IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 3

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 482 but lower than or equal to 545 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 3, students can execute clearly described procedures, including those that require sequential decisions. Their interpretations are sufficiently sound to be a base for building a simple model or for selecting and applying simple problem- solving strategies. Students at this level can interpret and use representations based on different information sources and reason directly from them. They typically show some ability to handle percentages, fractions and decimal numbers, and to work with proportional relationships. Their solutions reflect that they have engaged in basic interpretation and reasoning. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 3

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 482 but lower than or equal to 545 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 3, students can execute clearly described procedures, including those that require sequential decisions. Their interpretations are sufficiently sound to be a base for building a simple model or for selecting and applying simple problem- solving strategies. Students at this level can interpret and use representations based on different information sources and reason directly from them. They typically show some ability to handle percentages, fractions and decimal numbers, and to work with proportional relationships. Their solutions reflect that they have engaged in basic interpretation and reasoning. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

Source: OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA)

Topic: Learning Outcomes


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 4

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 545 but lower than or equal to 607 on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 4, students can work effectively with explicit models for complex concrete situations that may involve constraints or call for making assumptions. They can select and integrate different representations, including symbolic, linking them directly to aspects of real-world situations. Students at this level can utilize their limited range of skills and can reason with some insight, in straightforward contexts. They can construct and communicate explanations and arguments based on their interpretations, arguments, and actions. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 4

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 545 but lower than or equal to 607 on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 4, students can work effectively with explicit models for complex concrete situations that may involve constraints or call for making assumptions. They can select and integrate different representations, including symbolic, linking them directly to aspects of real-world situations. Students at this level can utilize their limited range of skills and can reason with some insight, in straightforward contexts. They can construct and communicate explanations and arguments based on their interpretations, arguments, and actions. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 4

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 545 but lower than or equal to 607 on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 4, students can work effectively with explicit models for complex concrete situations that may involve constraints or call for making assumptions. They can select and integrate different representations, including symbolic, linking them directly to aspects of real-world situations. Students at this level can utilize their limited range of skills and can reason with some insight, in straightforward contexts. They can construct and communicate explanations and arguments based on their interpretations, arguments, and actions. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 5

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 607 but lower than or equal to 669 on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 5, students can develop and work with models for complex situations, identifying constraints and specifying assumptions. They can select, compare, and evaluate appropriate problem-solving strategies for dealing with complex problems related to these models. Students at this level can work strategically using broad, well-developed thinking and reasoning skills, appropriate linked representations, symbolic and formal characterizations, and insight pertaining to these situations. They begin to reflect on their work and can formulate and communicate their interpretations and reasoning. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 5

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 607 but lower than or equal to 669 on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 5, students can develop and work with models for complex situations, identifying constraints and specifying assumptions. They can select, compare, and evaluate appropriate problem-solving strategies for dealing with complex problems related to these models. Students at this level can work strategically using broad, well-developed thinking and reasoning skills, appropriate linked representations, symbolic and formal characterizations, and insight pertaining to these situations. They begin to reflect on their work and can formulate and communicate their interpretations and reasoning. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 5

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 607 but lower than or equal to 669 on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 5, students can develop and work with models for complex situations, identifying constraints and specifying assumptions. They can select, compare, and evaluate appropriate problem-solving strategies for dealing with complex problems related to these models. Students at this level can work strategically using broad, well-developed thinking and reasoning skills, appropriate linked representations, symbolic and formal characterizations, and insight pertaining to these situations. They begin to reflect on their work and can formulate and communicate their interpretations and reasoning. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 6

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 669 on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 6, students can conceptualize, generalize and utilize information based on their investigations and modeling of complex problem situations, and can use their knowledge in relatively non-standard contexts. They can link different information sources and representations and flexibly translate among them. Students at this level are capable of advanced mathematical thinking and reasoning. These students can apply this insight and understanding, along with a mastery of symbolic and formal mathematical operations and relationships, to develop new approaches and strategies for attacking novel situations. Students at this level can reflect on their actions, and can formulate and precisely communicate their actions and reflections regarding their findings, interpretations, arguments, and the appropriateness of these to the original situation. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 6

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 669 on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 6, students can conceptualize, generalize and utilize information based on their investigations and modeling of complex problem situations, and can use their knowledge in relatively non-standard contexts. They can link different information sources and representations and flexibly translate among them. Students at this level are capable of advanced mathematical thinking and reasoning. These students can apply this insight and understanding, along with a mastery of symbolic and formal mathematical operations and relationships, to develop new approaches and strategies for attacking novel situations. Students at this level can reflect on their actions, and can formulate and precisely communicate their actions and reflections regarding their findings, interpretations, arguments, and the appropriateness of these to the original situation. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 6

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 669 on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 6, students can conceptualize, generalize and utilize information based on their investigations and modeling of complex problem situations, and can use their knowledge in relatively non-standard contexts. They can link different information sources and representations and flexibly translate among them. Students at this level are capable of advanced mathematical thinking and reasoning. These students can apply this insight and understanding, along with a mastery of symbolic and formal mathematical operations and relationships, to develop new approaches and strategies for attacking novel situations. Students at this level can reflect on their actions, and can formulate and precisely communicate their actions and reflections regarding their findings, interpretations, arguments, and the appropriateness of these to the original situation. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Mean performance on the mathematics scale. Female

Longdefinition: Average score of 15-year-old female students on the PISA mathematics scale. The metric for the overall mathematics scale is based on a mean for OECD countries of 500 points and a standard deviation of 100 points. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Mean performance on the mathematics scale. Male

Longdefinition: Average score of 15-year-old male students on the PISA mathematics scale. The metric for the overall mathematics scale is based on a mean for OECD countries of 500 points and a standard deviation of 100 points. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Mathematics Scores: 5th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 5th percentile score is the score below which 5 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Mathematics Scores: 10th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 10th percentile score is the score below which 10 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Mathematics Scores: 25th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 25th percentile score is the score below which 25 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Mathematics Scores: 50th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 50th percentile score is the score below which 50 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

Othernotes: PISA


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Mathematics Scores: 75th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 75th percentile score is the score below which 75 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Mathematics Scores: 90th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 90th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Mathematics Scores: 95th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 95th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Mean performance on the reading scale

Longdefinition: Average score of 15-year-old students on the PISA reading scale. The metric for the overall reading scale is based on a mean for participating OECD countries set at 500, with a standard deviation of 100. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Below Level 1C

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring students below the lowest proficiency level (1C) on the PISA reading scale. Students with scores below Level 1C (less or equal to 189 points) usually do not succeed at the most basic reading tasks that PISA measures. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Below Level 1C

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring students below the lowest proficiency level (1C) on the PISA reading scale. Students with scores below Level 1C (less or equal to 189 points) usually do not succeed at the most basic reading tasks that PISA measures. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Below Level 1C

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring students below the lowest proficiency level (1C) on the PISA reading scale. Students with scores below Level 1C (less or equal to 189 points) usually do not succeed at the most basic reading tasks that PISA measures. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 1A

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 335 but lower than or equal to 407 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 1a can understand the literal meaning of sentences or short passages. Readers at this level can also recognize the main theme or the author’s purpose in a piece of text about a familiar topic, and make a simple connection between several adjacent pieces of information, or between the given information and their own prior knowledge. They can select a relevant page from a small set based on simple prompts, and locate one or more independent pieces of information within short texts. Level 1a readers can reflect on the overall purpose and on the relative importance of information (e.g. the main idea vs. non-essential detail) in simple texts containing explicit cues. Most tasks at this level contain explicit cues regarding what needs to be done, how to do it, and where in the text(s) readers should focus their attention. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Levels 1 to 5) than later assessments. PISA 2000/2003/2006 Level 1 data have been included in this database as Level 1A because they are based on an identical score range.  Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 1A

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 335 but lower than or equal to 407 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 1a can understand the literal meaning of sentences or short passages. Readers at this level can also recognize the main theme or the author’s purpose in a piece of text about a familiar topic, and make a simple connection between several adjacent pieces of information, or between the given information and their own prior knowledge. They can select a relevant page from a small set based on simple prompts, and locate one or more independent pieces of information within short texts. Level 1a readers can reflect on the overall purpose and on the relative importance of information (e.g. the main idea vs. non-essential detail) in simple texts containing explicit cues. Most tasks at this level contain explicit cues regarding what needs to be done, how to do it, and where in the text(s) readers should focus their attention. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Levels 1 to 5) than later assessments. PISA 2000/2003/2006 Level 1 data have been included in this database as Level 1A because they are based on an identical score range.  Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 1A

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 335 but lower than or equal to 407 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 1a can understand the literal meaning of sentences or short passages. Readers at this level can also recognize the main theme or the author’s purpose in a piece of text about a familiar topic, and make a simple connection between several adjacent pieces of information, or between the given information and their own prior knowledge. They can select a relevant page from a small set based on simple prompts, and locate one or more independent pieces of information within short texts. Level 1a readers can reflect on the overall purpose and on the relative importance of information (e.g. the main idea vs. non-essential detail) in simple texts containing explicit cues. Most tasks at this level contain explicit cues regarding what needs to be done, how to do it, and where in the text(s) readers should focus their attention. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Levels 1 to 5) than later assessments. PISA 2000/2003/2006 Level 1 data have been included in this database as Level 1A because they are based on an identical score range.  Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 1B

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 262 but lower than or equal to 335 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 1b can evaluate the literal meaning of simple sentences. They can also interpret the literal meaning of texts by making simple connections between adjacent pieces of information in the question and/or the text. Readers at this level can scan for and locate a single piece of prominently placed, explicitly stated information in a single sentence, a short text or a simple list. They can access a relevant page from a small set based on simple prompts when explicit cues are present. Tasks at Level 1b explicitly direct readers to consider relevant factors in the task and in the text. Texts at this level are short and typically provide support to the reader, such as through repetition of information, pictures or familiar symbols. There is minimal competing information. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Below Level 1 to Level 5) than later assessments. Data for 2000, 2003, and 2006 for Level 1B were not included in PISA reports, but values in this database were calculated based on the current Level 1B score range. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 1B

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 262 but lower than or equal to 335 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 1b can evaluate the literal meaning of simple sentences. They can also interpret the literal meaning of texts by making simple connections between adjacent pieces of information in the question and/or the text. Readers at this level can scan for and locate a single piece of prominently placed, explicitly stated information in a single sentence, a short text or a simple list. They can access a relevant page from a small set based on simple prompts when explicit cues are present. Tasks at Level 1b explicitly direct readers to consider relevant factors in the task and in the text. Texts at this level are short and typically provide support to the reader, such as through repetition of information, pictures or familiar symbols. There is minimal competing information. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Below Level 1 to Level 5) than later assessments. Data for 2000, 2003, and 2006 for Level 1B were not included in PISA reports, but values in this database were calculated based on the current Level 1B score range. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 1B

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 262 but lower than or equal to 335 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 1b can evaluate the literal meaning of simple sentences. They can also interpret the literal meaning of texts by making simple connections between adjacent pieces of information in the question and/or the text. Readers at this level can scan for and locate a single piece of prominently placed, explicitly stated information in a single sentence, a short text or a simple list. They can access a relevant page from a small set based on simple prompts when explicit cues are present. Tasks at Level 1b explicitly direct readers to consider relevant factors in the task and in the text. Texts at this level are short and typically provide support to the reader, such as through repetition of information, pictures or familiar symbols. There is minimal competing information. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Below Level 1 to Level 5) than later assessments. Data for 2000, 2003, and 2006 for Level 1B were not included in PISA reports, but values in this database were calculated based on the current Level 1B score range. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 1C

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 189 but lower than or equal to 262 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 1C can understand and affirm the meaning of short, syntactically simple sentences on a literal level, and read for a clear and simple purpose within a limited amount of time. Tasks at this level involve simple vocabulary and syntactic structures. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 1C

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 189 but lower than or equal to 262 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 1C can understand and affirm the meaning of short, syntactically simple sentences on a literal level, and read for a clear and simple purpose within a limited amount of time. Tasks at this level involve simple vocabulary and syntactic structures. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 1C

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 189 but lower than or equal to 262 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 1C can understand and affirm the meaning of short, syntactically simple sentences on a literal level, and read for a clear and simple purpose within a limited amount of time. Tasks at this level involve simple vocabulary and syntactic structures. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 2

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 407 but lower than or equal to 480 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 2 can identify the main idea in a piece of text of moderate length. They can understand relationships or construe meaning within a limited part of the text when the information is not prominent by producing basic inferences, and/or when the text(s) include some distracting information. They can select and access a page in a set based on explicit though sometimes complex prompts, and locate one or more pieces of information based on multiple, partly implicit criteria. Readers at Level 2 can, when explicitly cued, reflect on the overall purpose, or on the purpose of specific details, in texts of moderate length. They can reflect on simple visual or typographical features. They can compare claims and evaluate the reasons supporting them based on short, explicit statements. Tasks at Level 2 may involve comparisons or contrasts based on a single feature in the text. Typical reflective tasks at this level require readers to make a comparison or several connections between the text and outside knowledge by drawing on personal experience and attitudes. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Levels 1 to 5) than later assessments. PISA 2000/2003/2006 Level 2 data have been included in this database as Level 2 because they are based on an identical score range. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 2

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 407 but lower than or equal to 480 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 2 can identify the main idea in a piece of text of moderate length. They can understand relationships or construe meaning within a limited part of the text when the information is not prominent by producing basic inferences, and/or when the text(s) include some distracting information. They can select and access a page in a set based on explicit though sometimes complex prompts, and locate one or more pieces of information based on multiple, partly implicit criteria. Readers at Level 2 can, when explicitly cued, reflect on the overall purpose, or on the purpose of specific details, in texts of moderate length. They can reflect on simple visual or typographical features. They can compare claims and evaluate the reasons supporting them based on short, explicit statements. Tasks at Level 2 may involve comparisons or contrasts based on a single feature in the text. Typical reflective tasks at this level require readers to make a comparison or several connections between the text and outside knowledge by drawing on personal experience and attitudes. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Levels 1 to 5) than later assessments. PISA 2000/2003/2006 Level 2 data have been included in this database as Level 2 because they are based on an identical score range. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 2

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 407 but lower than or equal to 480 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 2 can identify the main idea in a piece of text of moderate length. They can understand relationships or construe meaning within a limited part of the text when the information is not prominent by producing basic inferences, and/or when the text(s) include some distracting information. They can select and access a page in a set based on explicit though sometimes complex prompts, and locate one or more pieces of information based on multiple, partly implicit criteria. Readers at Level 2 can, when explicitly cued, reflect on the overall purpose, or on the purpose of specific details, in texts of moderate length. They can reflect on simple visual or typographical features. They can compare claims and evaluate the reasons supporting them based on short, explicit statements. Tasks at Level 2 may involve comparisons or contrasts based on a single feature in the text. Typical reflective tasks at this level require readers to make a comparison or several connections between the text and outside knowledge by drawing on personal experience and attitudes. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Levels 1 to 5) than later assessments. PISA 2000/2003/2006 Level 2 data have been included in this database as Level 2 because they are based on an identical score range. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 3

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 480 but lower than or equal to 553 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 3 can represent the literal meaning of single or multiple texts in the absence of explicit content or organizational clues. Readers can integrate content and generate both basic and more advanced inferences. They can also integrate several parts of a piece of text in order to identify the main idea, understand a relationship or construe the meaning of a word or phrase when the required information is featured on a single page. They can search for information based on indirect prompts, and locate target information that is not in a prominent position and/or is in the presence of distractors. In some cases, readers at this level recognize the relationship between several pieces of information based on multiple criteria. Level 3 readers can reflect on a piece of text or a small set of texts, and compare and contrast several authors’ viewpoints based on explicit information. Reflective tasks at this level may require the reader to perform comparisons, generate explanations or evaluate a feature of the text. Some reflective tasks require readers to demonstrate a detailed understanding of a piece of text dealing with a familiar topic, whereas others require a basic understanding of less-familiar content. Tasks at Level 3 require the reader to take many features into account when comparing, contrasting or categorizing information. The required information is often not prominent or there may be a considerable amount of competing information. Texts typical of this level may include other obstacles, such as ideas that are contrary to expectation or negatively worded. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Levels 1 to 5) than later assessments. PISA 2000/2003/2006 Level 3 data have been included in this database as Level 3 because they are based on an identical score range. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 3

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 480 but lower than or equal to 553 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 3 can represent the literal meaning of single or multiple texts in the absence of explicit content or organizational clues. Readers can integrate content and generate both basic and more advanced inferences. They can also integrate several parts of a piece of text in order to identify the main idea, understand a relationship or construe the meaning of a word or phrase when the required information is featured on a single page. They can search for information based on indirect prompts, and locate target information that is not in a prominent position and/or is in the presence of distractors. In some cases, readers at this level recognize the relationship between several pieces of information based on multiple criteria. Level 3 readers can reflect on a piece of text or a small set of texts, and compare and contrast several authors’ viewpoints based on explicit information. Reflective tasks at this level may require the reader to perform comparisons, generate explanations or evaluate a feature of the text. Some reflective tasks require readers to demonstrate a detailed understanding of a piece of text dealing with a familiar topic, whereas others require a basic understanding of less-familiar content. Tasks at Level 3 require the reader to take many features into account when comparing, contrasting or categorizing information. The required information is often not prominent or there may be a considerable amount of competing information. Texts typical of this level may include other obstacles, such as ideas that are contrary to expectation or negatively worded. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Levels 1 to 5) than later assessments. PISA 2000/2003/2006 Level 3 data have been included in this database as Level 3 because they are based on an identical score range. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 3

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 480 but lower than or equal to 553 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 3 can represent the literal meaning of single or multiple texts in the absence of explicit content or organizational clues. Readers can integrate content and generate both basic and more advanced inferences. They can also integrate several parts of a piece of text in order to identify the main idea, understand a relationship or construe the meaning of a word or phrase when the required information is featured on a single page. They can search for information based on indirect prompts, and locate target information that is not in a prominent position and/or is in the presence of distractors. In some cases, readers at this level recognize the relationship between several pieces of information based on multiple criteria. Level 3 readers can reflect on a piece of text or a small set of texts, and compare and contrast several authors’ viewpoints based on explicit information. Reflective tasks at this level may require the reader to perform comparisons, generate explanations or evaluate a feature of the text. Some reflective tasks require readers to demonstrate a detailed understanding of a piece of text dealing with a familiar topic, whereas others require a basic understanding of less-familiar content. Tasks at Level 3 require the reader to take many features into account when comparing, contrasting or categorizing information. The required information is often not prominent or there may be a considerable amount of competing information. Texts typical of this level may include other obstacles, such as ideas that are contrary to expectation or negatively worded. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Levels 1 to 5) than later assessments. PISA 2000/2003/2006 Level 3 data have been included in this database as Level 3 because they are based on an identical score range. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 4

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 553 but lower than or equal to 626 on the PISA reading scale. At Level 4, readers can comprehend extended passages in single or multiple-text settings. They interpret the meaning of nuances of language in a section of text by taking into account the text as a whole. In other interpretative tasks, students demonstrate understanding and application of ad hoc categories. They can compare perspectives and draw inferences based on multiple sources. Readers can search, locate and integrate several pieces of embedded information in the presence of plausible distractors. They can generate inferences based on the task statement in order to assess the relevance of target information. They can handle tasks that require them to memories prior task context. In addition, students at this level can evaluate the relationship between specific statements and a person’s overall stance or conclusion about a topic. They can reflect on the strategies that authors use to convey their points, based on salient features of texts (e.g., titles and illustrations). They can compare and contrast claims explicitly made in several texts and assess the reliability of a source based on salient criteria. Texts at Level 4 are often long or complex, and their content or form may not be standard. Many of the tasks are situated in multiple-text settings. The texts and the tasks contain indirect or implicit cues. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Levels 1 to 5). PISA 2000/2003/2006 Level 4 data have been included in this database as Level 4 because they are based on an identical score range. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 4

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 553 but lower than or equal to 626 on the PISA reading scale. At Level 4, readers can comprehend extended passages in single or multiple-text settings. They interpret the meaning of nuances of language in a section of text by taking into account the text as a whole. In other interpretative tasks, students demonstrate understanding and application of ad hoc categories. They can compare perspectives and draw inferences based on multiple sources. Readers can search, locate and integrate several pieces of embedded information in the presence of plausible distractors. They can generate inferences based on the task statement in order to assess the relevance of target information. They can handle tasks that require them to memories prior task context. In addition, students at this level can evaluate the relationship between specific statements and a person’s overall stance or conclusion about a topic. They can reflect on the strategies that authors use to convey their points, based on salient features of texts (e.g., titles and illustrations). They can compare and contrast claims explicitly made in several texts and assess the reliability of a source based on salient criteria. Texts at Level 4 are often long or complex, and their content or form may not be standard. Many of the tasks are situated in multiple-text settings. The texts and the tasks contain indirect or implicit cues. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Levels 1 to 5). PISA 2000/2003/2006 Level 4 data have been included in this database as Level 4 because they are based on an identical score range. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 4

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 553 but lower than or equal to 626 on the PISA reading scale. At Level 4, readers can comprehend extended passages in single or multiple-text settings. They interpret the meaning of nuances of language in a section of text by taking into account the text as a whole. In other interpretative tasks, students demonstrate understanding and application of ad hoc categories. They can compare perspectives and draw inferences based on multiple sources. Readers can search, locate and integrate several pieces of embedded information in the presence of plausible distractors. They can generate inferences based on the task statement in order to assess the relevance of target information. They can handle tasks that require them to memories prior task context. In addition, students at this level can evaluate the relationship between specific statements and a person’s overall stance or conclusion about a topic. They can reflect on the strategies that authors use to convey their points, based on salient features of texts (e.g., titles and illustrations). They can compare and contrast claims explicitly made in several texts and assess the reliability of a source based on salient criteria. Texts at Level 4 are often long or complex, and their content or form may not be standard. Many of the tasks are situated in multiple-text settings. The texts and the tasks contain indirect or implicit cues. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Levels 1 to 5). PISA 2000/2003/2006 Level 4 data have been included in this database as Level 4 because they are based on an identical score range. Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 5

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 626 but lower than or equal to 698 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 5 can comprehend lengthy texts, inferring which information in the text is relevant even though the information of interest may be easily overlooked. They can perform causal or other forms of reasoning based on a deep understanding of extended pieces of text. They can also answer indirect questions by inferring the relationship between the question and one or several pieces of information distributed within or across multiple texts and sources. Reflective tasks require the production or critical evaluation of hypotheses, drawing on specific information. Readers can establish distinctions between content and purpose, and between fact and opinion as applied to complex or abstract statements. They can assess neutrality and bias based on explicit or implicit cues pertaining to both the content and/or source of the information. They can also draw conclusions regarding the reliability of the claims or conclusions offered in a piece of text. For all aspects of reading, tasks at Level 5 typically involve dealing with concepts that are abstract or counterintuitive, and going through several steps until the goal is reached. In addition, tasks at this level may require the reader to handle several long texts, switching back and forth across texts in order to compare and contrast information. In this database, 2000/2003/2006 Level 5 data are calculated figures based on the current Level 5 (626 to 698) rather than the figures presented for Level 5 (626+) in PISA Reports for 2000, 2003, and 2006. Use caution in comparing results across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 5

Longdefinition: Percentage of female 15-year-old students scoring higher than 626 but lower than or equal to 698 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 5 can comprehend lengthy texts, inferring which information in the text is relevant even though the information of interest may be easily overlooked. They can perform causal or other forms of reasoning based on a deep understanding of extended pieces of text. They can also answer indirect questions by inferring the relationship between the question and one or several pieces of information distributed within or across multiple texts and sources. Reflective tasks require the production or critical evaluation of hypotheses, drawing on specific information. Readers can establish distinctions between content and purpose, and between fact and opinion as applied to complex or abstract statements. They can assess neutrality and bias based on explicit or implicit cues pertaining to both the content and/or source of the information. They can also draw conclusions regarding the reliability of the claims or conclusions offered in a piece of text. For all aspects of reading, tasks at Level 5 typically involve dealing with concepts that are abstract or counterintuitive, and going through several steps until the goal is reached. In addition, tasks at this level may require the reader to handle several long texts, switching back and forth across texts in order to compare and contrast information. In this database, 2000/2003/2006 Level 5 data are calculated figures based on the current Level 5 (626 to 698) rather than the figures presented for Level 5 (626+) in PISA Reports for 2000, 2003, and 2006. Use caution in comparing results across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 5

Longdefinition: Percentage of male 15-year-old students scoring higher than 626 but lower than or equal to 698 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 5 can comprehend lengthy texts, inferring which information in the text is relevant even though the information of interest may be easily overlooked. They can perform causal or other forms of reasoning based on a deep understanding of extended pieces of text. They can also answer indirect questions by inferring the relationship between the question and one or several pieces of information distributed within or across multiple texts and sources. Reflective tasks require the production or critical evaluation of hypotheses, drawing on specific information. Readers can establish distinctions between content and purpose, and between fact and opinion as applied to complex or abstract statements. They can assess neutrality and bias based on explicit or implicit cues pertaining to both the content and/or source of the information. They can also draw conclusions regarding the reliability of the claims or conclusions offered in a piece of text. For all aspects of reading, tasks at Level 5 typically involve dealing with concepts that are abstract or counterintuitive, and going through several steps until the goal is reached. In addition, tasks at this level may require the reader to handle several long texts, switching back and forth across texts in order to compare and contrast information. In this database, 2000/2003/2006 Level 5 data are calculated figures based on the current Level 5 (626 to 698) rather than the figures presented for Level 5 (626+) in PISA Reports for 2000, 2003, and 2006. Use caution in comparing results across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 6

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 698 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 6 can comprehend lengthy and abstract texts in which the information of interest is deeply embedded and only indirectly related to the task. They can compare, contrast and integrate information representing multiple and potentially conflicting perspectives, using multiple criteria and generating inferences across distant pieces of information to determine how the information may be used. Readers at Level 6 can reflect deeply on the text’s source in relation to its content, using criteria external to the text. They can compare and contrast information across texts, identifying and resolving inter-textual discrepancies and conflicts through inferences about the sources of information, their explicit or vested interests, and other cues as to the validity of the information. Tasks at Level 6 typically require the reader to set up elaborate plans, combining multiple criteria and generating inferences to relate the task and the text(s). Materials at this level include one or several complex and abstract text(s), involving multiple and possibly discrepant perspectives. Target information may take the form of details that are deeply embedded within or across texts and potentially obscured by competing information. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Levels 1 to 5) than later assessments. Level 6 data were not available in the 2000/2003/2006 PISA Reports, so these figures were calculated based on the current PISA Reading Proficiency Level 6 (698+). Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 6

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 698 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 6 can comprehend lengthy and abstract texts in which the information of interest is deeply embedded and only indirectly related to the task. They can compare, contrast and integrate information representing multiple and potentially conflicting perspectives, using multiple criteria and generating inferences across distant pieces of information to determine how the information may be used. Readers at Level 6 can reflect deeply on the text’s source in relation to its content, using criteria external to the text. They can compare and contrast information across texts, identifying and resolving inter-textual discrepancies and conflicts through inferences about the sources of information, their explicit or vested interests, and other cues as to the validity of the information. Tasks at Level 6 typically require the reader to set up elaborate plans, combining multiple criteria and generating inferences to relate the task and the text(s). Materials at this level include one or several complex and abstract text(s), involving multiple and possibly discrepant perspectives. Target information may take the form of details that are deeply embedded within or across texts and potentially obscured by competing information. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Levels 1 to 5) than later assessments. Level 6 data were not available in the 2000/2003/2006 PISA Reports, so these figures were calculated based on the current PISA Reading Proficiency Level 6 (698+). Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by reading proficiency level (%). Level 6

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 698 on the PISA reading scale. Readers at Level 6 can comprehend lengthy and abstract texts in which the information of interest is deeply embedded and only indirectly related to the task. They can compare, contrast and integrate information representing multiple and potentially conflicting perspectives, using multiple criteria and generating inferences across distant pieces of information to determine how the information may be used. Readers at Level 6 can reflect deeply on the text’s source in relation to its content, using criteria external to the text. They can compare and contrast information across texts, identifying and resolving inter-textual discrepancies and conflicts through inferences about the sources of information, their explicit or vested interests, and other cues as to the validity of the information. Tasks at Level 6 typically require the reader to set up elaborate plans, combining multiple criteria and generating inferences to relate the task and the text(s). Materials at this level include one or several complex and abstract text(s), involving multiple and possibly discrepant perspectives. Target information may take the form of details that are deeply embedded within or across texts and potentially obscured by competing information. 2000, 2003, and 2006 PISA assessments used a different reading proficiency scale (Levels 1 to 5) than later assessments. Level 6 data were not available in the 2000/2003/2006 PISA Reports, so these figures were calculated based on the current PISA Reading Proficiency Level 6 (698+). Use caution in comparing proficiency scores across years. For more information on comparability of results, consult the PISA website: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Mean performance on the reading scale. Female

Longdefinition: Average score of 15-year-old female students on the PISA reading scale. The metric for the overall reading scale is based on a mean for participating OECD countries set at 500, with a standard deviation of 100. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Mean performance on the reading scale. Male

Longdefinition: Average score of 15-year-old male students on the PISA reading scale. The metric for the overall reading scale is based on a mean for participating OECD countries set at 500, with a standard deviation of 100. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Reading Scores: 5th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 5th percentile score is the score below which 5 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Reading Scores: 10th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 10th percentile score is the score below which 10 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Reading Scores: 25th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 25th percentile score is the score below which 25 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Reading Scores: 50th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 50th percentile score is the score below which 50 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Reading Scores: 75th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 75th percentile score is the score below which 75 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Reading Scores: 90th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 90th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Reading Scores: 95th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 95th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Mean performance on the science scale

Longdefinition: Average score of 15-year-old students on the PISA science scale. In PISA 2006 the mean science score for OECD countries was initially set at 500 points (for 30 OECD countries), then was re-set at 498 points after taking into account new OECD countries. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Below Level 1B

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring below the lowest proficiency level (less than or equal to 261) on the PISA science scale. No item in the PISA assessment can indicate what students who perform below Level 1b can do. Students below Level 1b may have acquired some elements of science knowledge and skills, but based on the tasks included in the PISA test, their ability can only be described in terms of what they cannot do – and they are unlikely to be able to solve, other than by guessing, any of the PISA tasks. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Below Level 1B

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring below the lowest proficiency level (less than or equal to 261) on the PISA science scale. No item in the PISA assessment can indicate what students who perform below Level 1b can do. Students below Level 1b may have acquired some elements of science knowledge and skills, but based on the tasks included in the PISA test, their ability can only be described in terms of what they cannot do – and they are unlikely to be able to solve, other than by guessing, any of the PISA tasks. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Below Level 1B

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring below the lowest proficiency level (less than or equal to 261) on the PISA science scale. No item in the PISA assessment can indicate what students who perform below Level 1b can do. Students below Level 1b may have acquired some elements of science knowledge and skills, but based on the tasks included in the PISA test, their ability can only be described in terms of what they cannot do – and they are unlikely to be able to solve, other than by guessing, any of the PISA tasks. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 1A

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 335 but less than or equal to 410 on the PISA science scale. At Level 1A, students are able to use basic or everyday content and procedural knowledge to recognise or identify explanations of simple scientific phenomenon. With support, they can undertake structured scientific enquiries with no more than two variables. They are able to identify simple causal or correlational relationships and interpret graphical and visual data that require a low level of cognitive demand. Level 1a students can select the best scientific explanation for given data in familiar personal, local and global contexts. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 1A

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 335 but less than or equal to 410 on the PISA science scale. At Level 1A, students are able to use basic or everyday content and procedural knowledge to recognise or identify explanations of simple scientific phenomenon. With support, they can undertake structured scientific enquiries with no more than two variables. They are able to identify simple causal or correlational relationships and interpret graphical and visual data that require a low level of cognitive demand. Level 1a students can select the best scientific explanation for given data in familiar personal, local and global contexts. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 1A

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 335 but less than or equal to 410 on the PISA science scale. At Level 1A, students are able to use basic or everyday content and procedural knowledge to recognise or identify explanations of simple scientific phenomenon. With support, they can undertake structured scientific enquiries with no more than two variables. They are able to identify simple causal or correlational relationships and interpret graphical and visual data that require a low level of cognitive demand. Level 1a students can select the best scientific explanation for given data in familiar personal, local and global contexts. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 1B

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 261 but less than or equal to 335 on the PISA science scale. At Level 1B, students can use basic or everyday scientific knowledge to recognise aspects of familiar or simple phenomenon. They are able to identify simple patterns in data, recognise basic scientific terms and follow explicit instructions to carry out a scientific procedure. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 1B

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 261 but less than or equal to 335 on the PISA science scale. At Level 1B, students can use basic or everyday scientific knowledge to recognise aspects of familiar or simple phenomenon. They are able to identify simple patterns in data, recognise basic scientific terms and follow explicit instructions to carry out a scientific procedure. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 1B

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 261 but less than or equal to 335 on the PISA science scale. At Level 1B, students can use basic or everyday scientific knowledge to recognise aspects of familiar or simple phenomenon. They are able to identify simple patterns in data, recognise basic scientific terms and follow explicit instructions to carry out a scientific procedure. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 2

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 410 but less than or equal to 484 on the PISA science scale. At Level 2, students are able to draw on everyday content knowledge and basic procedural knowledge to identify an appropriate scientific explanation, interpret data, and identify the question being addressed in a simple experimental design. They can use basic or everyday scientific knowledge to identify a valid conclusion from a simple data set. Level 2 students demonstrate basic epistemic knowledge by being able to identify questions that can be investigated scientifically. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 2

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 410 but less than or equal to 484 on the PISA science scale. At Level 2, students are able to draw on everyday content knowledge and basic procedural knowledge to identify an appropriate scientific explanation, interpret data, and identify the question being addressed in a simple experimental design. They can use basic or everyday scientific knowledge to identify a valid conclusion from a simple data set. Level 2 students demonstrate basic epistemic knowledge by being able to identify questions that can be investigated scientifically. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 2

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 410 but less than or equal to 484 on the PISA science scale. At Level 2, students are able to draw on everyday content knowledge and basic procedural knowledge to identify an appropriate scientific explanation, interpret data, and identify the question being addressed in a simple experimental design. They can use basic or everyday scientific knowledge to identify a valid conclusion from a simple data set. Level 2 students demonstrate basic epistemic knowledge by being able to identify questions that can be investigated scientifically. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 3

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 484 but less than or equal to 559 on the PISA science scale. At Level 3, students can draw upon moderately complex content knowledge to identify or construct explanations of familiar phenomena. In less familiar or more complex situations, they can construct explanations with relevant cueing or support. They can draw on elements of procedural or epistemic knowledge to carry out a simple experiment in a constrained context. Level 3 students are able to distinguish between scientific and non-scientific issues and identify the evidence supporting a scientific claim. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 3

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 484 but less than or equal to 559 on the PISA science scale. At Level 3, students can draw upon moderately complex content knowledge to identify or construct explanations of familiar phenomena. In less familiar or more complex situations, they can construct explanations with relevant cueing or support. They can draw on elements of procedural or epistemic knowledge to carry out a simple experiment in a constrained context. Level 3 students are able to distinguish between scientific and non-scientific issues and identify the evidence supporting a scientific claim. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 3

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 484 but less than or equal to 559 on the PISA science scale. At Level 3, students can draw upon moderately complex content knowledge to identify or construct explanations of familiar phenomena. In less familiar or more complex situations, they can construct explanations with relevant cueing or support. They can draw on elements of procedural or epistemic knowledge to carry out a simple experiment in a constrained context. Level 3 students are able to distinguish between scientific and non-scientific issues and identify the evidence supporting a scientific claim. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 4

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 559 but less than or equal to 633 on the PISA science scale. At Level 4, students can use more complex or more abstract content knowledge, which is either provided or recalled, to construct explanations of more complex or less familiar events and processes. They can conduct experiments involving two or more independent variables in a constrained context. They are able to justify an experimental design, drawing on elements of procedural and epistemic knowledge. Level 4 students can interpret data drawn from a moderately complex data set or less familiar context, draw appropriate conclusions that go beyond the data and provide justifications for their choices. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 4

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 559 but less than or equal to 633 on the PISA science scale. At Level 4, students can use more complex or more abstract content knowledge, which is either provided or recalled, to construct explanations of more complex or less familiar events and processes. They can conduct experiments involving two or more independent variables in a constrained context. They are able to justify an experimental design, drawing on elements of procedural and epistemic knowledge. Level 4 students can interpret data drawn from a moderately complex data set or less familiar context, draw appropriate conclusions that go beyond the data and provide justifications for their choices. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 4

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 559 but less than or equal to 633 on the PISA science scale. At Level 4, students can use more complex or more abstract content knowledge, which is either provided or recalled, to construct explanations of more complex or less familiar events and processes. They can conduct experiments involving two or more independent variables in a constrained context. They are able to justify an experimental design, drawing on elements of procedural and epistemic knowledge. Level 4 students can interpret data drawn from a moderately complex data set or less familiar context, draw appropriate conclusions that go beyond the data and provide justifications for their choices. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 5

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 633 but less than or equal to 708 on the PISA science scale. At Level 5, students can use abstract scientific ideas or concepts to explain unfamiliar and more complex phenomena, events and processes involving multiple causal links. They are able to apply more sophisticated epistemic knowledge to evaluate alternative experimental designs and justify their choices and use theoretical knowledge to interpret information or make predictions. Level 5 students can evaluate ways of exploring a given question scientifically and identify limitations in interpretations of data sets including sources and the effects of uncertainty in scientific data. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 5

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 633 but less than or equal to 708 on the PISA science scale. At Level 5, students can use abstract scientific ideas or concepts to explain unfamiliar and more complex phenomena, events and processes involving multiple causal links. They are able to apply more sophisticated epistemic knowledge to evaluate alternative experimental designs and justify their choices and use theoretical knowledge to interpret information or make predictions. Level 5 students can evaluate ways of exploring a given question scientifically and identify limitations in interpretations of data sets including sources and the effects of uncertainty in scientific data. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 5

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 633 but less than or equal to 708 on the PISA science scale. At Level 5, students can use abstract scientific ideas or concepts to explain unfamiliar and more complex phenomena, events and processes involving multiple causal links. They are able to apply more sophisticated epistemic knowledge to evaluate alternative experimental designs and justify their choices and use theoretical knowledge to interpret information or make predictions. Level 5 students can evaluate ways of exploring a given question scientifically and identify limitations in interpretations of data sets including sources and the effects of uncertainty in scientific data. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 6

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 708 on the PISA science scale. At Level 6, students can draw on a range of interrelated scientific ideas and concepts from the physical, life and earth and space sciences and use content, procedural and epistemic knowledge in order to offer explanatory hypotheses of novel scientific phenomena, events and processes or to make predictions. In interpreting data and evidence, they are able to discriminate between relevant and irrelevant information and can draw on knowledge external to the normal school curriculum. They can distinguish between arguments that are based on scientific evidence and theory and those based on other considerations. Level 6 students can evaluate competing designs of complex experiments, field studies or simulations and justify their choices. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 6

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 708 on the PISA science scale. At Level 6, students can draw on a range of interrelated scientific ideas and concepts from the physical, life and earth and space sciences and use content, procedural and epistemic knowledge in order to offer explanatory hypotheses of novel scientific phenomena, events and processes or to make predictions. In interpreting data and evidence, they are able to discriminate between relevant and irrelevant information and can draw on knowledge external to the normal school curriculum. They can distinguish between arguments that are based on scientific evidence and theory and those based on other considerations. Level 6 students can evaluate competing designs of complex experiments, field studies or simulations and justify their choices. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by science proficiency level (%). Level 6

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 708 on the PISA science scale. At Level 6, students can draw on a range of interrelated scientific ideas and concepts from the physical, life and earth and space sciences and use content, procedural and epistemic knowledge in order to offer explanatory hypotheses of novel scientific phenomena, events and processes or to make predictions. In interpreting data and evidence, they are able to discriminate between relevant and irrelevant information and can draw on knowledge external to the normal school curriculum. They can distinguish between arguments that are based on scientific evidence and theory and those based on other considerations. Level 6 students can evaluate competing designs of complex experiments, field studies or simulations and justify their choices. Data reflect country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Mean performance on the science scale. Female

Longdefinition: Average score of 15-year-old female students on the PISA science scale. In PISA 2006 the mean science score for OECD countries was initially set at 500 points (for 30 OECD countries), then was re-set at 498 points after taking into account new OECD countries. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Mean performance on the science scale. Male

Longdefinition: Average score of 15-year-old male students on the PISA science scale. In PISA 2006 the mean science score for OECD countries was initially set at 500 points (for 30 OECD countries), then was re-set at 498 points after taking into account new OECD countries. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Science Scores: 5th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 5th percentile score is the score below which 5 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Science Scores: 10th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 10th percentile score is the score below which 10 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Science Scores: 25th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 25th percentile score is the score below which 25 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Science Scores: 50th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 50th percentile score is the score below which 50 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Science Scores: 75th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 75th percentile score is the score below which 75 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Science Scores: 90th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 90th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Distribution of Science Scores: 95th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 95th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: SACMEQ: Mean performance on the 6th grade mathematics scale

Longdefinition: Mean performance on the mathematics scale is the mean mathematics score for 6th grade students. Mean scores are on SACMEQ scales for mathematics, which have averages of 500 and standard deviations of 100. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to SACMEQ, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the SACMEQ website for more detailed information: http://www.sacmeq.org/

Source: Southern and Eastern Africa Consortium for Monitoring Educational Quality (SACMEQ) Data Archive, www.sacmeq.org


IndicatorName: SACMEQ: Mean performance on the 6th grade mathematics scale. Female

Longdefinition: Mean performance on the mathematics scale, female is the mean mathematics score for female 6th grade students. Mean scores are on SACMEQ scales for mathematics, which have averages of 500 and standard deviations of 100. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to SACMEQ, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the SACMEQ website for more detailed information: http://www.sacmeq.org/


IndicatorName: SACMEQ: 6th grade students by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 1 - Pre-Numeracy

Longdefinition: Percentage of 6th grade students scoring at the Pre-Numeracy level (Level 1 of 8) on the mathematics assessment. At this level, students can apply single step addition or subtraction operations, recognize simple shapes, match numbers and pictures, and count in whole numbers. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to SACMEQ, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the SACMEQ website for more detailed information: http://www.sacmeq.org/


IndicatorName: SACMEQ: Female 6th grade students by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 1 - Pre-Numeracy

Longdefinition: Percentage of 6th grade female students scoring at the Pre-Numeracy level (Level 1 of 8) on the mathematics assessment. At this level, students can apply single step addition or subtraction operations, recognize simple shapes, match numbers and pictures, and count in whole numbers. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to SACMEQ, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the SACMEQ website for more detailed information: http://www.sacmeq.org/


IndicatorName: SACMEQ: Male 6th grade students by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 1 - Pre-Numeracy

Longdefinition: Percentage of 6th grade male students scoring at the Pre-Numeracy level (Level 1 of 8) on the mathematics assessment. At this level, students can apply single step addition or subtraction operations, recognize simple shapes, match numbers and pictures, and count in whole numbers. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to SACMEQ, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the SACMEQ website for more detailed information: http://www.sacmeq.org/


IndicatorName: SACMEQ: 6th grade students by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 2 - Emergent Numeracy

Longdefinition: Percentage of 6th grade students scoring at the Emergent Numeracy level (Level 2 of 8) on the mathematics assessment. At this level, students can apply a two-step addition or subtraction operation involving carrying, checking (through very basic estimation), or conversion of pictures to numbers. They can estimate the length of familiar objects and recognize common two-dimensional shapes. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to SACMEQ, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the SACMEQ website for more detailed information: http://www.sacmeq.org/


IndicatorName: SACMEQ: Female 6th grade students by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 2 - Emergent Numeracy

Longdefinition: Percentage of 6th grade female students scoring at the Emergent Numeracy level (Level 2 of 8) on the mathematics assessment. At this level, students can apply a two-step addition or subtraction operation involving carrying, checking (through very basic estimation), or conversion of pictures to numbers. They can estimate the length of familiar objects and recognize common two-dimensional shapes. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to SACMEQ, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the SACMEQ website for more detailed information: http://www.sacmeq.org/


IndicatorName: SACMEQ: Male 6th grade students by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 2 - Emergent Numeracy

Longdefinition: Percentage of 6th grade male students scoring at the Emergent Numeracy level (Level 2 of 8) on the mathematics assessment. At this level, students can apply a two-step addition or subtraction operation involving carrying, checking (through very basic estimation), or conversion of pictures to numbers. They can estimate the length of familiar objects and recognize common two-dimensional shapes. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to SACMEQ, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the SACMEQ website for more detailed information: http://www.sacmeq.org/


IndicatorName: SACMEQ: 6th grade students by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 3 - Basic Numeracy

Longdefinition: Percentage of 6th grade students scoring at the Basic Numeracy level (Level 3 of 8) on the mathematics assessment. At this level, students can translate verbal information presented in a sentence, simple graph or table, using one arithmetic operation in several repeated steps. They can translate graphical information into fractions, interpret place value of whole numbers up to thousands, and interpret simple common everyday units of measurement. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to SACMEQ, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the SACMEQ website for more detailed information: http://www.sacmeq.org/


IndicatorName: SACMEQ: Female 6th grade students by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 3 - Basic Numeracy

Longdefinition: Percentage of 6th grade female students scoring at the Basic Numeracy level (Level 3 of 8) on the mathematics assessment. At this level, students can translate verbal information presented in a sentence, simple graph or table, using one arithmetic operation in several repeated steps. They can translate graphical information into fractions, interpret place value of whole numbers up to thousands, and interpret simple common everyday units of measurement. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to SACMEQ, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the SACMEQ website for more detailed information: http://www.sacmeq.org/


IndicatorName: SACMEQ: Male 6th grade students by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 3 - Basic Numeracy

Longdefinition: Percentage of 6th grade male students scoring at the Basic Numeracy level (Level 3 of 8) on the mathematics assessment. At this level, students can translate verbal information presented in a sentence, simple graph or table, using one arithmetic operation in several repeated steps. They can translate graphical information into fractions, interpret place value of whole numbers up to thousands, and interpret simple common everyday units of measurement. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to SACMEQ, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the SACMEQ website for more detailed information: http://www.sacmeq.org/


IndicatorName: SACMEQ: 6th grade students by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 4 - Beginning Numeracy

Longdefinition: Percentage of 6th grade students scoring at the Beginning Numeracy level (Level 4 of 8) on the mathematics assessment. At this level, students can translate verbal or graphic information into simple arithmetic problems, and use multiple different arithmetic operations (in the correct order) on whole numbers, fractions, and/or decimals. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to SACMEQ, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the SACMEQ website for more detailed information: http://www.sacmeq.org/


IndicatorName: SACMEQ: Female 6th grade students by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 4 - Beginning Numeracy

Longdefinition: Percentage of 6th grade female students scoring at the Beginning Numeracy level (Level 4 of 8) on the mathematics assessment. At this level, students can translate verbal or graphic information into simple arithmetic problems, and use multiple different arithmetic operations (in the correct order) on whole numbers, fractions, and/or decimals. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to SACMEQ, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the SACMEQ website for more detailed information: http://www.sacmeq.org/


IndicatorName: SACMEQ: Male 6th grade students by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 4 - Beginning Numeracy

Longdefinition: Percentage of 6th grade male students scoring at the Beginning Numeracy level (Level 4 of 8) on the mathematics assessment. At this level, students can translate verbal or graphic information into simple arithmetic problems, and use multiple different arithmetic operations (in the correct order) on whole numbers, fractions, and/or decimals. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to SACMEQ, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the SACMEQ website for more detailed information: http://www.sacmeq.org/


IndicatorName: SACMEQ: 6th grade students by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 5 - Competent Numeracy

Longdefinition: Percentage of 6th grade students scoring at the Competent Numeracy level (Level 5 of 8) on the mathematics assessment. At this level, students can translate verbal, graphic, or tabular information into an arithmetic form in order to solve a given problem. They can solve multiple-operation problems (using the correct order of arithmetic operations) involving everyday units of measurement and/or whole and mixed numbers, and convert basic measurement units from one level of measurement to another (for example, meters to centimeters). Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to SACMEQ, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the SACMEQ website for more detailed information: http://www.sacmeq.org/


IndicatorName: SACMEQ: Female 6th grade students by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 5 - Competent Numeracy

Longdefinition: Percentage of 6th grade female students scoring at the Competent Numeracy level (Level 5 of 8) on the mathematics assessment. At this level, students can translate verbal, graphic, or tabular information into an arithmetic form in order to solve a given problem. They can solve multiple-operation problems (using the correct order of arithmetic operations) involving everyday units of measurement and/or whole and mixed numbers, and convert basic measurement units from one level of measurement to another (for example, meters to centimeters). Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to SACMEQ, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the SACMEQ website for more detailed information: http://www.sacmeq.org/