IndicatorName: PDI-9 Aid provided in the framework of programme-based appproaches (%)

Longdefinition: Aid provided in the framework of programme-based approaches (PBAs) are a way of engaging in development co-operation based on the principles of co-ordinated support for  a locally owned programme of development, such as a national development strategy, a sector programme, a thematic programme or a programme of a specific organization.  Programme-based approaches share the following features: (i) Leadership by the host country or organization; (ii) A single comprehensive programme and budget framework; (iii) A formalized process for donor co-ordination and harmonization of donor procedures for reporting, budgeting, financial management and procurement; (iv) Efforts to increase the use of local systems for programme design and implementation, financial management, monitoring and evaluation.  Indicators 3 to 12 (but not Indictor 8) are drawn from the Survey on Monitoring the Paris Declaration for each respective year.


IndicatorName: Manufactures value index

Longdefinition: Manufactures unit value index is a weighted unit value index of exports of manufactures by industrial countries.

Periodicity: Annual

Source: World Bank, IECAP

Topic: Private Sector & Trade: Trade indexes


IndicatorName: Manufactured exports unit value (MUV) index (% change)

Longdefinition: Manufactures unit value index (percentage change) is calculated as the annual percentage change of a weighted unit value index of exports of manufactures by industrial countries.

Source: World Bank, IECAP.


IndicatorName: Real effective exchange rate index (line rec, 2005 = 100)

Longdefinition: Real effective exchange rate is the nominal effective exchange rate (a measure of the value of a currency against a weighted average of several foreign currencies) divided by a price deflator or index of costs. This indicator corresponds to the IFS's line rec, and is based on a nominal rate adjusted for relative changes in consumer prices.

Source: International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics.

Topic: Financial Sector: Exchange rates & prices


IndicatorName: Real effective exchange rate index (2005 = 100)

Longdefinition: Real effective exchange rate is the nominal effective exchange rate (a measure of the value of a currency against a weighted average of several foreign currencies) divided by a price deflator or index of costs.


Aggregationmethod: Weighted average

IndicatorName: Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15-24)

Longdefinition: Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life.

Source: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.

Topic: Education: Outcomes


IndicatorName: Ratio of young literate females to males (% ages 15-24)

Longdefinition: Ratio of young literate females to males is the percentage of females to males ages 15-24 who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life.


IndicatorName: Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15-24)

Shortdefinition: Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life.


IndicatorName: Literacy rate, youth total (% of people ages 15-24)


IndicatorName: Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

Longdefinition: Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life.


IndicatorName: Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)

Shortdefinition: Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life.


IndicatorName: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)


IndicatorName: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education (%)

Longdefinition: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is the ratio of the female to male gross enrollment rates in primary and secondary school.

Topic: Education: Participation


IndicatorName: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment (%)

Longdefinition: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment is the ratio of the female to male gross enrollment rates in tertiary school.


IndicatorName: Primary school starting age (years)

Longdefinition: Primary school starting age is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.

Topic: Education: Inputs


IndicatorName: Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)

Longdefinition: Primary completion rate is the percentage of students completing the last year of primary school. It is calculated by taking the total number of students in the last grade of primary school, minus the number of repeaters in that grade, divided by the total number of children of official graduation age.


IndicatorName: Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)

Shortdefinition: Primary completion rate is the percentage of students completing the last year of primary school. It is calculated by taking the total number of students in the last grade of primary school, minus the number of repeaters in that grade, divided by the total number of children of official graduation age.


IndicatorName: Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)


Aggregationmethod: Median

IndicatorName: Primary education, duration (years)

Longdefinition: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.


Aggregationmethod: Sum

IndicatorName: Primary education, pupils

Longdefinition: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.


IndicatorName: Primary education, pupils (% female)

Longdefinition: Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at primary level include enrollments in public and private schools.


IndicatorName: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary

Longdefinition: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).


IndicatorName: School enrollment, primary (% gross)

Longdefinition: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.


IndicatorName: School enrollment, primary, female (% gross)

Shortdefinition: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.


IndicatorName: School enrollment, primary, male (% gross)


IndicatorName: School enrollment, primary (% net)

Longdefinition: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.


IndicatorName: School enrollment, primary, female (% net)

Shortdefinition: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.


IndicatorName: School enrollment, primary, male (% net)


IndicatorName: School enrollment, primary, private (% of total primary)

Longdefinition: Private enrollment refers to pupils or students enrolled in institutions that are not operated by a public authority but controlled and managed, whether for profit or not, by a private body such as a nongovernmental organization, religious body, special interest group, foundation or business enterprise.


IndicatorName: Persistence to grade 5, female (% of cohort)

Longdefinition: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.

Topic: Education: Efficiency


IndicatorName: Persistence to grade 5, male (% of cohort)

Shortdefinition: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.


IndicatorName: Persistence to grade 5, total (% of cohort)


IndicatorName: Persistence to last grade of primary, female (% of cohort)

Longdefinition: Persistence to last grade of primary is the percentage of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary education. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.


IndicatorName: Persistence to last grade of primary, male (% of cohort)

Shortdefinition: Persistence to last grade of primary is the percentage of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary education. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.


IndicatorName: Persistence to last grade of primary, total (% of cohort)


IndicatorName: Trained teachers in primary education, female (% of female teachers)

Longdefinition: Trained teachers in primary education are the percentage of primary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in their country.

Source: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, special data collection for the Education for All Initiative.


IndicatorName: Trained teachers in primary education, male (% of male teachers)

Shortdefinition: Trained teachers in primary education are the percentage of primary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in their country.


IndicatorName: Trained teachers in primary education (% of total teachers)


IndicatorName: Primary education, teachers

Longdefinition: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.


IndicatorName: Primary education, teachers (% female)

Longdefinition: Female teachers as a percentage of total primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.


IndicatorName: Total enrollment, primary (% net)

Longdefinition: Total enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group.


IndicatorName: Total enrollment, primary, female (% net)

Shortdefinition: Total enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group.


IndicatorName: Total enrollment, primary, male (% net)


IndicatorName: Expected years of schooling

Longdefinition: Expected years of schooling is the number of years a child of school entrance age is expect to spend at school, or university, including years spent on repetition. It is the sum of the age-specific enrolment ratios for primary, secondary, post-secondary non-tertiary and tertiary education.


IndicatorName: Expected years of schooling, female

Shortdefinition: Expected years of schooling is the number of years a child of school entrance age is expect to spend at school, or university, including years spent on repetition. It is the sum of the age-specific enrolment ratios for primary, secondary, post-secondary non-tertiary and tertiary education.


IndicatorName: Expected years of schooling, male


IndicatorName: Secondary school starting age (years)

Longdefinition: Secondary school starting age is the age at which students would enter secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.


IndicatorName: Secondary education, duration (years)

Longdefinition: Secondary education, duration (years) is the number of grades (years) in secondary school.


IndicatorName: Secondary education, pupils

Longdefinition: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.


IndicatorName: Secondary education, pupils (% female)

Longdefinition: Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at secondary level includes enrollments in public and private schools.


IndicatorName: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary

Longdefinition: Secondary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).


IndicatorName: School enrollment, secondary (% gross)

Longdefinition: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.


IndicatorName: School enrollment, secondary, female (% gross)

Shortdefinition: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.


IndicatorName: School enrollment, secondary, male (% gross)


IndicatorName: School enrollment, secondary (% net)

Longdefinition: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.


IndicatorName: School enrollment, secondary, female (% net)

Shortdefinition: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.


IndicatorName: School enrollment, secondary, male (% net)


IndicatorName: School enrollment, secondary, private (% of total secondary)

Shortdefinition: Private enrollment refers to pupils or students enrolled in institutions that are not operated by a public authority but controlled and managed, whether for profit or not, by a private body such as a nongovernmental organization, religious body, special interest group, foundation or business enterprise.


IndicatorName: Secondary education, teachers

Longdefinition: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.


IndicatorName: Secondary education, teachers (% female)

Longdefinition: Female teachers as a percentage of total secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.


IndicatorName: School enrollment, tertiary (% gross)

Longdefinition: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level.


IndicatorName: School enrollment, tertiary, female (% gross)

Shortdefinition: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level.


IndicatorName: School enrollment, tertiary, male (% gross)


IndicatorName: Expenditure per student, primary (% of GDP per capita)

Longdefinition: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).


IndicatorName: Share of public expenditure for primary education (% of public education expenditure)

Longdefinition: Share of public expenditure for primary education is the percentage of public education expenditure for primary education. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).


IndicatorName: Spending on teaching materials, primary (% of primary expenditure)

Longdefinition: Spending on teaching materials, primary is the percentage of public education expenditure for primary education that is spent on teaching materials. Current educational expenditure includes direct current expenditure on public educational institutions from all sources (public, private and international). Public expenditure includes government spending on educational institutions, education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other private entities).


IndicatorName: Expenditure per student, secondary (% of GDP per capita)

Shortdefinition: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).


IndicatorName: Share of public expenditure for secondary education (% of public education expenditure)

Longdefinition: Share of public expenditure for secondary education is the percentage of public education expenditure for secondary education. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).


IndicatorName: Spending on teaching materials, secondary (% of secondary expenditure)

Longdefinition: Spending on teaching materials, secondary is the percentage of public education expenditure for secondary education that is spent on teaching materials. Current educational expenditure includes direct current expenditure on public educational institutions from all sources (public, private and international). Public expenditure includes government spending on educational institutions, education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other private entities).


IndicatorName: Teachers' salaries (% of current education expenditure)

Longdefinition: Teachers' salaries is the percentage of current education expenditure for teachers' salaries. Current educational expenditure includes direct current expenditure on public educational institutions from all sources (public, private and international). public expenditure includes government spending on educational institutions, education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other private entities).


IndicatorName: Expenditure per student, tertiary (% of GDP per capita)


IndicatorName: Public spending on education, total (% of government expenditure)

Longdefinition: Public expenditure on education consists of current and capital public expenditure on education includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).


IndicatorName: Public spending on education, total (% of GDP)

Shortdefinition: Public expenditure on education consists of current and capital public expenditure on education includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).


IndicatorName: Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)

Longdefinition: Women in parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber held by women.

Source: United Nations, Women's Indicators and Statistics database (www.ipu.org).

Topic: Public Sector: Policy & institutions


IndicatorName: HIV prevalence rate, adult 15-49 years (%; high estimate)

Longdefinition: Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV based on a high estimate.

Periodicity: Every two years

Source: UNAIDS and the WHO's Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic.

Topic: Health: Risk factors


IndicatorName: HIV prevalence rate, adult 15-49 years (%; low estimate)

Longdefinition: Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV based on a low estimate.


IndicatorName: Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)

Longdefinition: Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.


IndicatorName: Mortality rate, female child (per 1,000 female children age one)

Longdefinition: Child mortality rate is the probability of dying between the exact ages of one and five, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates. The probability is expressed as a rate per 1,000.

Source: Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International, Multiple Indicators Cluster Surveys by UNICEF, Reproductive Health Surveys by U.S. Center for Disease Control, and Family Health Surveys by Pan Arab Project for Family Health. See footnotes for a source.

Topic: Health: Mortality


IndicatorName: Mortality rate, male child (per 1,000 male children age one)

Shortdefinition: Child mortality rate is the probability of dying between the exact ages of one and five, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates. The probability is expressed as a rate per 1,000.


IndicatorName: Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

Longdefinition: Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates.

Source: Level & Trends in Child Mortality. Report 2010. Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA, UNPD).


IndicatorName: Improved water source, rural (% of rural population with access)

Longdefinition: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.

Source: World Health Organization and United Nations Children's Fund, Joint Measurement Programme (JMP) (http://www.wssinfo.org/).

Topic: Health: Disease prevention


IndicatorName: Improved water source, urban (% of urban population with access)

Shortdefinition: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.


IndicatorName: Improved water source (% of population with access)


IndicatorName: HIV prevalence rate, young women 15-24 years (%; high estimate)

Longdefinition: Prevalence of HIV, female refers to the percentage of females ages 15-24 who are infected with HIV based the high estimate.


IndicatorName: HIV prevalence rate, young women 15-24 years (%; low estimate)

Longdefinition: Prevalence of HIV, female refers to the percentage of females ages 15-24 who are infected with HIV based the low estimate.


IndicatorName: Prevalence of HIV, female (% ages 15-24)

Longdefinition: Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.


IndicatorName: HIV prevalence rate, young men 15-24 years (%; high estimate)

Longdefinition: Prevalence of HIV, male refers to the percentage of females ages 15-24 who are infected with HIV based the high estimate.


IndicatorName: HIV prevalence rate, young men 15-24 years (%; low estimate)

Longdefinition: Prevalence of HIV, male refers to the percentage of females ages 15-24 who are infected with HIV based the low estimate.


IndicatorName: Prevalence of HIV, male (% ages 15-24)

Shortdefinition: Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.


IndicatorName: AIDS deaths in adults and children (high estimate)

Longdefinition: Deaths due to HIV/AIDS are the estimated number of adults and children that have died in a specific year based in the modeling of HIV surveillance data using standard and appropriate tools.


IndicatorName: AIDS deaths in adults and children (low estimate)

Shortdefinition: Deaths due to HIV/AIDS are the estimated number of adults and children that have died in a specific year based in the modeling of HIV surveillance data using standard and appropriate tools.


IndicatorName: AIDS deaths in adults and children


IndicatorName: New HIV infections (0-14 years), high estimate

Longdefinition: Estimated number of children (0-14 years) newly infected with HIV, high estimate.


IndicatorName: New HIV infections (0-14 years), low estimate

Longdefinition: Estimated number of children (0-14 years) newly infected with HIV, low estimate.


IndicatorName: New HIV infections (0-14 years)

Longdefinition: Estimated number of children (0-14 years) newly infected with HIV.


IndicatorName: New HIV infections, high estimate

Longdefinition: Estimated number of people newly infected with HIV, high estimate.


IndicatorName: New HIV infections, low estimate

Longdefinition: Estimated number of people newly infected with HIV, low estimate.


IndicatorName: New HIV infections

Longdefinition: Estimated number of people newly infected with HIV.


IndicatorName: Orphans 0-17 years currently living (high estimate)

Longdefinition: AIDS orphans are the estimated number of children who have lost their mother or both parents to AIDS before age 17 since the epidemic began in 1990. Some of the orphaned children included in this cumulative total are no longer alive; others are no longer under age 17.


IndicatorName: Orphans 0-17 years currently living (low estimate)

Shortdefinition: AIDS orphans are the estimated number of children who have lost their mother or both parents to AIDS before age 17 since the epidemic began in 1990. Some of the orphaned children included in this cumulative total are no longer alive; others are no longer under age 17.


IndicatorName: Orphans 0-17 years currently living


IndicatorName: HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%; high estimate)

Longdefinition: Percentage of HIV-infected pregnant women who received antiretrovirals to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission.  Numerator: Number of HIV-infected pregnant women who received antiretrovirals during the last 12 months to reduce mother-to-child transmission.  Denominator: Estimated number of HIV-infected pregnant women in the last 12 months.  Ranges are presented for countries with low and concentrated epidemics.  The purpose of this indicator is to assess progress in preventing vertical transmission of HIV.  All data reflect values representing 12 month period ending December 2007 which have been reconciled between reporting country and UNAIDS/WHO/UNICEF, unless otherwise noted.  All analysis of this indicator, including quoted country figures, reflect numerators which have gone through a tri agency reconciliation (UNAIDS/WHO/UNICEF) process and denominators which have been estimated directly from the UNAIDS/WHO Reference group on Estimates, Modelling and Projections methodology (Spectrum).  The reconciliation process ensured all agencies reported the same country endorsed figure which was the most recent and met the definition of HIV-infected women receiving antiretroviral drugs over the last 12 months, and thus reflect a full year. Every effort was made in cases of discrepancy across the three agencies to obtain approval from the country on a final indicator value.


IndicatorName: HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%; low estimate)

Shortdefinition: Percentage of HIV-infected pregnant women who received antiretrovirals to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission.  Numerator: Number of HIV-infected pregnant women who received antiretrovirals during the last 12 months to reduce mother-to-child transmission.  Denominator: Estimated number of HIV-infected pregnant women in the last 12 months.  Ranges are presented for countries with low and concentrated epidemics.  The purpose of this indicator is to assess progress in preventing vertical transmission of HIV.  All data reflect values representing 12 month period ending December 2007 which have been reconciled between reporting country and UNAIDS/WHO/UNICEF, unless otherwise noted.  All analysis of this indicator, including quoted country figures, reflect numerators which have gone through a tri agency reconciliation (UNAIDS/WHO/UNICEF) process and denominators which have been estimated directly from the UNAIDS/WHO Reference group on Estimates, Modelling and Projections methodology (Spectrum).  The reconciliation process ensured all agencies reported the same country endorsed figure which was the most recent and met the definition of HIV-infected women receiving antiretroviral drugs over the last 12 months, and thus reflect a full year. Every effort was made in cases of discrepancy across the three agencies to obtain approval from the country on a final indicator value.


IndicatorName: Number of HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals

Longdefinition:
Number of HIV-infected pregnant women who received antiretrovirals during the last 12 months to reduce mother-to-child transmission.  The purpose of this indicator is to assess progress in preventing vertical transmission of HIV.
All data reflect values representing 12 month period ending December 2007 which have been reconciled between reporting country and UNAIDS/WHO/UNICEF, unless otherwise noted.  All analysis of this indicator, including quoted country figures, reflect numerators which have gone through a tri agency reconciliation (UNAIDS/WHO/UNICEF) process and denominators which have been estimated directly from the UNAIDS/WHO Reference group on Estimates, Modelling and Projections methodology (Spectrum).  The reconciliation process ensured all agencies reported the same country endorsed figure which was the most recent and met the definition of HIV-infected women receiving antiretroviral drugs over the last 12 months, and thus reflect a full year. Every effort was made in cases of discrepancy across the three agencies to obtain approval from the country on a final indicator value.


IndicatorName: HIV positive pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals, using WHO/UNAIDS methodology (%)

Longdefinition: Percentage of HIV-infected pregnant women who received antiretrovirals to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission.  Numerator: Number of HIV-infected pregnant women who received antiretrovirals during the last 12 months to reduce mother-to-child transmission.  Denominator: Estimated number of HIV-infected pregnant women in the last 12 months.  The purpose of this indicator is to assess progress in preventing vertical transmission of HIV.  All data reflect values representing 12 month period ending December 2007 which have been reconciled between reporting country and UNAIDS/WHO/UNICEF, unless otherwise noted.  All analysis of this indicator, including quoted country figures, reflect numerators which have gone through a tri agency reconciliation (UNAIDS/WHO/UNICEF) process and denominators which have been estimated directly from the UNAIDS/WHO Reference group on Estimates, Modelling and Projections methodology (Spectrum).  The reconciliation process ensured all agencies reported the same country endorsed figure which was the most recent and met the definition of HIV-infected women receiving antiretroviral drugs over the last 12 months, and thus reflect a full year. Every effort was made in cases of discrepancy across the three agencies to obtain approval from the country on a final indicator value.


IndicatorName: People living with HIV/AIDS, total (high estimate)

Longdefinition: Estimated total number of people with HIV/AIDS is the number of people living with HIV. Depending on the reliability of the data available, there may be more or less uncertainty surrounding each estimate.


IndicatorName: People living with HIV/AIDS, total (low estimate)

Shortdefinition: Estimated total number of people with HIV/AIDS is the number of people living with HIV. Depending on the reliability of the data available, there may be more or less uncertainty surrounding each estimate.


IndicatorName: People living with HIV/AIDS, total


IndicatorName: Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months)

Longdefinition: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.

Source: WHO and UNICEF (http://www.who.int/immunization_monitoring/routine/en/).


IndicatorName: Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)

Longdefinition: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.


IndicatorName: Community health workers (per 1,000 people)

Longdefinition: Community health workers include various types of community health aides, many with country-specific occupational titles such as community health officers, community health-education workers, family health workers, lady health visitors and health extension package workers.

Source: World Health Organization, OECD, supplemented by country data.

Topic: Health: Health services


IndicatorName: Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people)

Longdefinition: Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses.

Source: World Health Organization, Global Atlas of the Health Workforce. For latest updates and metadata, see http://apps.who.int/globalatlas/.


IndicatorName: Physicians (per 1,000 people)

Longdefinition: Physicians include generalist and specialist medical practitioners.


IndicatorName: Reported clinical malaria cases (total)

Limitationsandexceptions: To interpret these numbers, one needs to consider both epidemiological patterns and data collection efforts in specific countries. Malaria is endemic to certain geographical regions, but extremely rare elsewhere. Despite ongoing efforts to enhance disease

Longdefinition: Number of clinical malaria cases reported are the sum of cases confirmed by slide examination or RDT and probable and unconfirmed cases (cases that were not tested but treated as malaria). NMCPs often collect data on the number of suspected cases, those t

Source: World Health Organization Global Malaria Programme (http://www.who.int/malaria/world_malaria_report_2009/all_mal2009_annexes.pdf)


IndicatorName: Deaths among children under five years of age due to malaria (%)

Longdefinition: Malaria mortality is the percentage of deaths due to malaria among children under five years.  Malaria was the underlying cause of death, that is, the disease which initiated the train of morbid events leading directly to death. This is the distribution of main causes of death among children aged < 5 years, expressed as percentage of total deaths.

Source: World Health Organisation.


IndicatorName: Reported malaria deaths (total)

Longdefinition: Reported malaria deaths include all deaths in health facilities that are attributed to malaria, whether or not confirmed by microscopy or by RDT.   Deaths reported before 2000 can be probable and confirmed or only confirmed deaths depending on the country


IndicatorName: Households with one or more insect-treated mosquito net (%)

Longdefinition: Percentage of households owning at least one insecticide-treated bednet (ITN).

Source: DHS, MICS, MIS or MoH surveys.


IndicatorName: Use of insecticide-treated bed nets (% of under-5 population)

Longdefinition: Use of insecticide-treated bed nets refers to the percentage of children under age five who slept under an insecticide-treated bednet to prevent malaria.

Source: UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International.


IndicatorName: Pregnant women who took at least 2 doses of intermittent preventative treatment (%)

Longdefinition: Percentage of pregnant women reporting to have received IPT (intermittent preventive treatment; 2 or more doses).


IndicatorName: Children with fever receiving antimalarial drugs (% of children under age 5 with fever)

Longdefinition: Malaria treatment refers to the percentage of children under age five who were ill with fever in the last two weeks and received any appropriate (locally defined) anti-malarial drugs.


IndicatorName: Improved sanitation facilities (% of population with access)

Longdefinition: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.


IndicatorName: Improved sanitation facilities, rural (% of rural population with access)

Shortdefinition: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.


IndicatorName: Improved sanitation facilities, urban (% of urban population with access)


IndicatorName: Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

Longdefinition: Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns.

Topic: Health: Reproductive health


IndicatorName: Low-birthweight babies (% of births)

Longdefinition: Low-birthweight babies are newborns weighing less than 2,500 grams, with the measurement taken within the first hours of life, before significant postnatal weight loss has occurred.

Topic: Health: Nutrition


IndicatorName: Malnutrition prevalence, weight for age (% of children under 5)

Longdefinition: Prevalence of child malnutrition is the percentage of children under age 5 whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. The data are based on the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.

Source: World Health Organization, Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition.


IndicatorName: Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Longdefinition: Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth, per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on fertility, birth attendants, and HIV prevalence.

Source: Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990-2008. Estimates Developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and the World Bank.


IndicatorName: Maternal mortality ratio (national estimate, per 100,000 live births)

Longdefinition: Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth, per 100,000 live births.


IndicatorName: Prevalence of overweight (% of children under 5)

Longdefinition: Prevalence of overweight children is the percentage of children under age 5 whose weight for height is more than two standard deviations above the median for the international reference population of the corresponding age as established by the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.


IndicatorName: Malnutrition prevalence, height for age (% of children under 5)

Longdefinition: Prevalence of child malnutrition is the percentage of children under age 5 whose height for age (stunting) is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. For children up to two years old height is measured by recumbent length. For older children height is measured by stature while standing. The data are based on the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.


IndicatorName: Tuberculosis treatment success rate (% of registered cases)

Longdefinition: Tuberculosis treatment success rate is the percentage of new, registered smear-positive (infectious) cases that were cured or in which a full course of treatment was completed.

Source: World Health Organization, Global Tuberculosis Control Report.


IndicatorName: Tuberculosis case detection rate (%, all forms)

Longdefinition: Tuberculosis case detection rate (all forms) is the percentage of newly notified tuberculosis cases (including relapses) to estimated incident cases (case detection, all forms).


IndicatorName: Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people)

Longdefinition: Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases.


IndicatorName: Incidence of tuberculosis, high uncertainty bound (per 100,000 people)

Shortdefinition: Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases.


IndicatorName: Incidence of tuberculosis, low uncertainty bound (per 100,000 people)


IndicatorName: Deaths due to tuberculosis among HIV-negative people (per 100,000 population)

Limitationsandexceptions:
Mortality due to TB can be measured directly only where there is a good death
registration system, with accurate coding of cause-of-death. The number of patients dying while receiving treatment for TB (as reported in routine follow-up of cohorts of TB pat

Longdefinition: The estimated number of deaths attributable to tuberculosis (TB) in a given time period.


IndicatorName: Deaths due to tuberculosis among HIV-negative people, high uncertainty bound (per 100,000 population)

Shortdefinition: The estimated number of deaths attributable to tuberculosis (TB) in a given time period.


IndicatorName: Deaths due to tuberculosis among HIV-negative people, low uncertainty bound (per 100,000 population)


Generalcomments: Estimates of TB prevalence are based on a consultative and analytical  process led by WHO and are published annually. Uncertainty bounds are  provided in addition to best estimates.  Where available, TB prevalence surveys are used to estimate prevalence.

IndicatorName: Tuberculosis prevalence rate (per 1000,000 population, WHO)

Longdefinition: The number of cases of tuberculosis (all forms) in a population at a given point in time (the middle of the calendar year), expressed as the rate per 100 000 population. It is sometimes referred to as "point prevalence". Estimates include cases of TB in people with HIV.  Published values are rounded to three significant figures. Uncertainty bounds are provided in addition to best estimates.


IndicatorName: Tuberculosis prevalence rate, high uncertainty bound (per 1000,000 population, WHO)

Longdefinition: The number of cases of tuberculosis (all forms) in a population at a given point in time (the middle of the calendar year), expressed as the rate per 100 000 population. It is sometimes referred to as "point prevalence" high uncertainty bound. Estimates include cases of TB in people with HIV.  Published values are rounded to three significant figures. Uncertainty bounds are provided in addition to best estimates.


IndicatorName: Tuberculosis prevalence rate, low uncertainty bound (per 1000,000 population, WHO)

Longdefinition: The number of cases of tuberculosis (all forms) in a population at a given point in time (the middle of the calendar year), expressed as the rate per 100 000 population. It is sometimes referred to as "point prevalence" low uncertainty bound. Estimates include cases of TB in people with HIV.  Published values are rounded to three significant figures. Uncertainty bounds are provided in addition to best estimates.


Generalcomments: The latest updates on these data are accessible in WHO's National Health Accounts (NHA) website (http://www.who.int/nha/en/).

IndicatorName: External resources for health (% of total expenditure on health)

Longdefinition: External resources for health are funds or services in kind that are provided by entities not part of the country in question. The resources may come from international organizations, other countries through bilateral arrangements, or foreign nongovernmental organizations. These resources are part of total health expenditure.

Source: World Health Organization National Health Account database (www.who.int/nha/en) supplemented by country data.


IndicatorName: Out-of-pocket health expenditure (% of total expenditure on health)

Longdefinition: Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure.

Source: World Health Organization National Health Account database (www.who.int/nha/country/en/index.html) supplemented by country data.


IndicatorName: Out-of-pocket health expenditure (% of private expenditure on health)

Shortdefinition: Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure.


IndicatorName: Health expenditure per capita (current US$)

Longdefinition: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Government health expenditure per capita (current US$)

Longdefinition: General government expenditure corresponds to the consolidated outlays of all levels of government: territorial authorities (Central/Federal Government, Provincial/Regional/State/District authorities, Municipal/ Local governments), social security institutions and extra budgetary funds, including capital outlays. It is provided by the Central Bank/Ministry of Finance to the International Monetary Fund or by the United Nations Statistics Department.

Source: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/nha/country/en/)


IndicatorName: Health expenditure per capita, PPP (constant 2005 international $)

Longdefinition: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in international dollars converted using 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) rates.


IndicatorName: Health expenditure, private (% of total health expenditure)

Longdefinition: Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations.


IndicatorName: Private prepaid plans (% of private expenditure on health)

Longdefinition: Prepaid and risk-pooling plans are the expenditure on health by private insurance institutions.  Private insurance enrolment may be contractual or voluntary, and conditions and benefits or basket of benefits are agreed on a voluntary basis between the insurance agent and the beneficiaries.  They are thus not controlled by government units for the purpose of providing social benefits to members.


IndicatorName: Health expenditure, private (% of GDP)

Shortdefinition: Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations.


IndicatorName: Health expenditure, public (% of total health expenditure)

Longdefinition: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds. Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.


IndicatorName: Health expenditure, public (% of government expenditure)

Longdefinition: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.


IndicatorName: Health expenditure, public (% of GDP)

Shortdefinition: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.


IndicatorName: Social Security expenditure on health (% government expenditure on health)

Longdefinition: Social security funds comprise the expenditure on health by social security institutions. Social security or national health insurance schemes are imposed and controlled by government units for the purpose of providing social benefits to members of the community as a whole or to particular segments of the community. They include direct outlays to medical care providers and to suppliers of medical goods as well as reimbursements to households and the supply of services in kind to the enrollees.


IndicatorName: Health expenditure (current US$)

Longdefinition: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.

Source: World Health Organization, World Health Report and updates and from the OECD for its member countries, supplemented by World Bank poverty assessments and country and sector studies. Note: The latest updates on these data are accessible in WHO's National H


IndicatorName: Health expenditure, total (% of GDP)

Shortdefinition: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.


IndicatorName: Income share held by second 20%

Longdefinition: Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.

Source: World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/jsp/index.jsp).

Topic: Poverty: Income distribution


IndicatorName: Income share held by third 20%

Shortdefinition: Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.


IndicatorName: Income share held by fourth 20%


IndicatorName: Income share held by highest 20%


IndicatorName: Income share held by highest 10%

Longdefinition: Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles.


IndicatorName: Income share held by lowest 10%

Shortdefinition: Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles.


IndicatorName: Income share held by lowest 20%


IndicatorName: Poverty headcount ratio at $2 a day (PPP) (% of population)

Longdefinition: Population below $2 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $2.00 a day at 2005 international prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions.

Topic: Poverty: Poverty rates


IndicatorName: Poverty headcount ratio at $1.25 a day (PPP) (% of population)

Longdefinition: Population below $1.25 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $1.25 a day at 2005 international prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions.


IndicatorName: Poverty gap at $2 a day (PPP) (%)

Longdefinition: Poverty gap is the mean shortfall from the poverty line (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence.


IndicatorName: Poverty gap at $1.25 a day (PPP) (%)

Shortdefinition: Poverty gap is the mean shortfall from the poverty line (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence.


IndicatorName: GINI index

Longdefinition: Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality.


IndicatorName: Poverty gap at national poverty line (%)

Longdefinition:
Poverty gap at national poverty line is the mean shortfall from the poverty line (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall) as a percentage of
the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence.

Source: Global Poverty Working Group. Data are based on World Bank's country poverty assessments and country Poverty Reduction Strategies.


IndicatorName: Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of population)

Longdefinition: National poverty rate is the percentage of the population living below the national poverty line. National estimates are based on population-weighted subgroup estimates from household surveys.


IndicatorName: Poverty gap at rural poverty line (%)

Longdefinition:
Poverty gap at rural poverty line is the mean shortfall from the poverty line (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall) as a percentage of
the national rural poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence.


IndicatorName: Poverty headcount ratio at rural poverty line (% of rural population)

Longdefinition: Rural poverty rate is the percentage of the rural population living below the national rural poverty line.


IndicatorName: Poverty gap at urban poverty line (%)

Longdefinition:
Poverty gap at urban poverty line is the mean shortfall from the poverty line (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall) as a percentage of
the national urban poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence.


IndicatorName: Poverty headcount ratio at urban poverty line (% of urban population)

Longdefinition: Urban poverty rate is the percentage of the urban population living below the national urban poverty line.


Generalcomments: The time series may not be comparable across countries and over time due to different types and quality of surveys.

IndicatorName: Child employment in agriculture, female (% of female economically active children ages 7-14)

Longdefinition: Employment by economic activity refers to the distribution of economically active children by the major industrial categories (ISIC revision 2 or revision 3). Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes agriculture and hunting, forestry and logging, and fishing. Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.

Source: Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.

Topic: Labor & Social Protection: Economic activity


IndicatorName: Child employment in agriculture, male (% of male economically active children ages 7-14)

Shortdefinition: Employment by economic activity refers to the distribution of economically active children by the major industrial categories (ISIC revision 2 or revision 3). Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes agriculture and hunting, forestry and logging, and fishing. Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.


IndicatorName: Child employment in agriculture (% of economically active children ages 7-14)


IndicatorName: Employees, agriculture, female (% of female employment)

Longdefinition: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing.

Source: International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.


IndicatorName: Employees, agriculture, male (% of male employment)

Shortdefinition: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing.


IndicatorName: Employment in agriculture (% of total employment)


IndicatorName: Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, female (%)

Longdefinition: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.


IndicatorName: Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, male (%)

Shortdefinition: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.


IndicatorName: Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total (%)


IndicatorName: Share of women employed in the nonagricultural sector (% of total nonagricultural employment)

Longdefinition: Share of women employed in the nonagricultural sector is the share of female workers in the nonagricultural sector (industry and services), expressed as a percentage of total employment in the nonagricultural sector. Industry includes mining and quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing, construction, electricity, gas, and water, corresponding to divisions 2-5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories C-F (ISIC revision 3). Services include wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services-corresponding to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories G-P (ISIC revision 3).


IndicatorName: Self-employed, female (% of females employed)

Longdefinition: Self employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs."


IndicatorName: Self-employed, male (% of males employed)

Shortdefinition: Self employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs."


IndicatorName: Self-employed, total (% of total employed)


IndicatorName: Total employment, total (ages 15+)

Longdefinition: Total employment shows the total number employed ages 15 and over.


IndicatorName: Total employment, female (ages 15+)

Shortdefinition: Total employment shows the total number employed ages 15 and over.


IndicatorName: Total employment, male (ages 15+)


IndicatorName: Employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%)

Longdefinition: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.


IndicatorName: Employment to population ratio, 15+, male (%)

Shortdefinition: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.


IndicatorName: Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%)


IndicatorName: Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment)

Longdefinition: Vulnerable employment is unpaid family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.


IndicatorName: Vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment)

Shortdefinition: Vulnerable employment is unpaid family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.


IndicatorName: Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment)


IndicatorName: Wage and salaried workers, female (% of females employed)

Longdefinition: Wage and salaried workers (employees) are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as "paid employment jobs," where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work.


IndicatorName: Wage and salary workers, male (% of males employed)

Shortdefinition: Wage and salaried workers (employees) are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as "paid employment jobs," where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work.


IndicatorName: Wage and salaried workers, total (% of total employed)


IndicatorName: Contributing family workers, female (% of females employed)

Longdefinition: Contributing family workers are those workers who hold "self-employment jobs" as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.


IndicatorName: Contributing family workers, male (% of males employed)

Shortdefinition: Contributing family workers are those workers who hold "self-employment jobs" as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.


IndicatorName: Contributing family workers, total (% of total employed)


IndicatorName: GDP per person employed (constant 1990 PPP $)

Longdefinition: GDP per person employed is gross domestic product (GDP) divided by total employment in the economy. Purchasing power parity (PPP) GDP is GDP converted to 1990 constant international dollars using PPP rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP that a U.S. dollar has in the United States.


IndicatorName: GDP per person employed (annual % growth)

Longdefinition: GDP per person employed is gross domestic product (GDP) divided by total employment in the economy.


IndicatorName: Employees, industry, female (% of female employment)

Longdefinition: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Industry corresponds to divisions 2-5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories C-F (ISIC revision 3) and includes mining and quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water).


IndicatorName: Employees, industry, male (% of male employment)

Shortdefinition: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Industry corresponds to divisions 2-5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories C-F (ISIC revision 3) and includes mining and quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water).


IndicatorName: Employment in industry (% of total employment)


IndicatorName: Child employment in manufacturing, female (% of female economically active children ages 7-14)

Longdefinition: Employment by economic activity refers to the distribution of economically active children by the major industrial categories (ISIC revision 2 or revision 3). Manufacturing corresponds to division 3 (ISIC revision 2) or category D (ISIC revision 3). Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.


IndicatorName: Child employment in manufacturing, male (% of male economically active children ages 7-14)

Shortdefinition: Employment by economic activity refers to the distribution of economically active children by the major industrial categories (ISIC revision 2 or revision 3). Manufacturing corresponds to division 3 (ISIC revision 2) or category D (ISIC revision 3). Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.


IndicatorName: Child employment in manufacturing (% of economically active children ages 7-14)


IndicatorName: Child employment in services, female (% of female economically active children ages 7-14)

Longdefinition: Employment by economic activity refers to the distribution of economically active children by the major industrial categories (ISIC revision 2 or revision 3). Services correspond to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2) or categories G-P (ISIC revision 3) and include wholesale and retail trade, hotels and restaurants, transport, financial intermediation, real estate, public administration, education, health and social work, other community services, and private household activity. Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.


IndicatorName: Child employment in services, male (% of male economically active children ages 7-14)

Shortdefinition: Employment by economic activity refers to the distribution of economically active children by the major industrial categories (ISIC revision 2 or revision 3). Services correspond to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2) or categories G-P (ISIC revision 3) and include wholesale and retail trade, hotels and restaurants, transport, financial intermediation, real estate, public administration, education, health and social work, other community services, and private household activity. Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.


IndicatorName: Child employment in services (% of economically active children ages 7-14)


IndicatorName: Employees, services, female (% of female employment)

Longdefinition: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Services correspond to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories G-P (ISIC revision 3) and include wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services.


IndicatorName: Employees, services, male (% of male employment)

Shortdefinition: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Services correspond to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories G-P (ISIC revision 3) and include wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services.


IndicatorName: Employment in services (% of total employment)


IndicatorName: Economically active children, female (% of female children ages 7-14)

Longdefinition: Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.


IndicatorName: Economically active children, male (% of male children ages 7-14)

Shortdefinition: Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.


IndicatorName: Economically active children, study and work, female (% of female economically active children, ages 7-14)

Longdefinition: Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey. Study and work refer to children attending school in combination with economic activity.


IndicatorName: Economically active children, study and work, male (% of male economically active children, ages 7-14)

Shortdefinition: Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey. Study and work refer to children attending school in combination with economic activity.


IndicatorName: Economically active children, study and work (% of economically active children, ages 7-14)


IndicatorName: Economically active children, work only, female (% of female economically active children, ages 7-14)

Longdefinition: Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey. Work only refers to children involved in economic activity and not attending school.


IndicatorName: Economically active children, work only, male (% of male economically active children, ages 7-14)

Shortdefinition: Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey. Work only refers to children involved in economic activity and not attending school.


IndicatorName: Economically active children, work only (% of economically active children, ages 7-14)


IndicatorName: Economically active children, total (% of children ages 7-14)


IndicatorName: Labor force (15-24 years), female

Longdefinition: Total labor force comprises people ages 15 to 24 who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector.

Topic: Labor & Social Protection: Labor force structure


IndicatorName: Youth labor force, female (% of total labor force 15-24 years)

Longdefinition: Female labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises people ages 15-24 who meet the International Labour Organization's definition of the economically active population.


IndicatorName: Youth labor force, total

Longdefinition: Total labor force comprises people ages 15-24 who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector.


IndicatorName: Labor force (15-24 years), male

Shortdefinition: Total labor force comprises people ages 15 to 24 who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector.


IndicatorName: Labor force (15-24 years), male (% of total labor force 15-24 years)

Longdefinition: Male labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises people ages 15 to 24 who meet the International Labour Organization's definition of the economically active population.


IndicatorName: Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15-24)

Longdefinition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.  The participation rates are harmonized to account for differences in national data collection and tabulation methodologies as well as for other country-specific factors such as military service requirements. The series includes both nationally reported and imputed data and only estimates that are national, meaning there are no geographic limitations in coverage.


IndicatorName: Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15-24)

Shortdefinition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.


IndicatorName: Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15-24)


IndicatorName: Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15-64)

Longdefinition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.


IndicatorName: Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15-64)

Shortdefinition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.


IndicatorName: Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15-64)


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, female (% of female population ages 25-34)

Longdefinition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 25-34 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.  The participation rates are harmonized to account for differences in national data collection and tabulation methodologies as well as for other country-specific factors such as military service requirements. The series includes both nationally reported and imputed data and only estimates that are national, meaning there are no geographic limitations in coverage.


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, male (% of male population ages 25-34)

Shortdefinition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 25-34 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, total (% of total population ages 25-34)


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, female (% of female population ages 25-54)

Longdefinition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 25-54 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.  The participation rates are harmonized to account for differences in national data collection and tabulation methodologies as well as for other country-specific factors such as military service requirements. The series includes both nationally reported and imputed data and only estimates that are national, meaning there are no geographic limitations in coverage.


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, male (% of male population ages 25-54)

Shortdefinition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 25-54 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, total (% of total population ages 25-54)


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, female (% of female population ages 35-54)

Longdefinition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 35-54 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.  The participation rates are harmonized to account for differences in national data collection and tabulation methodologies as well as for other country-specific factors such as military service requirements. The series includes both nationally reported and imputed data and only estimates that are national, meaning there are no geographic limitations in coverage.


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, male (% of male population ages 35-54)

Shortdefinition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 35-54 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, total (% of total population ages 35-54)


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, female (% of female population ages 55-64)

Longdefinition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 55-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.  The participation rates are harmonized to account for differences in national data collection and tabulation methodologies as well as for other country-specific factors such as military service requirements. The series includes both nationally reported and imputed data and only estimates that are national, meaning there are no geographic limitations in coverage.


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, male (% of male population ages 55-64)

Shortdefinition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 55-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, total (% of total population ages 55-64)


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, female (% of female population ages 65+)

Longdefinition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 65 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.  The participation rates are harmonized to account for differences in national data collection and tabulation methodologies as well as for other country-specific factors such as military service requirements. The series includes both nationally reported and imputed data and only estimates that are national, meaning there are no geographic limitations in coverage.


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, male (% of male population ages 65+)

Shortdefinition: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 65 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, total (% of total population ages 65+)


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+)


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+)


IndicatorName: Labor participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+)


IndicatorName: Labor force with primary education (% of total)

Longdefinition: Labor force with primary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a primary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.


IndicatorName: Labor force with secondary education (% of total)

Longdefinition: Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.


IndicatorName: Labor force with tertiary education (% of total)

Longdefinition: Labor force with tertiary education is the proportion of labor force that has a tertiary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.


IndicatorName: Labor force, female

Longdefinition: Female labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector.


IndicatorName: Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

Longdefinition: Female labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organization's definition of the economically active population.

Source: International Labour Organization, using World Bank population estimates.


IndicatorName: Labor force, total

Longdefinition: Total labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector.


IndicatorName: Labor force, male

Longdefinition: Male labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector.


IndicatorName: Labor force (15+ years), male (% of total labor force)

Longdefinition: Female labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises all people who meet the International Labour Organization's definition of the economically active population.

Source: International Labour Organization.


IndicatorName: Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15-24)

Longdefinition: Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.

Topic: Labor & Social Protection: Unemployment


IndicatorName: Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15-24)

Shortdefinition: Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.


IndicatorName: Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24)


IndicatorName: Long-term unemployment, female (% of female unemployment)

Longdefinition: Long-term unemployment refers to the number of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer, expressed as a percentage of the total unemployed.


IndicatorName: Long-term unemployment, male (% of male unemployment)

Shortdefinition: Long-term unemployment refers to the number of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer, expressed as a percentage of the total unemployed.


IndicatorName: Long-term unemployment (% of total unemployment)


IndicatorName: Unemployment with primary education, female (% of female unemployment)

Longdefinition: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).


IndicatorName: Unemployment with primary education, male (% of male unemployment)

Shortdefinition: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).


IndicatorName: Unemployment with primary education (% of total unemployment)


IndicatorName: Unemployment with secondary education, female (% of female unemployment)


IndicatorName: Unemployment with secondary education, male (% of male unemployment)


IndicatorName: Unemployment with secondary education (% of total unemployment)


IndicatorName: Unemployment with tertiary education, female (% of female unemployment)


IndicatorName: Unemployment with tertiary education, male (% of male unemployment)


IndicatorName: Unemployment with tertiary education (% of total unemployment)


IndicatorName: Unemployment, female (% of female labor force)

Longdefinition: Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.


IndicatorName: Unemployment, male (% of male labor force)

Shortdefinition: Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.


IndicatorName: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force)


IndicatorName: Emigration rate of tertiary educated (% of total tertiary educated population)

Longdefinition: Emigration rate of tertiary educated shows the stock of emigrants ages 25 and older, residing in an OECD country other than that in which they were born, with at least one year of tertiary education as a percentage of the population age 25 and older with tertiary education.

Source: Frédéric Docquier, B. Lindsay Lowell, and Abdeslam Marfouk's , "A Gendered Assessment of Highly Skilled Emigration" (2009).

Topic: Labor & Social Protection: Migration


IndicatorName: Net migration

Longdefinition: Net migration is the net total of migrants during the period, that is, the total number of immigrants less the annual number of emigrants, including both citizens and noncitizens. Data are five-year estimates. To derive estimates of net migration, the United Nations Population Division takes into account the past migration history of a country or area, the migration policy of a country, and the influx of refugees in recent periods. The data to calculate these official estimates come from a variety of sources, including border statistics, administrative records, surveys, and censuses. When no official estimates can be made because of insufficient data, net migration is derived through the balance equation, which is the difference between overall population growth and the natural increase during the 1990-2000 intercensal period.

Shortdefinition: Net migration is the number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants, including citizens and noncitizens, for the five-year period.

Source: United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects 2008.


IndicatorName: Refugee population by country or territory of asylum

Longdefinition: Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of asylum is the country where an asylum claim was filed and granted.

Shortdefinition: Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers -- people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of asylum is the country where an asylum claim was filed and granted.

Source: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Statistical Yearbook and data files, complemented by statistics on Palestinian refugees under the mandate of the UNRWA as published on its website. Data from UNHCR are available online at: www.unhcr.org/statistics/populationdatabase.


IndicatorName: Refugee population by country or territory of origin

Longdefinition: Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of origin generally refers to the nationality or country of citizenship of a claimant.


IndicatorName: International migrant stock, total

Longdefinition: International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data.

Shortdefinition: International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live, including refugees.

Source: United Nations Population Division, Trends in Total Migrant Stock: 2008 Revision.


IndicatorName: International migrant stock (% of population)


IndicatorName: Prevalence of undernourishment (population)

Longdefinition: Population below minimum dietary energy consumption is the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously.

Source: Food and Agricultural Organization.