (either ORS or RHS) (% of children under 5): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (stunting, -3SD) (% of children under 5): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (stunting, -3SD) (% of children under 5): Q2


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (stunting, -3SD) (% of children under 5): Q3


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (stunting, -3SD) (% of children under 5): Q4


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (stunting, -3SD) (% of children under 5): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (stunting, -2SD) (% of children under 5): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (stunting, -2SD) (% of children under 5): Q2


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (stunting, -2SD) (% of children under 5): Q3


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (stunting, -2SD) (% of children under 5): Q4


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (stunting, -2SD) (% of children under 5): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (wasting, -2SD) (% of children under 5): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (wasting, -2SD) (% of children under 5): Q2


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (wasting, -2SD) (% of children under 5): Q3


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (wasting, -2SD) (% of children under 5): Q4


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (wasting, -2SD) (% of children under 5): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (wasting, -3SD) (% of children under 5): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (wasting, -3SD) (% of children under 5): Q2


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (wasting, -3SD) (% of children under 5): Q3


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (wasting, -3SD) (% of children under 5): Q4


IndicatorName: Malnourished children (wasting, -3SD) (% of children under 5): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Tetanus toxoid vaccination (% of live births): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Percent distribution of last live births in the last three years preceding the survey for tetanus toxoid injections (two doses or more) given to the mother during pregnancy.


IndicatorName: Tetanus toxoid vaccination (% of live births): Q2


IndicatorName: Tetanus toxoid vaccination (% of live births): Q3


IndicatorName: Tetanus toxoid vaccination (% of live births): Q4


IndicatorName: Tetanus toxoid vaccination (% of live births): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Vitamin A supplements for postpartum women (% of women with a birth): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Vitamin A supplements for postpartum women: Percentage of women with a birth in the five (two) years preceding the survey who received a vitamin A dose in the first two months after delivery. The DHS surveys refer births in the five years preceding the survey, and the MICS surveys refer births in the two years preceding the survey.

Topic: Quintile: Nutrition


IndicatorName: Vitamin A supplements for postpartum women (% of women with a birth): Q2


IndicatorName: Vitamin A supplements for postpartum women (% of women with a birth): Q3


IndicatorName: Vitamin A supplements for postpartum women (% of women with a birth): Q4


IndicatorName: Vitamin A supplements for postpartum women (% of women with a birth): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Vitamin A supplements for children (% of children ages 6-59 months): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Vitamin A supplements for children: Percentage of children aged 6-59 months who received vitamin A supplements in the six months preceding the survey.


IndicatorName: Vitamin A supplements for children (% of children ages 6-59 months): Q2


IndicatorName: Vitamin A supplements for children (% of children ages 6-59 months): Q3


IndicatorName: Vitamin A supplements for children (% of children ages 6-59 months): Q4


IndicatorName: Vitamin A supplements for children (% of children ages 6-59 months): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Mean number of children ever born to women aged 40-49: Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Mean number of children ever born to women aged 40-49: Mean number of children ever born (CEB) to women aged 40-49 years.

Topic: Quintile: Population


IndicatorName: Mean number of children ever born to women aged 40-49: Q2


IndicatorName: Mean number of children ever born to women aged 40-49: Q3


IndicatorName: Mean number of children ever born to women aged 40-49: Q4


IndicatorName: Mean number of children ever born to women aged 40-49: Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Current use of contraception (modern method) (% of married women): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Current use of contraception: Percentage of currently married women who are using or whose partners are using any method of contraception and modern method of contraception. Modern method includes female sterilization, male sterilization, pill, IUD, injections, implants, male condom, female condom, diaphragm, foam, and jelly. Traditional method includes periodic abstinence, withdrawal, long term abstinence, folk method, and others.


IndicatorName: Current use of contraception (modern method) (% of married women): Q2


IndicatorName: Current use of contraception (modern method) (% of married women): Q3


IndicatorName: Current use of contraception (modern method) (% of married women): Q4


IndicatorName: Current use of contraception (modern method) (% of married women): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Current use of contraception (any method) (% of married women): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Current use of contraception (any method) (% of married women): Q2


IndicatorName: Current use of contraception (any method) (% of married women): Q3


IndicatorName: Current use of contraception (any method) (% of married women): Q4


IndicatorName: Current use of contraception (any method) (% of married women): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Infant mortality rate: Number of deaths to children under age twelve months per 1000 live births, based on experience during the reference period before the survey. The reference period is ten years preceding the survey for DHS surveys, and the reference period varies for MICS surveys (often three to five years preceding the survey).


IndicatorName: Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births): Q2


IndicatorName: Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births): Q3


IndicatorName: Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births): Q4


IndicatorName: Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Total fertility rate (TFR) (births per woman): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Total fertility rate (TFR): The number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with age-specific fertility rates currently observed. The reference period is three years preceding the survey.


IndicatorName: Total fertility rate (TFR) (births per woman): Q2


IndicatorName: Total fertility rate (TFR) (births per woman): Q3


IndicatorName: Total fertility rate (TFR) (births per woman): Q4


IndicatorName: Total fertility rate (TFR) (births per woman): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Total wanted fertility rate (births per woman): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Total wanted fertility rate: Total wanted fertility rate is an estimate what the total fertility rate would be if all unwanted births were avoided. The reference period is three years preceding the survey.


IndicatorName: Total wanted fertility rate (births per woman): Q2


IndicatorName: Total wanted fertility rate (births per woman): Q3


IndicatorName: Total wanted fertility rate (births per woman): Q4


IndicatorName: Total wanted fertility rate (births per woman): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Teenage pregnancy and motherhood (% of women ages 15-19 who have had children or are currently pregnant): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Teenage pregnancy and motherhood: Percentage of women aged 15-19 years who are mothers or pregnant with their first child.


IndicatorName: Teenage pregnancy and motherhood (% of women ages 15-19 who have had children or are currently pregnant): Q2


IndicatorName: Teenage pregnancy and motherhood (% of women ages 15-19 who have had children or are currently pregnant): Q3


IndicatorName: Teenage pregnancy and motherhood (% of women ages 15-19 who have had children or are currently pregnant): Q4


IndicatorName: Teenage pregnancy and motherhood (% of women ages 15-19 who have had children or are currently pregnant): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Completeness of birth registration (%): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Completeness of birth registration is the percentage of children under age 5 whose births were registered at the time of the survey. The numerator of completeness of birth registration includes children whose birth certificate was seen by the interviewer or whose mother or caretaker says the birth has been registered.

Source: UNICEF global databases, based on DHS, MICS, other national household surveys, censuses and vital registration systems.


IndicatorName: Completeness of birth registration (%): Q2


IndicatorName: Completeness of birth registration (%): Q3


IndicatorName: Completeness of birth registration (%): Q4


IndicatorName: Completeness of birth registration (%): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Unmet need for family planning (for limiting) (% of married women): Q1 (lowest)

Longdefinition: Unmet need for family planning: Percentage of currently married women with unmet need for family planning for spacing, for limiting, and the sum of these two (total). Unmet need for spacing includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was mistimed, amenorrheic women who are not using family planning and whose last birth was mistimed, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and say they want to wait 2 or more years for their next birth. Also included in unmet need for spacing are fecund women who are not using any method of family planning and say they are unsure whether they want another child or who want another child but are unsure when to have the birth unless they say it would not be a problem if they discovered they were pregnant in the next few weeks. Unmet need for limiting refers to pregnant women whose pregnancy was unwanted, amenorrheic women whose last child was unwanted, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and who want no more children. Excluded from the unmet need category are pregnant and amenorrheic women who became pregnant while using a method (these women are in need of a better method of contraception).


IndicatorName: Unmet need for family planning (for limiting) (% of married women): Q2


IndicatorName: Unmet need for family planning (for limiting) (% of married women): Q3


IndicatorName: Unmet need for family planning (for limiting) (% of married women): Q4


IndicatorName: Unmet need for family planning (for limiting) (% of married women): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Unmet need for family planning (for spacing) (% of married women): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Unmet need for family planning (for spacing) (% of married women): Q2


IndicatorName: Unmet need for family planning (for spacing) (% of married women): Q3


IndicatorName: Unmet need for family planning (for spacing) (% of married women): Q4


IndicatorName: Unmet need for family planning (for spacing) (% of married women): Q5 (highest)


IndicatorName: Unmet need for family planning (total) (% of married women): Q1 (lowest)


IndicatorName: Unmet need for family planning (total) (% of married women): Q2


IndicatorName: Unmet need for family planning (total) (% of married women): Q3


IndicatorName: Unmet need for family planning (total) (% of married women): Q4


IndicatorName: Unmet need for family planning (total) (% of married women): Q5 (highest)


Aggregationmethod: Sum

Generalcomments: Aggregate data for LIC, UMC, LMC, HIC are computed based on the groupings for the World Bank fiscal year in which the data was released by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation.

IndicatorName: Number of deaths ages 5-9 years

License_Type: CC BY-4.0

Limitationsandexceptions: Complete vital registration systems are fairly uncommon in developing countries. Thus estimates must be obtained from sample surveys or derived by applying indirect estimation techniques to registration, census, or survey data. Survey data are subject to recall error, and surveys estimating infant/child deaths require large samples because households in which a birth has occurred during a given year cannot ordinarily be preselected for sampling. Indirect estimates rely on model life tables that may be inappropriate for the population concerned. Extrapolations based on outdated surveys may not be reliable for monitoring changes in health status or for comparative analytical work.

Longdefinition: Number of deaths of children ages 5-9 years

Source: Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.

Topic: Health: Mortality


IndicatorName: Number of deaths ages 5-14 years

Longdefinition: Number of deaths of children ages 5-14 years


IndicatorName: Number of deaths ages 10-14 years

Longdefinition: Number of deaths of adolescents ages 10-14 years


IndicatorName: Number of deaths ages 10-19 years

Longdefinition: Number of deaths of adolescents ages 10-19 years


IndicatorName: Number of deaths ages 15-19 years

Longdefinition: Number of deaths of adolescents ages 15-19 years


IndicatorName: Number of deaths ages 20-24 years

Longdefinition: Number of deaths of youths ages 20-24 years


IndicatorName: Number of infant deaths

Longdefinition: Number of infants dying before reaching one year of age.


IndicatorName: Number of infant deaths, female

Longdefinition: Number of female infants dying before reaching one year of age.


IndicatorName: Number of infant deaths, male

Longdefinition: Number of male infants dying before reaching one year of age.


IndicatorName: Number of under-five deaths

Longdefinition: Number of children dying before reaching age five.


IndicatorName: Number of under-five deaths, female

Longdefinition: Number of female children dying before reaching age five.


IndicatorName: Number of under-five deaths, male

Longdefinition: Number of male children dying before reaching age five.


Generalcomments:
Aggregate data for LIC, UMC, LMC, HIC are computed based on the groupings for the World Bank fiscal year in which the data was released by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation.

This indicator is related to Sustainable Development Goal 3.2.2 [https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/].

IndicatorName: Number of neonatal deaths

Longdefinition: Number of neonates dying before reaching 28 days of age.


Aggregationmethod: Weighted average

Developmentrelevance: Mortality rates for different age groups (infants, children, adolescents, youth and adults) and overall mortality indicators (life expectancy at birth or survival to a given age) are important indicators of health status in a country. Because data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. And they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development across countries.

IndicatorName: Probability of dying among children ages 5-9 years (per 1,000)

Longdefinition: Probability of dying between age 5-9 years of age expressed per 1,000 children aged 5, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.

Statisticalconceptandmethodology:
The main sources of mortality data are vital registration systems and direct or indirect estimates based on sample surveys or censuses. A "complete" vital registration system - covering at least 90 percent of vital events in the population - is the best source of age-specific mortality data.

Estimates of neonatal, infant, and child mortality tend to vary by source and method for a given time and place. Years for available estimates also vary by country, making comparisons across countries and over time difficult. To make neonatal, infant, and child mortality estimates comparable and to ensure consistency across estimates by different agencies, the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME), which comprises the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank, the United Nations Population Division, and other universities and research institutes, developed and adopted a statistical method that uses all available information to reconcile differences. The method uses statistical models to obtain a best estimate trend line by fitting a country-specific regression model of mortality rates against their reference dates.


Developmentrelevance: Mortality rates for different age groups (infants, children, and adults) and overall mortality indicators (life expectancy at birth or survival to a given age) are important indicators of health status in a country. Because data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. And they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development across countries.

IndicatorName: Probability of dying at age 5-14 years (per 1,000 children age 5)

Longdefinition: Probability of dying between age 5-14 years of age expressed per 1,000 children aged 5, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.


IndicatorName: Probability of dying among adolescents ages 10-14 years (per 1,000)

Longdefinition: Probability of dying between age 10-14 years of age expressed per 1,000 adolescents age 10, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.


IndicatorName: Probability of dying among adolescents ages 10-19 years (per 1,000)

Longdefinition: Probability of dying between age 10-19 years of age expressed per 1,000 adolescents age 10, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.


IndicatorName: Probability of dying among adolescents ages 15-19 years (per 1,000)

Longdefinition: Probability of dying between age 15-19 years of age expressed per 1,000 adolescents age 15, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.


IndicatorName: Probability of dying among youth ages 20-24 years (per 1,000)

Longdefinition: Probability of dying between age 20-24 years of age expressed per 1,000 youths age 20, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.


Generalcomments:
Given that data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. Moreover, they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development across countries. Under-five mortality rates are higher for boys than for girls in countries in which parental gender preferences are insignificant. Under-five mortality captures the effect of gender discrimination better than infant mortality does, as malnutrition and medical interventions have more significant impacts to this age group. Where female under-five mortality is higher, girls are likely to have less access to resources than boys.

Aggregate data for LIC, UMC, LMC, HIC are computed based on the groupings for the World Bank fiscal year in which the data was released by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation.

This is the Sustainable Development Goal indicator 3.2.1[https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/].

IndicatorName: Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)

Longdefinition: Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.


Generalcomments:
Given that data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. Moreover, they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development across countries. Under-five mortality rates are higher for boys than for girls in countries in which parental gender preferences are insignificant. Under-five mortality captures the effect of gender discrimination better than infant mortality does, as malnutrition and medical interventions have more significant impacts to this age group. Where female under-five mortality is higher, girls are likely to have less access to resources than boys.

Aggregate data for LIC, UMC, LMC, HIC are computed based on the groupings for the World Bank fiscal year in which the data was released by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation.

This is a sex-disaggregated indicator for Sustainable Development Goal 3.2.1 [https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/].

IndicatorName: Mortality rate, under-5, female (per 1,000 live births)

Longdefinition: Under-five mortality rate, female is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn female baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to female age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.


IndicatorName: Mortality rate, under-5, male (per 1,000 live births)

Longdefinition: Under-five mortality rate, male is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn male baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to male age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.


Generalcomments:
Given that data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. Moreover, they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development across countries.

Aggregate data for LIC, UMC, LMC, HIC are computed based on the groupings for the World Bank fiscal year in which the data was released by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation.

This is the Sustainable Development Goal indicator 3.2.2 [https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/].

IndicatorName: Mortality rate, neonatal (per 1,000 live births)

Longdefinition: Neonatal mortality rate is the number of neonates dying before reaching 28 days of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year.


Developmentrelevance:
Movement of people, most often through migration, is a significant part of global integration. Migrants contribute to the economies of both their host country and their country of origin. Yet reliable statistics on migration are difficult to collect and are often incomplete, making international comparisons a challenge.

Global migration patterns have become increasingly complex in modern times, involving not just refugees, but also millions of economic migrants. In most developed countries, refugees are admitted for resettlement and are routinely included in population counts by censuses or population registers.

But refugees and migrants, even if they often travel in the same way, are fundamentally different, and for that reason are treated very differently under modern international law. Migrants, especially economic migrants, choose to move in order to improve the future prospects of themselves and their families. Refugees have to move if they are to save their lives or preserve their freedom.

IndicatorName: Net migration

Limitationsandexceptions: International migration is the component of population change most difficult to measure and estimate reliably. Thus, the quality and quantity of the data used in the estimation and projection of net migration varies considerably by country. Furthermore, the movement of people across international boundaries, which is very often a response to changing socio-economic, political and environmental forces, is subject to a great deal of volatility. Refugee movements, for instance, may involve large numbers of people moving across boundaries in a short time. For these reasons, projections of future international migration levels are the least robust part of current population projections and reflect mainly a continuation of recent levels and trends in net migration.

Longdefinition: Net migration is the net total of migrants during the period, that is, the number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants, including both citizens and noncitizens.

Shortdefinition: Net migration is the number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants, including citizens and noncitizens.

Source: United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision.

Statisticalconceptandmethodology:
The United Nations Population Division provides data on net migration and migrant stock. Because data on migrant stock is difficult for countries to collect, the United Nations Population Division takes into account the past migration history of a country or area, the migration policy of a country, and the influx of refugees in recent periods when deriving estimates of net migration. The data to calculate these estimates come from a variety of sources, including border statistics, administrative records, surveys, and censuses.

When there is insufficient data, net migration is derived through the difference between the overall population growth rate and the rate of natural increase (the difference between the birth rate and the death rate) during the same period. Such calculations are usually made for intercensal periods. The estimates are also derived from the data on foreign-born population - people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population - that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside - are used as estimates.

Topic: Social Protection & Labor: Migration


IndicatorName: Mortality rate, adult, female (per 1,000 female adults)

Longdefinition: Adult mortality rate, female, is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old female dying before reaching age 60, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year between those ages.

Source: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2022 Revision. (2) HMD. Human Mortality Database. Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research (Germany), University of California, Berkeley (USA), and French Institute for Demographic Studies (France). Available at www.mortality.org.

Statisticalconceptandmethodology: The main sources of mortality data are vital registration systems and direct or indirect estimates based on sample surveys or censuses. A "complete" vital registration system - covering at least 90 percent of vital events in the population - is the best source of age-specific mortality data. Where reliable age-specific mortality data are available, life tables can be constructed from age-specific mortality data, and adult mortality rates can be calculated from life tables.


IndicatorName: Mortality rate, adult, male (per 1,000 male adults)

Longdefinition: Adult mortality rate, male, is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old male dying before reaching age 60, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year between those ages.


IndicatorName: Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people)

Limitationsandexceptions: Vital registers are the preferred source for these data, but in many developing countries systems for registering births and deaths are absent or incomplete because of deficiencies in the coverage of events or geographic areas. Many developing countries carry out special household surveys that ask respondents about recent births and deaths. Estimates derived in this way are subject to sampling errors and recall errors.

Longdefinition: Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.

Shortdefinition: Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births per 1,000 midyear population.

Source: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2022 Revision; (2) Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices; (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics; (4) United Nations Statistics Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years).

Statisticalconceptandmethodology:
The crude birth rate is calculated as the number of births in a given period divided by the average population in that period. For human populations the period is usually one year and, if the population changes in size over the year, the divisor is taken as the population at the mid-year. The rate is usually expressed in terms of 1,000 people: for example, a crude birth rate of 9.5 (per 1000 people) in a population of 1 million would imply 9500 births per year in the entire population. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.

Vital rates are based on data from birth and death registration systems, censuses, and sample surveys by national statistical offices and other organizations, or on demographic analysis. Data for the most recent year for some high-income countries are provisional estimates based on vital registers. The estimates for many other countries are from the United Nations Population Division.

Topic: Health: Population: Dynamics


Developmentrelevance: The crude death rate is a good indicator of the general health status of a geographic area or population. The crude death rate is not appropriate for comparison of different populations or areas with large differences in age-distributions. Higher crude death rates can be found in some developed countries, despite high life expectancy, because typically these countries have a much higher proportion of older people, due to lower recent birth rates and lower age-specific mortality rates.

IndicatorName: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people)

Longdefinition: Crude death rate indicates the number of deaths occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.

Shortdefinition: Crude death rate indicates the number of deaths per 1,000 midyear population.

Statisticalconceptandmethodology:
The crude death rate is calculated as the number of deaths in a given period divided by the population exposed to risk of death in that period. For human populations the period is usually one year and, if the population changes in size over the year, the divisor is taken as the population at the mid-year. The rate is usually expressed in terms of 1,000 people: for example, a crude death rate of 9.5 (per 1000 people) in a population of 1 million would imply 9500 deaths per year in the entire population. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.

Vital rates are based on data from birth and death registration systems, censuses, and sample surveys by national statistical offices and other organizations, or on demographic analysis. Data for the most recent year for some high-income countries are provisional estimates based on vital registers. The estimates for many other countries are from the United Nations Population Division.


Generalcomments:
Given that data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. Moreover, they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development across countries. Under-five mortality rates are higher for boys than for girls in countries in which parental gender preferences are insignificant. Under-five mortality captures the effect of gender discrimination better than infant mortality does, as malnutrition and medical interventions have more significant impacts to this age group. Where female under-five mortality is higher, girls are likely to have less access to resources than boys.

Aggregate data for LIC, UMC, LMC, HIC are computed based on the groupings for the World Bank fiscal year in which the data was released by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation.

IndicatorName: Mortality rate, infant, female (per 1,000 live births)

Longdefinition: Infant mortality rate, female is the number of female infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 female live births in a given year.


IndicatorName: Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)

Longdefinition: Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year.


IndicatorName: Mortality rate, infant, male (per 1,000 live births)

Longdefinition: Infant mortality rate, male is the number of male infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 male live births in a given year.


IndicatorName: Life expectancy at birth, female (years)

Longdefinition: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.

Source: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2022 Revision; (2) Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices; (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics.

Statisticalconceptandmethodology:
Life expectancy at birth used here is the average number of years a newborn is expected to live if mortality patterns at the time of its birth remain constant in the future. It reflects the overall mortality level of a population, and summarizes the mortality pattern that prevails across all age groups in a given year. It is calculated in a period life table which provides a snapshot of a population's mortality pattern at a given time. It therefore does not reflect the mortality pattern that a person actually experiences during his/her life, which can be calculated in a cohort life table.

High mortality in young age groups significantly lowers the life expectancy at birth. But if a person survives his/her childhood of high mortality, he/she may live much longer. For example, in a population with a life expectancy at birth of 50, there may be few people dying at age 50. The life expectancy at birth may be low due to the high childhood mortality so that once a person survives his/her childhood, he/she may live much longer than 50 years.


IndicatorName: Life expectancy at birth, total (years)

Source: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2022 Revision; or derived from male and female life expectancy at birth from sources such as: (2) Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices; (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics.


IndicatorName: Life expectancy at birth, male (years)


Developmentrelevance: Reproductive health is a state of physical and mental well-being in relation to the reproductive system and its functions and processes. Means of achieving reproductive health include education and services during pregnancy and childbirth, safe and effective contraception, and prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases. Complications of pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death and disability among women of reproductive age in developing countries.

Generalcomments: Relevance to gender indicator: it can indicate the status of women within households and a woman’s decision about the number and spacing of children.

IndicatorName: Fertility rate, total (births per woman)

Longdefinition: Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with age-specific fertility rates of the specified year.

Statisticalconceptandmethodology: Total fertility rates are based on data on registered live births from vital registration systems or, in the absence of such systems, from censuses or sample surveys. The estimated rates are generally considered reliable measures of fertility in the recent past. Where no empirical information on age-specific fertility rates is available, a model is used to estimate the share of births to adolescents. For countries without reliable vital registration systems fertility rates are generally based on extrapolations from trends observed in censuses or surveys from earlier years.

Topic: Health: Reproductive health


IndicatorName: Population ages 00-04, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 0 to 4.

Source: World Bank staff estimates using the World Bank's total population and age/sex distributions of the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision.

Topic: Health: Population: Structure


IndicatorName: Population ages 00-04, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 0 to 4 as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 00-04, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 0 to 4.


IndicatorName: Population ages 00-04, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 0 to 4 as a percentage of the total male population.


Generalcomments: Relevance to gender indicator: Knowing how many girls, adolescents and women there are in a population helps a country in determining its provision of services.

IndicatorName: Population ages 0-14, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 0 to 14. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.


IndicatorName: Population ages 0-14, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 0 to 14 as a percentage of the total female population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 0-14, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 0 to 14. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.


IndicatorName: Population ages 0-14, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 0 to 14 as a percentage of the total male population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 0-14, total

Longdefinition: Total population between the ages 0 to 14. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.


Developmentrelevance:
Patterns of development in a country are partly determined by the age composition of its population. Different age groups have different impacts on both the environment and on infrastructure needs.  Therefore the age structure of a population is useful for analyzing resource use and formulating future policy and planning goals  with regards infrastructure and development.

This indicator is used for calculating age dependency ratio (percent of working-age population). The age dependency ratio is the ratio of the sum of the population aged 0-14 and the population aged 65 and above to the population aged 15-64. In many developing countries, the once rapidly growing population group of the under-15 population is shrinking. As a result, high fertility rates, together with declining mortality rates, are now reflected in the larger share of the 65 and older population.

IndicatorName: Population ages 0-14 (% of total population)

Longdefinition: Population between the ages 0 to 14 as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population.

Statisticalconceptandmethodology:
Age structure in the World Bank's population estimates is based on the age structure in United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects. For more information, see the original source.

Total population is based on the de facto population including all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates. For more information see metadata for total population (SP.POP.TOTL).


IndicatorName: Population ages 05-09, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 5 to 9.


IndicatorName: Population ages 05-09, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 5 to 9 as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 05-09, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 5 to 9.


IndicatorName: Population ages 05-09, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 5 to 9 as a percentage of the total male population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 10-14, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 10 to 14.


IndicatorName: Population ages 10-14, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 10 to 14 as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 10-14, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 10 to 14.


IndicatorName: Population ages 10-14, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 10 to 14 as a percentage of the total male population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 15-19, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 15 to 19.


IndicatorName: Population ages 15-19, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 15 to 19 as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 15-19, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 15 to 19.


IndicatorName: Population ages 15-19, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 15 to 19 as a percentage of the total male population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 15-64, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 15 to 64. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.


IndicatorName: Population ages 15-64, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 15 to 64 as a percentage of the total female population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.


IndicatorName: Population ages 15-64, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 15 to 64. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.


IndicatorName: Population ages 15-64, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 15 to 64 as a percentage of the total male population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.


IndicatorName: Population ages 15-64, total

Longdefinition: Total population between the ages 15 to 64. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.


IndicatorName: Population ages 15-64 (% of total population)

Longdefinition: Total population between the ages 15 to 64 as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.


IndicatorName: Population ages 20-24, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 20 to 24.


IndicatorName: Population ages 20-24, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 20 to 24 as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 20-24, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 20 to 24.


IndicatorName: Population ages 20-24, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 20 to 24 as a percentage of the total male population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 25-29, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 25 to 29.


IndicatorName: Population ages 25-29, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 25 to 29 as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 25-29, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 25 to 29.


IndicatorName: Population ages 25-29, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 25 to 29 as a percentage of the total male population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 30-34, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 30 to 34.


IndicatorName: Population ages 30-34, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 30 to 34 as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 30-34, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 30 to 34.


IndicatorName: Population ages 30-34, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 30 to 34 as a percentage of the total male population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 35-39, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 35 to 39.


IndicatorName: Population ages 35-39, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 35 to 39 as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 35-39, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 35 to 39.


IndicatorName: Population ages 35-39, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 35 to 39 as a percentage of the total male population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 40-44, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 40 to 44.


IndicatorName: Population ages 40-44, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 40 to 44 as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 40-44, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 40 to 44.


IndicatorName: Population ages 40-44, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 40 to 44 as a percentage of the total male population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 45-49, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 45 to 49.


IndicatorName: Population ages 45-49, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 45 to 49 as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 45-49, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 45 to 49.


IndicatorName: Population ages 45-49, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 45 to 49 as a percentage of the total male population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 50-54, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 50 to 54.


IndicatorName: Population ages 50-54, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 50 to 54 as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 50-54, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 50 to 54.


IndicatorName: Population ages 50-54, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 50 to 54 as a percentage of the total male population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 55-59, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 55 to 59.


IndicatorName: Population ages 55-59, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 55 to 59 as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 55-59, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 55 to 59.


IndicatorName: Population ages 55-59, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 55 to 59 as a percentage of the total male population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 60-64, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 60 to 64.


IndicatorName: Population ages 60-64, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 60 to 64 as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 60-64, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 60 to 64.


IndicatorName: Population ages 60-64, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 60 to 64 as a percentage of the total male population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 65-69, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 65 to 69.


IndicatorName: Population ages 65-69, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 65 to 69 as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 65-69, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 65 to 69.


IndicatorName: Population ages 65-69, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 65 to 69 as a percentage of the total male population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 65 and above, female

Longdefinition: Female population 65 years of age or older. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.


IndicatorName: Population ages 65 and above, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population 65 years of age or older as a percentage of the total female population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.


IndicatorName: Population ages 65 and above, male

Longdefinition: Male population 65 years of age or older. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.


IndicatorName: Population ages 65 and above, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population 65 years of age or older as a percentage of the total male population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.


IndicatorName: Population ages 65 and above, total

Longdefinition: Total population 65 years of age or older. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.


IndicatorName: Population ages 65 and above (% of total population)

Longdefinition: Population ages 65 and above as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.

Statisticalconceptandmethodology: Age structure in the World Bank's population estimates is based on the age structure in United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects. For more information, see the original source. Total population is based on the de facto population including all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates. For more information see metadata for total population (SP.POP.TOTL).


IndicatorName: Population ages 70-74, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 70 to 74.


IndicatorName: Population ages 70-74, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 70 to 74 as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 70-74, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 70 to 74.


IndicatorName: Population ages 70-74, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 70 to 74 as a percentage of the total male population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 75-79, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 75 to 79.


IndicatorName: Population ages 75-79, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 75 to 79 as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 75-79, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 75 to 79.


IndicatorName: Population ages 75-79, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 75 to 79 as a percentage of the total male population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 80 and above, female

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 80 and above.


IndicatorName: Population ages 80 and above, female (% of female population)

Longdefinition: Female population between the ages 80 and above as a percentage of the total female population.


IndicatorName: Population ages 80 and above, male

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 80 and above.


IndicatorName: Population ages 80 and above, male (% of male population)

Longdefinition: Male population between the ages 80 and above as a percentage of the total male population.


IndicatorName: Age population, age 00, female

Longdefinition: Age population, female refers to female population at the specified age level. The geographical areas included in the data are the same as the data source.


IndicatorName: Age population, age 00, male

Longdefinition: Age population, male refers to male population at the specified age level. The geographical areas included in the data are the same as the data source.


IndicatorName: Age population, age 01, female

Shortdefinition: Age population, female refers to female population at the specified age level.


IndicatorName: Age population, age 01, male

Shortdefinition: Age population, male refers to male population at the specified age level.


IndicatorName: Age population, age 02, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 02, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 03, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 03, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 04, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 04, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 05, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 05, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 06, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 06, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 07, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 07, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 08, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 08, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 09, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 09, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 10, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 10, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 11, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 11, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 12, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 12, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 13, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 13, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 14, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 14, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 15, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 15, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 16, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 16, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 17, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 17, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 18, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 18, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 19, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 19, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 20, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 20, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 21, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 21, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 22, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 22, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 23, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 23, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 24, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 24, male


IndicatorName: Age population, age 25, female


IndicatorName: Age population, age 25, male


IndicatorName: Sex ratio at birth (male births per female births)

Longdefinition: Sex ratio at birth refers to male births per female births.


Developmentrelevance: Patterns of development in a country are partly determined by the age composition of its population. Different age groups have different impacts on both the environment and on infrastructure needs.  Therefore the age structure of a population is useful for analyzing resource use and formulating future policy and planning goals  with regards infrastructure and development.

Generalcomments: Relevance to gender indicator: this indicator implies the dependency burden that the working-age population bears in relation to children and the elderly. Many times single or widowed women who are the sole caregiver of a household have a high dependency ratio.

IndicatorName: Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

Longdefinition: Age dependency ratio is the ratio of dependents--people younger than 15 or older than 64--to the working-age population--those ages 15-64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population.

Source: World Bank staff estimates based on age distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision.

Statisticalconceptandmethodology:
Dependency ratios capture variations in the proportions of children, elderly people, and working-age people in the population that imply the dependency burden that the working-age population bears in relation to children and the elderly. But dependency ratios show only the age composition of a population, not economic dependency. Some children and elderly people are part of the labor force, and many working-age people are not.

Age structure in the World Bank's population estimates is based on the age structure in United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects. For more information, see the original source.


IndicatorName: Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population)

Longdefinition: Age dependency ratio, old, is the ratio of older dependents--people older than 64--to the working-age population--those ages 15-64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population.


IndicatorName: Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population)

Longdefinition: Age dependency ratio, young, is the ratio of younger dependents--people younger than 15--to the working-age population--those ages 15-64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population.


IndicatorName: Population growth (annual %)

Longdefinition: Annual population growth rate for year t is the exponential rate of growth of midyear population from year t-1 to t, expressed as a percentage . Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.

Shortdefinition: Annual population growth rate. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.

Source: Derived from total population. Population source: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision; (2) Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices; (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics; (4) United Nations Statistics Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years).

Statisticalconceptandmethodology:
Total population growth rates are calculated on the assumption that rate of growth is constant between two points in time. The growth rate is computed using the exponential growth formula:

r = ln(pn/p0)/n,

where r is the exponential rate of growth, ln() is the natural logarithm, pn is the end period population, p0 is the beginning period population, and n is the number of years in between. Note that this is not the geometric growth rate used to compute compound growth over discrete periods.

For information on total population from which the growth rates are calculated, see total population (SP.POP.TOTL).


Developmentrelevance: Increases in human population, whether as a result of immigration or more births than deaths, can impact natural resources and social infrastructure.  This can place pressure on a country's sustainability.  A significant growth in population will negatively impact the availability of land for agricultural production, and will aggravate demand for food, energy, water, social services, and infrastructure. On the other hand, decreasing population size - a result of fewer births than deaths, and people moving out of a country - can impact a government's commitment to maintain services and infrastructure.

Generalcomments: Relevance to gender indicator: disaggregating the population composition by gender will help a country in projecting its demand for social services on a gender basis.

IndicatorName: Population, total

Limitationsandexceptions:
Current population estimates for developing countries that lack (i) reliable recent census data, and (ii) pre- and post-census estimates for countries with census data, are provided by the United Nations Population Division and other agencies.

The cohort component method - a standard method for estimating and projecting population - requires fertility, mortality, and net migration data, often collected from sample surveys, which can be small or limited in coverage. Population estimates are from demographic modeling and so are susceptible to biases and errors from shortcomings in both the model and the data.

Because future trends cannot be known with certainty, population projections have a wide range of uncertainty.

Longdefinition: Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.

Source: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision; (2) Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices; (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics; (4) United Nations Statistics Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years).

Statisticalconceptandmethodology:
Population estimates are usually based on national population censuses, and estimates of fertility, mortality and migration.

Errors and undercounting in census occur even in high-income countries.  In developing countries errors may be substantial because of limits in the transport, communications, and other resources required to conduct and analyze a full census.

The quality and reliability of official demographic data are also affected by public trust in the government, government commitment to full and accurate enumeration, confidentiality and protection against misuse of census data, and census agencies' independence from political influence. Moreover, comparability of population indicators is limited by differences in the concepts, definitions, collection procedures, and estimation methods used by national statistical agencies and other organizations that collect the data.

The currentness of a census and the availability of complementary data from surveys or registration systems are objective ways to judge demographic data quality. Some European countries' registration systems offer complete information on population in the absence of a census.

The United Nations Statistics Division monitors the completeness of vital registration systems. Some developing countries have made progress over the last 60 years, but others still have deficiencies in civil registration systems.

International migration is the only other factor besides birth and death rates that directly determines a country's population change. Estimating migration is difficult. At any time many people are located outside their home country as tourists, workers, or refugees or for other reasons. Standards for the duration and purpose of international moves that qualify as migration vary, and estimates require information on flows into and out of countries that is difficult to collect.

Population projections, starting from a base year are projected forward using assumptions of mortality, fertility, and migration by age and sex through 2050, based on the UN Population Division's World Population Prospects database medium variant.


IndicatorName: Population, female

Longdefinition: Female population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all female residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.


Developmentrelevance: Females comprise almost one-half of the world population.  Female population relative to male population is a primary demographic indicator, reflecting historical events such as wars and the socio-demographic and ethno-cultural characteristics of the population.

IndicatorName: Population, female (% of total population)

Longdefinition: Female population is the percentage of the population that is female. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.

Source: World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision.

Statisticalconceptandmethodology: Population structure by age and sex in the World Bank's estimates is based on the population structure by age and sex in United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects. For more information, see the original source.


IndicatorName: Population, male

Longdefinition: Male population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all male residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.


IndicatorName: Population, male (% of total population)

Longdefinition: Male population is the percentage of the population that is male. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.