IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for education, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is the aggregate total for education level unspecified (DT.ODA.DACD.EDU.UNKN.CD); basic education (DT.ODA.DACD.EDU.BAS.CD); secondary education (DT.ODA.DACD.EDU.SEC.CD) and post-secondary education (DT.ODA.DACD.EDU.PSEC.CD).  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for post-secondary education, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as higher education and advanced technical and managerial training.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Periodicity: Annual

Source: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

Topic: Economic Policy & Debt: Official development assistance


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for secondary education, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as secondary education and vocational training.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for education (level unspecified), DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as education policy and administrative management; education facilities and training; teacher training and educational research.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for humanitarian aid, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is the aggregate total for other emergency and distress relief (DT.ODA.DACDEMRC.OTHR.CD); reconstruction relief (DT.ODA.DACD.EMRC.RCST.CD) and disaster prevention & preparedness (DT.ODA.DACD.EMRC.DISA.CD).  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for disaster prevention & preparedness, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is disaster prevention and preparedness.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for emergency response, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as material relief assistance and services; emergency food aid and relief co-ordination; protection and support services.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for reconstruction relief and rehabilitation, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as reconstruction relief and rehabilitation.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for government & civil society, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is the aggregate total for general government and civil society (DT.ODA.DACD.GVCS.GEN.CD) and conflict, peace and security (DT.ODA.DACD.GVCS.CPS.CD).  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for conflict, peace and security, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as security system management and reform; civilian peace-building, conflict prevention and resolution; post-conflict peace-building (UN); reintegration and Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW) control; land mine clearance and child soldiers (prevention and demobilisation).  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for general government and civil society, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as economic and development policy/planning; public sector financial management; legal and judicial development; general administration; strengthening civil society; elections; human rights; free flow of information and women's equality organisations and institutions.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursements for STD control including HIV/AIDS, DAC donors (current US$)

Longdefinition: All activities related to sexually transmitted diseases and HIV/AIDS control e.g. information, education and communication; testing; prevention; treatment, care.  Note: data for Sub-Saharan Africa include "South of Sahara regional".  Detailed descriptions are available www.oecd.org/dac/stats/crs/directives.

Shortdefinition: All activities related to sexually transmitted diseases and HIV/AIDS control e.g. information, education and communication; testing; prevention; treatment, care.  Detailed descriptions are available www.oecd.org/dac/stats/crs/directives.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursements for Social mitigation of HIV/AIDS, DAC donors (current US$)

Longdefinition: Special programmes to address the consequences of HIV/AIDS, e.g. social, legal and economic assistance to people living with HIV/AIDS including food security and employment; support to vulnerable groups and children orphaned by HIV/AIDS; human rights of HIV/AIDS affected people. Note: data for Sub-Saharan Africa include "South of Sahara regional".  Detailed descriptions are available www.oecd.org/dac/stats/crs/directives.

Shortdefinition: Special programmes to address the consequences of HIV/AIDS, e.g. social, legal and economic assistance to people living with HIV/AIDS including food security and employment; support to vulnerable groups and children orphaned by HIV/AIDS; human rights of HIV/AIDS affected people. Detailed descriptions are available www.oecd.org/dac/stats/crs/directives.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for basic health, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as basic health care; basic health infrastructure; basic nutrition; infectious disease control; health education; malaria control; tuberculosis control and health personnel development.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for health, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is the aggregate total for general health (DT.ODA.DACD.HLTH.GEN.CD) and basic health (DT.ODA.DACD.HLTH.BAS.CD).  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for general health, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as health policy and administrative management; medical education/training; medical research ad medical services.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Net ODA received from DAC donors (constant 2008 US$)

Longdefinition: Official development assistance and net official aid record the actual international transfer by the donor of financial resources or of goods or services valued at the cost to the donor, less any repayments of loan principal during the same period. Data are in constant 2008 dollars.

Source: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Aid Recipients, Development Cooperation Report, and International Development Statistics database.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for multisector,  DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is the aggregate total for general environment protection (DT.ODA.DACD.MSEC.GENV.CD); other multisector initiatives (DT.ODA.DACD.MSEC.OMSEC.CD).  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for general environment protection, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described environmental policy and administrative management; biosphere protection; bio-diversity; site preservation; flood prevention/control; environmental education/training and environmental research.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for other multisector initiatives, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as multisector aid; urban development and management; rural development; non-agricultural alternative development; multisector education/training and research/scientific institutions.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for population programmes and reproductive health, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as population policy and administrative management; reproductive health care; family planning; STD control including HIV/AIDS and personnel development for population and reproductive health.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for agriculture, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as agricultural policy and administrative management; agriculture development; agricultural water land resources; agricultural water resources; agricultural inputs; food crop production; industrial crops/export crops; livestock; agrarian reform; agricultural alternative development; agricultural extension; agricultural education/training;  agricultural research; agricultural services; plant and post-harvest protection and pest control; agricultural financial services, agricultural co-operatives and livestock services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for agriculture, forestry and fishing sector, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is the aggregate total for agriculture (DT.ODA.DACD.PROD.AGRI.AGR.CD); forestry (DT.ODA.DACD.PROD.AGRI.FORS.CD) and fishing (DT.ODA.DACD.PROD.AGRI.FISH.CD).  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for fishing, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as fishing policy and administrative management; fishery development; fishery education/training; fishery research and fishery services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for forestry, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as forestry policy and administrative management; forestry development; fuelwood/charcoal; forestry education/training; forestry research and forestry services.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for production sectors,  DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is the aggregate total for agriculture, forestry and fishing (DT.ODA.DACD.PROD.AGRI.CD); industry, mining and construction (DT.ODA.DACD.PROD.INDS.CD); trade policy and regulations (DT.ODA.DACD.PROD.TRDP.CD) and tourism (DT.ODA.DACD.PROD.TRSM.CD).  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for industry, mining and construction, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is the aggregate total for industry (DT.ODA.DACD.PROD.INDS.IND.CD); mining (DT.ODA.DACD.PROD.INDS.MIN.CD) and construction (DT.ODA.DACD.PROD.INDS.CON.CD).  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for construction,  DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as construction policy and administrative management.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for industry,  DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is industrial policy and administrative management; industrial development; small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) development; cottage industries and handicraft; agri-industries; food industries; textiles, leather and substitutes; chemicals; fertilizer plants; cement/lime/plaster; energy manufacturing; pharmaceutical production; basic metal industries; non-ferous metal industries; engineering; transport equipment industry and technological research and development. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for mineral resources and mining,  DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as mineral/mining policy and administrative management; mineral prospection and exploration; coal; oil and gas; ferrous metals; non-ferrous metals; precious metals/materials; industrial minerals; fertilizer minerals and offshore minerals. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Source: ODevelopment Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for trade policy and regulations, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as trade policy and administrative management; trade facilitation; regional trade agreements (RTAs); multilateral trade negotiations; trade-related adjustment and trade education/training.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for tourism sector, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This described as tourism policy and administrative management.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Total ODA Private Net, DAC donors (current US$)

Longdefinition: Net private aid is private transactions broken down into direct investment, portfolio investment and export credits (net). Private transactions are those undertaken by firms and individuals resident in the reporting country. Portfolio investment corresponds to bonds and equities. Inflows into emerging countries’ stocks markets, are, however, heavily understated. Accordingly, the coverage of portfolio investment differs in these regards from the coverage of bank claims, which include indistinguishably export credit lending by banks. The bank claims data represent the net change in banks’ claims after adjustment to eliminate the effect of changes in exchange rates. They are therefore a proxy for net flow data, but are not themselves a net flow figure. They differ in two further regards from other OECD data. First, they relate to loans by banks resident in countries which report quarterly to the Bank for International Settlements (BIS). Secondly, no adjustment has been made to exclude short-term claims.  Data are expressed in current U.S. dollars.

Source: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Aid Recipients, Development Cooperation Report, and International Development Statistics database


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for refugees in donor countries,  DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as support to refugees in donor countries.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for social infrastructure & services,  DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is the aggregate total for education (DT.ODA.DACD.EDU.CD); health (DT.ODA.DACD.HLTH.CD); population programmes (DT.ODA.DACD.POP.CD); water supply and sanitation (DT.ODA.DACD.WSS.CD) and government and civil society (DT.ODA.DACD.GVCS.CD).  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for total sector allocable, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is the aggregate total of allocable sectors as follows: I.1 Education, Total; I.2 Health, Total; I.3 Population Programmes; I.4 Water Supply & Sanitation; I.5 Government & Civil Society; I.6 Other Social Infrastructure & Services; II.1Transport & Storage; II.2Communications; II.3 Energy; II.4 Banking & Financial Services; II.5 Business & Other Services; III.1 Agriculture - Forestry - Fishing, Total; III.2 Industry - Mining - Construction, Total; III.3 Trade Policy and Regulations; III.4 Tourism; IV.1 General Environment Protection; IV.2 Women In Development; IV.3 Other Multisector. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for unallocated/unspecified support, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as sectors not specified and promotion of development awareness.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursement for water supply and sanitation, DAC donors total (current US$)

Longdefinition: This is described as water resources policy and administrative management; water resources protection; water supply and sanitation - large systems; basic drinking water supply and basic sanitation; river development; waste management/disposal and education and training in water supply and sanitation.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Net ODA received from DAC donors (% of recipient's GDP)

Longdefinition: Official development assistance and net official aid record the actual international transfer by the donor of financial resources or of goods or services valued at the cost to the donor, less any repayments of loan principal during the same period.

Source: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, and World Bank GDP estimates.


IndicatorName: Net ODA received from DAC donors (% of recipient's GDI)

Shortdefinition: Official development assistance and net official aid record the actual international transfer by the donor of financial resources or of goods or services valued at the cost to the donor, less any repayments of loan principal during the same period.

Source: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, and World Bank GDI estimates.


IndicatorName: Net ODA received from multilateral donors (current US$)

Longdefinition: Official development assistance and net official aid record the actual international transfer by the donor of financial resources or of goods or services valued at the cost to the donor, less any repayments of loan principal during the same period. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Source: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Aid Recipients, Development Cooperation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are ava


IndicatorName: Net ODA received per capita from multilateral donors (current US$)

Shortdefinition: Official development assistance and net official aid record the actual international transfer by the donor of financial resources or of goods or services valued at the cost to the donor, less any repayments of loan principal during the same period. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Source: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Aid Recipients, Development Cooperation Report, and International Development Statistics database, and World Ba


IndicatorName: Net ODA received from multitlateral donors (constant 2008 US$)

Longdefinition: Official development assistance and net official aid record the actual international transfer by the donor of financial resources or of goods or services valued at the cost to the donor, less any repayments of loan principal during the same period. Data are in constant 2008 dollars.


IndicatorName: Net ODA received from multilateral donors (% of GDP)


IndicatorName: Net ODA received from multilateral donors (% of gross capital formation)


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursements for STD control including HIV/AIDS, Multilateral donors (current US$)

Longdefinition: All activities related to sexually transmitted diseases and HIV/AIDS control e.g. information, education and communication; testing; prevention; treatment, care.  Note: data for Sub-Saharan Africa include "South of Sahara regional".  Detailed descriptions are available www.oecd.org/dac/stats/crs/directives.


IndicatorName: Gross ODA aid disbursements for Social mitigation of HIV/AIDS, Multilateral donors (current US$)

Longdefinition: Special programmes to address the consequences of HIV/AIDS, e.g. social, legal and economic assistance to people living with HIV/AIDS including food security and employment; support to vulnerable groups and children orphaned by HIV/AIDS; human rights of HIV/AIDS affected people. Note: data for Sub-Saharan Africa include "South of Sahara regional".  Detailed descriptions are available www.oecd.org/dac/stats/crs/directives.


IndicatorName: Net ODA received from non-DAC donors (current US$)


IndicatorName: Net ODA received from non-DAC donors (constant 2008 US$)

Shortdefinition: Official development assistance and net official aid record the actual international transfer by the donor of financial resources or of goods or services valued at the cost to the donor, less any repayments of loan principal during the same period. Data are in constant 2008 dollars.


IndicatorName: Total ODA Private Net, non-DAC donors (current US$)

Longdefinition: The transactions covered are those undertaken by residents of non-DAC Member countries.  Net private aid is private transactions broken down into direct investment, portfolio investment and export credits (net). Private transactions are those undertaken by firms and individuals resident in the reporting country. Portfolio investment corresponds to bonds and equities. Inflows into emerging countries’ stocks markets, are, however, heavily understated. Accordingly, the coverage of portfolio investment differs in these regards from the coverage of bank claims, which include indistinguishably export credit lending by banks. The bank claims data represent the net change in banks’ claims after adjustment to eliminate the effect of changes in exchange rates. They are therefore a proxy for net flow data, but are not themselves a net flow figure. They differ in two further regards from other OECD data. First, they relate to loans by banks resident in countries which report quarterly to the Bank for International Settlements (BIS). Secondly, no adjustment has been made to exclude short-term claims.. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Net ODA received from non-DAC bilateral donors (% of GDP)


IndicatorName: Net ODA received from non-DAC bilateral donors (% of gross capital formation)

Source: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Aid Recipients, Development Cooperation Report, and International Development Statistics database,, and World B


IndicatorName: Net official aid received (current US$)

Longdefinition: Net official aid refers to aid flows (net of repayments) from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Source: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline.


IndicatorName: Net official aid received (constant 2008 US$)

Longdefinition: Net official aid refers to aid flows (net of repayments) from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. Data are in constant 2008 U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Net official development assistance received (current US$)

Longdefinition: Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent). Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Shortdefinition: Net official development assistance is disbursement flows (net of repayment of principal) that meet the DAC definition of ODA and are made to countries and territories on the DAC list of aid recipients. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


Aggregationmethod: Weighted average

IndicatorName: Net ODA received (% of GDP)

Longdefinition: Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent).

Shortdefinition: Net official development assistance is disbursement flows (net of repayment of principal) that meet the DAC definition of ODA and are made to countries and territories on the DAC list of aid recipients.

Source: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline. World Bank GDP estimates are used for the denominator.


IndicatorName: Net ODA received (% of gross capital formation)

Source: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline. World Bank gross capital formation estimates are used for the denominator.


IndicatorName: Net ODA received (% of GNI)

Source: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline. World Bank GNI estimates are used for the denominator.


IndicatorName: Net official development assistance received (constant 2008 US$)

Longdefinition: Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent). Data are in constant 2008 U.S. dollars.

Shortdefinition: Net official development assistance is disbursement flows (net of repayment of principal) that meet the DAC definition of ODA and are made to countries and territories on the DAC list of aid recipients. Data are in constant 2008 U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Net ODA received (% of imports of goods and services)

Source: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline. World Bank imports of good and services estimates are used for the denominator.


IndicatorName: Net ODA received per capita (current US$)

Longdefinition: Net official development assistance (ODA) per capita consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients; and is calculated by dividing net ODA received by the midyear population estimate. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent).

Shortdefinition: Net official development assistance per capita is disbursement flows (net of repayment of principal) that meet the DAC definition of ODA and are made to countries and territories on the DAC list of aid recipients; and is calculated by dividing net ODA received by the midyear population estimate.

Source: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline. World Bank population estimates are used for the denominator.


IndicatorName: Net ODA received (% of central government expense)

Source: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline. IMF central government expense estimates are used for the denominator.


IndicatorName: Debt service to export ratio, ex-post (%)

Longdefinition: The debt service to export ratio is defined as the total debt service divided by the sum of exports of goods, services, and income plus workers' remittances.  Definitions for each indicator follow.  Total debt service (TDS) shows the debt service payments on total long-term debt (public and publicly guaranteed and private nonguaranteed), use of IMF credit, and interest on short-term debt only. Debt service payments are the sum of principal repayments and interest payments in the year specified.  Exports of goods, services and income is the sum of goods (merchandise) exports, exports of (nonfactor) services and income (factor) receipts.  Data are in current U.S. dollars.  Workers' remittances are current transfers by migrants who are employed or intend to remain employed for more than a year in another economy in which they are considered residents. Some developing countries classify workers' remittances as a factor income receipt (and thus as a component of GNI). The World Bank adheres to international guidelines in defining GNI, and its classification of workers' remittances may therefore differ from national practices. This item shows receipts by the reporting country.

Source: World Bank, Global Development Finance and International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics.

Topic: Economic Policy & Debt: External debt: Debt ratios & other items


IndicatorName: Adjustments to scheduled debt service (current US$)

Longdefinition: Adjustment to scheduled debt service equals debt service not paid plus debt service arrears reductions and prepayments. Data are denominated in U.S. dollars.

Source: World Bank, Global Development Finance.

Topic: Economic Policy & Debt: External debt: Debt service


Aggregationmethod: Sum

IndicatorName: PPG, bilateral (TDS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Debt service payments are the sum of principal repayments and interest payments actually made in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Debt service on external debt, total (TDS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Total debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in foreign currency, goods, or services on long-term debt, interest paid on short-term debt, and repayments (repurchases and charges) to the IMF. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


Generalcomments: The denominator for this indicator in previous versions of Global Development Finance included workers' remittances. Workers' remittances are no longer included.

IndicatorName: Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and income)

Longdefinition: Total debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in foreign currency, goods, or services on long-term debt, interest paid on short-term debt, and repayments (repurchases and charges) to the IMF.


IndicatorName: Total debt service (% of GDP)

Shortdefinition: Total debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in foreign currency, goods, or services on long-term debt, interest paid on short-term debt, and repayments (repurchases and charges) to the IMF.


IndicatorName: Total debt service (% of GNI)


IndicatorName: IMF repurchases and charges (TDS, current US$)

Longdefinition: IMF repurchases are total repayments of outstanding drawings from the General Resources Account during the year specified, excluding repayments due in the reserve tranche. IMF charges cover interest payments with respect to all uses of IMF resources, excluding those resulting from drawings in the reserve tranche. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Debt service on external debt, long-term (TDS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Debt service payments are the sum of principal repayments and interest payments actually made in the year specified. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Debt service on external debt, private nonguaranteed (PNG) (TDS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Private nonguaranteed debt service is an external obligation of a private debtor that is not guaranteed for repayment by a public entity. Debt service payments are the sum of principal repayments and interest payments actually made in the year specified. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Debt service (PPG and IMF only, % of exports, excluding workers' remittances)

Longdefinition: Debt service is the sum of principle repayments and interest actually paid in foreign currency, goods, or services. This series differs from the standard debt to exports series. It covers only long-term public and publicly guaranteed debt and repayments (repurchases and charges) to the IMF. Exports of goods and services include income, but do not include workers' remittances. Data for Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) are from HIPC Initiative's Status of Implementation Report.


IndicatorName: Debt service on external debt, public and publicly guaranteed (PPG) (TDS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in foreign currency, goods, or services on long-term obligations of public debtors and long-term private obligations guaranteed by a public entity. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Public and publicly guaranteed debt service (% of GNI)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in foreign currency, goods, or services on long-term obligations of public debtors and long-term private obligations guaranteed by a public entity.


IndicatorName: Public and publicly guaranteed debt service (% of exports, excluding workers' remittances)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in foreign currency, goods, or services on long-term obligations of public debtors and long-term private obligations guaranteed by a public entity. Exports refer to exports of goods, services, and income. Workers' remittances are not included here, though they are included with income receipts in other World Bank publications such as Global Development Finance.

Source: World Bank.


IndicatorName: PPG, IBRD (TDS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt outstanding from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) is nonconcessional. Nonconcessional debt excludes loans with an original grant element of 25 percent or more. Debt service payments are the sum of principal repayments and interest payments actually made in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, IDA (TDS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt outstanding from the International Development Association (IDA) is concessional. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 25 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 10 percent. Debt service payments are the sum of principal repayments and interest payments actually made in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Multilateral debt service (TDS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Debt service payments are the sum of principal repayments and interest payments actually made in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Multilateral debt service (% of public and publicly guaranteed debt service)

Longdefinition: Multilateral debt service is the repayment of principal and interest to the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral agencies. public and publicly guaranteed debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in foreign currency, goods, or services on long-term obligations of public debtors and long-term private obligations guaranteed by a public entity.


IndicatorName: PPG, multilateral concessional (TDS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 25 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 10 percent. Debt service payments are the sum of principal repayments and interest payments actually made in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, official creditors (TDS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt from official creditors includes loans from international organizations (multilateral loans) and loans from governments (bilateral loans). Loans from international organization include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Government loans include loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Debt service payments are the sum of principal repayments and interest payments actually made in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, bonds (TDS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt from bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed. Debt service payments are the sum of principal repayments and interest payments actually made in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: PPG, commercial banks (TDS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions. Debt service payments are the sum of principal repayments and interest payments actually made in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Debt service, PPG and PNG private creditors (TDS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Debt service for private and public non-guaranteed debt is the sum of the two.


IndicatorName: PPG, private creditors (TDS, current US$)

Longdefinition: Public and publicly guaranteed debt from private creditors include bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed; commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions; and other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Debt service payments are the sum of principal repayments and interest payments actually made in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Debt service, reduction in arrears/prepayments (current US$)

Longdefinition: Adjustment - debt service arrears reductions/prepayments (-), equals principal arrears reductions/prepayments plus interest arrears reductions. Data are denominated in U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Agriculture value added per worker (constant 2000 US$)

Longdefinition: Agriculture value added per worker is a measure of agricultural productivity. Value added in agriculture measures the output of the agricultural sector (ISIC divisions 1-5) less the value of intermediate inputs. Agriculture comprises value added from forestry, hunting, and fishing as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars.

Source: Derived from World Bank national accounts files and Food and Agriculture Organization, Production Yearbook and data files.

Topic: Environment: Agricultural production


IndicatorName: Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions (kg per day)

Longdefinition: Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.

Source: 1998 study by Hemamala Hettige, Muthukumara Mani, and David Wheeler, "Industrial Pollution in Economic Development: Kuznets Revisited" (available at www.worldbank.org/nipr). The data were updated by the World Bank's Development Research Group using the same methodology as the initial study.

Topic: Environment: Water pollution


Aggregationmethod: Gap-filled total

IndicatorName: Energy production (kt of oil equivalent)

Longdefinition: Energy production refers to forms of primary energy--petroleum (crude oil, natural gas liquids, and oil from nonconventional sources), natural gas, solid fuels (coal, lignite, and other derived fuels), and combustible renewables and waste--and primary electricity, all converted into oil equivalents.

Source: International Energy Agency (IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA, http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp).

Topic: Environment: Energy production & use


IndicatorName: Electricity production from coal sources (kWh)

Longdefinition: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Coal refers to all coal and brown coal, both primary (including hard coal and lignite-brown coal) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, coke oven coke, gas coke, coke oven gas, and blast furnace gas). Peat is also included in this category.

Source: International Energy Agency (IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA, http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), Energy Statistics and Balances of Non-OECD Countries, Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, and Energy Balances of OECD Countries.


Generalcomments: Electricity production shares may not sum to 100 percent because other sources of generated electricity (such as geothermal, solar, and wind) are not shown.

IndicatorName: Electricity production from coal sources (% of total)

Shortdefinition: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Coal refers to all coal and brown coal, both primary (including hard coal and lignite-brown coal) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, coke oven coke, gas coke, coke oven gas, and blast furnace gas). Peat is also included in this category.


IndicatorName: Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (kWh)

Longdefinition: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Hydropower refers to electricity produced by hydroelectric power plants.


IndicatorName: Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total)

Shortdefinition: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Hydropower refers to electricity produced by hydroelectric power plants.


IndicatorName: Electric power transmission and distribution losses (kWh)

Longdefinition: Electric power transmission and distribution losses include losses in transmission between sources of supply and points of distribution and in the distribution to consumers, including pilferage.

Source: International Energy Agency (IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA, http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), Energy Statistics and Balances of Non-OECD Countries and Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, and United Nations, Energy Statistics Yearbook.


IndicatorName: Electric power transmission and distribution losses (% of output)

Shortdefinition: Electric power transmission and distribution losses include losses in transmission between sources of supply and points of distribution and in the distribution to consumers, including pilferage.


IndicatorName: Electricity production from natural gas sources (kWh)

Longdefinition: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Gas refers to natural gas but excludes natural gas liquids.


IndicatorName: Electricity production from natural gas sources (% of total)

Shortdefinition: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Gas refers to natural gas but excludes natural gas liquids.


IndicatorName: Electricity production from nuclear sources (kWh)

Longdefinition: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Nuclear power refers to electricity produced by nuclear power plants.


IndicatorName: Electricity production from nuclear sources (% of total)

Shortdefinition: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Nuclear power refers to electricity produced by nuclear power plants.


IndicatorName: Electricity production from oil sources (kWh)

Longdefinition: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Oil refers to crude oil and petroleum products.


IndicatorName: Electricity production from oil sources (% of total)

Shortdefinition: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Oil refers to crude oil and petroleum products.


IndicatorName: Electricity production (kWh)

Longdefinition: Electricity production is measured at the terminals of all alternator sets in a station. In addition to hydropower, coal, oil, gas, and nuclear power generation, it covers generation by geothermal, solar, wind, and tide and wave energy, as well as that from combustible renewables and waste. Production includes the output of electricity plants that are designed to produce electricity only as well as that of combined heat and power plants.


IndicatorName: GDP per unit of energy use (PPP $ per kg of oil equivalent)

Longdefinition: GDP per unit of energy use is the PPP GDP per kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to current international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.

Source: International Energy Agency (IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA, http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), and World Bank PPP data.


IndicatorName: GDP per unit of energy use (constant 2005 PPP $ per kg of oil equivalent)

Longdefinition: GDP per unit of energy use is the PPP GDP per kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2005 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.


IndicatorName: Energy imports, net (% of energy use)

Longdefinition: Net energy imports are estimated as energy use less production, both measured in oil equivalents. A negative value indicates that the country is a net exporter. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.

Source: International Energy Agency (IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA, http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp) and United Nations, Energy Statistics Yearbook.


IndicatorName: Energy imports (kt of oil equivalent)

Shortdefinition: Net energy imports are estimated as energy use less production, both measured in oil equivalents. A negative value indicates that the country is a net exporter. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.

Source: International Energy Agency and United Nations, Energy Statistics Yearbook.


IndicatorName: Alternative and nuclear energy (% of total energy use)

Longdefinition: Clean energy is noncarbohydrate energy that does not produce carbon dioxide when generated. It includes hydropower and nuclear, geothermal, and solar power, among others.


IndicatorName: Fossil fuel energy consumption (% of total)

Longdefinition: Fossil fuel comprises coal, oil, petroleum, and natural gas products.


IndicatorName: Energy use (kt of oil equivalent)

Longdefinition: Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.


IndicatorName: Combustible renewables and waste (metric tons of oil equivalent)

Longdefinition: Combustible renewables and waste comprise solid biomass, liquid biomass, biogas, industrial waste, and municipal waste.


IndicatorName: Combustible renewables and waste (% of total energy)

Longdefinition: Combustible renewables and waste comprise solid biomass, liquid biomass, biogas, industrial waste, and municipal waste, measured as a percentage of total energy use.


IndicatorName: Electric power consumption (kWh)

Longdefinition: Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants.

Source: International Energy Agency (IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA, http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), Energy Statistics and Balances of Non-OECD Countries and Energy Statistics of OECD Countries.


IndicatorName: Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)

Shortdefinition: Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants.


IndicatorName: Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)

Shortdefinition: Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.


IndicatorName: Economically active population in agriculture (number)

Longdefinition: Agricultural employment shows the number of workers in the agricultural sector.

Source: Food and Agriculture Organization, Production Yearbook and data files.


IndicatorName: Economically active population in agriculture, female (FAO, number)

Longdefinition: Economically active female population in agriculture is that part of the economically active female population engaged in or seeking work in agriculture, hunting, fishing or forestry.


IndicatorName: Agricultural population (FAO, number)

Longdefinition: Agricultural population is defined as all persons depending for their livelihood on agriculture, hunting, fishing and forestry. It comprises all persons economically active in agriculture as well as their non-working dependents. It is not necessary that this referred population exclusively come from rural population.


IndicatorName: Economically active population in agriculture, male (FAO, number)

Longdefinition: Economically active male population in agriculture is that part of the economically active male population engaged in or seeking work in agriculture, hunting, fishing or forestry.


IndicatorName: Animal species, threatened

Longdefinition: Animal species are mammals (excluding whales and porpoises) and birds (included within a country’s breeding or wintering ranges). Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.


IndicatorName: CO2 emissions from cement production (thousand metric tons)

Longdefinition: Carbon dioxide emissions from cement production refer mainly to emissions during cement production. Cement production is a multi-step process and CO2 is actually released from klinker production during the cement production process. The U.S. Department of Energy’s carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) calculates annual anthropogenic emissions from data on fossil fuel consumption (from the United Nations Statistics Division’s World Energy Data Set) and world cement manufacturing (from the U.S. Bureau of Mine’s Cement Manufacturing Data Set).  Carbon dioxide emissions, often calculated and reported as elemental carbon, were converted to actual carbon dioxide mass by multiplying them by 3.664 (the ratio of the mass of carbon to that of carbon dioxide).  Although estimates of global carbon dioxide emissions are probably accurate within 10 percent (as calculated from global average file chemistry and use), country estimates may have larger error bounds.  Trends estimated from a consistent time series tend to be more accurate than individual values.  Each year the CDIAC recalculates the entire time series since 1949, incorporating recent findings and corrections.  Estimates exclude fuels supplied to ships and aircraft in international transport because of the difficulty of apportioning he fuels among benefitting countries.  The ratio of carbon dioxide per unit of energy shows carbon intensity, which is the amount of carbon dioxide emitted as a result of using one unit of energy in the process of production.


IndicatorName: CO2 emissions from fossil-fuels, total (thousand metric tons)

Longdefinition: Fossil fuel is any hydrocarbon deposit that can be burned for heat or power, such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas. This is the sum total of all fossil fuel emissions (solid fuel consumption, liquid fuel consumption, gas fuel consumption, cement production and gas flaring). The U.S. Department of Energy’s carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) calculates annual anthropogenic emissions from data on fossil fuel consumption (from the United Nations Statistics Division’s World Energy Data Set) and world cement manufacturing (from the U.S. Bureau of Mine’s Cement Manufacturing Data Set).  Carbon dioxide emissions, often calculated and reported as elemental carbon, were converted to actual carbon dioxide mass by multiplying them by 3.664 (the ratio of the mass of carbon to that of carbon dioxide).  Although estimates of global carbon dioxide emissions are probably accurate within 10 percent (as calculated from global average file chemistry and use), country estimates may have larger error bounds.  Trends estimated from a consistent time series tend to be more accurate than individual values.  Each year the CDIAC recalculates the entire time series since 1949, incorporating recent findings and corrections.  Estimates exclude fuels supplied to ships and aircraft in international transport because of the difficulty of apportioning he fuels among benefitting countries.  The ratio of carbon dioxide per unit of energy shows carbon intensity, which is the amount of carbon dioxide emitted as a result of using one unit of energy in the process of production.


IndicatorName: CO2 emissions from fossil-fuels (% of total)

Longdefinition: Fossil fuel is any hydrocarbon deposit that can be burned for heat or power, such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas. This is the sum total of all fossil fuel emissions (solid fuel consumption, liquid fuel consumption, gas fuel consumption, cement production and gas flaring).


IndicatorName: CO2 emissions from gas fuel consumption (thousand metric tons)

Longdefinition: Carbon dioxide emissions from gas fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy


IndicatorName: CO2 emissions from gas flaring (thousand metric tons)

Longdefinition: Carbon dioxide emissions from gas flaring fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from gas flaring activities.


IndicatorName: CO2 emissions (kg per 2000 US$ of GDP)

Longdefinition: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.

Source: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

Topic: Environment: Emissions


IndicatorName: CO2 emissions (kt)

Shortdefinition: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.


IndicatorName: CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (thousand metric tons)

Shortdefinition: Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer to emissions from use of crude petroleum and natural gas liquids as an energy.


IndicatorName: CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita)


IndicatorName: CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP)


IndicatorName: CO2 emissions (kg per 2005 PPP $ of GDP)


IndicatorName: CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (thousand metric tons)

Shortdefinition: Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy.


IndicatorName: CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total)

Longdefinition: Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.


IndicatorName: Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Longdefinition: Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride.


IndicatorName: Agricultural methane emissions (% of total)

Longdefinition: Agricultural methane emissions are emissions from animals, animal waste, rice production, agricultural waste burning (nonenergy, on-site), and savannah burning.


IndicatorName: Industrial methane emissions (% of total)

Longdefinition: Industrial methane emissions are emissions from the handling, transmission, and combustion of fossil fuels and biofuels.


IndicatorName: Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)

Longdefinition: Methane emissions are those stemming from human activities such as agriculture and from industrial methane production.


IndicatorName: Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions (% of total)

Longdefinition: Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions are emissions produced through fertilizer use (synthetic and animal manure), animal waste management, agricultural waste burning (nonenergy, on-site), and savannah burning.


IndicatorName: Industrial nitrous oxide emissions (% of total)

Longdefinition: Industrial nitrous oxide emissions are emissions produced during the manufacturing of adipic acid and nitric acid.


IndicatorName: Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Longdefinition: Nitrous oxide emissions are emissions from agricultural biomass burning, industrial activities, and livestock management.


IndicatorName: PM10, country level (micrograms per cubic meter)

Longdefinition: Particulate matter concentrations refer to fine suspended particulates less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing significant health damage. Data for countries and aggregates for regions and income groups are urban-population weighted PM10 levels in residential areas of cities with more than 100,000 residents. The estimates represent the average annual exposure level of the average urban resident to outdoor particulate matter. The state of a country's technology and pollution controls is an important determinant of particulate matter concentrations.

Source: Kiran Dev Pandey, David Wheeler, Bart Ostro, Uwe Deichmann, Kirk Hamilton, and Katherine Bolt. "Ambient Particulate Matter Concentrations in Residential and Pollution Hotspot Areas of World Cities: New Estimates Based on the Global Model of Ambient Particulates (GMAPS)," World Bank, Development Research Group and Environment Department (2006).


IndicatorName: Bird species, threatened

Longdefinition: Birds are listed for countries included within their breeding or wintering ranges. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.

Source: United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, and International Union for Conservation of Nature, Red List of Threatened Species.

Topic: Environment: Biodiversity & protected areas


IndicatorName: Plant species (higher), threatened

Longdefinition: Higher plants are native vascular plant species. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.


IndicatorName: Non-agricultural population (FAO, number)

Longdefinition: The non-agricultural population is obtained as a residual of agricultural population from the total population.


IndicatorName: Population density (people per sq. km of land area)

Longdefinition: Population density is midyear population divided by land area in square kilometers. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes.

Source: Food and Agriculture Organization and World Bank population estimates.

Topic: Environment: Density & urbanization


IndicatorName: Rural population density (rural population per sq. km of arable land)

Longdefinition: Rural population density is the rural population divided by the arable land area. Rural population is calculated as the difference between the total population and the urban population. Arable land (in hectares) includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.


IndicatorName: Population in largest city

Longdefinition: Population in largest city is the urban population living in the country's largest metropolitan area.

Source: United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.


IndicatorName: Population in the largest city (% of urban population)

Longdefinition: Population in largest city is the percentage of a country's urban population living in that country's largest metropolitan area.


IndicatorName: Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million

Longdefinition: Population in urban agglomerations of more than one million is the country's population living in metropolitan areas that in 2000 had a population of more than one million people.


IndicatorName: Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population)

Longdefinition: Population in urban agglomerations of more than one million is the percentage of a country's population living in metropolitan areas that in 2000 had a population of more than one million people.


Aggregationmethod: Median

IndicatorName: Pump price for diesel fuel (US$ per liter)

Longdefinition: Fuel prices refer to the pump prices of the most widely sold grade of diesel fuel. Prices have been converted from the local currency to U.S. dollars.

Source: German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ).

Topic: Infrastructure: Transportation


IndicatorName: Pump price for gasoline (US$ per liter)

Longdefinition: Fuel prices refer to the pump prices of the most widely sold grade of gasoline. Prices have been converted from the local currency to U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum)

Longdefinition: GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative biodiversity potential for each country based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to 100 (maximum biodiversity potential).

Source: Kiran Dev Pandey, Piet Buys, Ken Chomitz, and David Wheeler's, "Biodiversity Conservation Indicators: New Tools for Priority Setting at the Global Environment Facility" (2006).


IndicatorName: Water productivity, total (constant 2000 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal)

Longdefinition: Water productivity is calculated as GDP in constant prices divided by annual total water withdrawal.

Source: Food and Agriculture Organization, AQUASTAT data, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.

Topic: Environment: Freshwater


IndicatorName: Annual freshwater withdrawals, agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)

Longdefinition: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002.

Source: Food and Agriculture Organization, AQUASTAT data.


IndicatorName: Annual freshwater withdrawals, domestic (% of total freshwater withdrawal)

Longdefinition: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002.


IndicatorName: Annual freshwater withdrawals, industry (% of total freshwater withdrawal)

Longdefinition: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for industry are total withdrawals for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002.


IndicatorName: Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters)

Longdefinition: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture and industry are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production and for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002.


IndicatorName: Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)

Shortdefinition: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture and industry are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production and for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002.


IndicatorName: Renewable internal freshwater resources, total (billion cubic meters)

Longdefinition: Renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country.


IndicatorName: Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters)

Longdefinition: Renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country. Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita are calculated using the World Bank's population estimates.


IndicatorName: Terrestrial protected areas (sq. km)

Longdefinition: Terrestrial protected areas are those officially documented by national authorities.

Source: United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, as compiled by the World Resources Institute, based on data from national authorities, national legislation and international agreements.


IndicatorName: Terrestrial protected areas (% of total surface area)

Shortdefinition: Terrestrial protected areas are those officially documented by national authorities.


IndicatorName: Marine protected areas (sq. km)

Longdefinition: Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.

Source: United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre.

Topic: Environment: Land use


IndicatorName: Marine protected areas (% of total surface area)

Shortdefinition: Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.


IndicatorName: Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%)

Longdefinition: Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans are the value of nonperforming loans divided by the total value of the loan portfolio (including nonperforming loans before the deduction of specific loan-loss provisions). The loan amount recorded as nonperforming should be the gross value of the loan as recorded on the balance sheet, not just the amount that is overdue.

Source: International Monetary Fund, Global Financial Stability Report.

Topic: Financial Sector: Assets


IndicatorName: Gold, valued at year-end London prices (current US$)

Longdefinition: The gold component of reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices.

Source: International Monetary Fund.

Topic: Economic Policy & Debt: Balance of payments: Reserves & other items


IndicatorName: Total reserves (includes gold, current US$)

Longdefinition: Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Source: International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.


IndicatorName: Total reserves including gold valued at London gold price (current US$)

Longdefinition: Gross international reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, the reserve position of members in the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component is valued at end-of-year London prices.


IndicatorName: Total reserves includes gold (% of GDP)

Longdefinition: Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices.


IndicatorName: Total reserves (% of total external debt)

Longdefinition: International reserves to total external debt stocks.

Source: World Bank, Global Development Finance.


IndicatorName: Total reserves in months of imports

Longdefinition: Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices. This item shows reserves expressed in terms of the number of months of imports of goods and services they could pay for [Reserves/(Imports/12)].


IndicatorName: Total reserves in months of imports of goods and services

Longdefinition: The number of months for which a country's reserves can sustain its imports. Gross international reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, the reserve position of members in the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component is valued at end-of-year London prices. Imports of goods, services and income is the sum of goods (merchandise) imports, imports of (nonfactor) services and income (factor) payments.  Data are in current US dollars.

Source: International Monetary Fund, World Bank country economists.


IndicatorName: Total reserves minus gold (current US$)

Longdefinition: Total reserves minus gold comprise special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. Gold holdings are excluded. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Claims on private sector, flow (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Change in domestic credit to the private sector covers changes in claims on private non-financial corporations, households, and non-profit institutions. Data; Annual flow, local currencies.

Source: World Bank country economists.


IndicatorName: Net domestic credit, flow (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Net domestic credit is the sum of net credit to the non financial public sector, credit to the private sector, and other accounts. Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Net domestic credit to government, flow (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Change in domestic credit  to government includes changes in net claims on central government, and changes in claims on  state and local government as well as on non-financial public corporations. Data; Annual flow, local currencies.


IndicatorName: Claims on central government, flow (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Net domestic credit to government budget. Data are in current local currencies. AF stands for annual flow.


IndicatorName: Total assets, flow (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Change in liabilities consists of changes in money, quasi-money and other liabilities, net. Data; Annual flow, local currencies.


IndicatorName: Net foreign assets, flow (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Net foreign assets are the sum of foreign assets held by monetary authorities and deposit money banks, less their foreign liabilities. Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Claims on other official entities, flow (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Net domestic credit to other official entities of government. Data are in current local currencies.


IndicatorName: Claims on nonmonetary financial institutions, flow (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Net domestic credit  to other financial institutions (non-governmental). Data are in current local currencies.


IndicatorName: Claims on private sector and other financial institutions, flow (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Net domestic credit to Rest of the economy (excludes government). Data are in current local currencies.


IndicatorName: Net domestic credit to private sector, stock (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Net domestic credit to private sector of the Rest of the economy (excludes government). Data are in current local currencies.


IndicatorName: Net domestic credit (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Net domestic credit is the sum of net credit to the nonfinancial public sector, credit to the private sector, and other accounts. Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Claims on governments and other public entities (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Claims on governments and other public entities (IFS line 32an + 32b + 32bx + 32c) usually comprise direct credit for specific purposes such as financing of the government budget deficit or loans to state enterprises, advances against future credit authorizations, and purchases of treasury bills and bonds, net of deposits by the public sector. Public sector deposits with the banking system also include sinking funds for the service of debt and temporary deposits of government revenues. Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Claims on governments and other public entities (% of GDP)

Shortdefinition: Claims on governments and other public entities (IFS line 32an + 32b + 32bx + 32c) usually comprise direct credit for specific purposes such as financing of the government budget deficit or loans to state enterprises, advances against future credit authorizations, and purchases of treasury bills and bonds, net of deposits by the public sector. Public sector deposits with the banking system also include sinking funds for the service of debt and temporary deposits of government revenues. Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Claims on governments, etc. (annual growth as % of M2)


IndicatorName: Claims on central government (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Claims on the central government, net is defined as the central  governments direct financial obligations to the country’s financial institutions less any claims the central government has on those  institutions.

Source: International Monetary Fund


IndicatorName: Total assets (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Liabilities consists of money, quasi-money and other liabilities, net, end of year stocks.


IndicatorName: Net foreign assets (current US$)

Longdefinition: Net foreign assets are the sum of foreign assets held by monetary authorities and deposit money banks, less their foreign liabilities. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: Net foreign assets (current LCU)

Shortdefinition: Net foreign assets are the sum of foreign assets held by monetary authorities and deposit money banks, less their foreign liabilities. Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Net domestic credit to other official entities, stock (current LCU)

Shortdefinition: Net domestic credit to other official entities of government. Data are in current local currencies.


IndicatorName: Net domestic credit to other private financial institutions, stock (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Net domestic credit to other financial institutions of the Rest of the economy (excludes government). Data are in current local currencies.


IndicatorName: Claims on private sector (annual growth as % of M2)

Longdefinition: Claims on private sector (IFS line 32d) include gross credit from the financial system to individuals, enterprises, nonfinancial public entities not included under net domestic credit, and financial institutions not included elsewhere. Money and quasi money (M2) comprise the sum of currency outside banks, demand deposits other than those of the central government, and the time, savings, and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government.


IndicatorName: Net domestic credit to rest of economy, stock (current LCU)

Shortdefinition: Net domestic credit to Rest of the economy (excludes government). Data are in current local currencies.


Longdefinition: Money and quasi money (M2), flow (current LCU) is the sum of currency outside banks, demand deposits other than those of the central government, and the time, savings, and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government.

Topic: Financial Sector: Monetary holdings (liabilities)


IndicatorName: Other liabilities excluding M2, flow (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Other liabilities excluding M2 (current LCU).


IndicatorName: Money (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Money is the sum of currency outside banks and demand deposits other than those of central government. This series, frequently referred to as M1 is a narrower definition of money than M2. Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Money and quasi money (M2) (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Money and quasi money comprise the sum of currency outside banks, demand deposits other than those of the central government, and the time, savings, and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government. This definition of money supply is frequently called M2; it corresponds to lines 34 and 35 in the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) International Financial Statistics (IFS). Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Money and quasi money (M2) as % of GDP

Longdefinition: Money and quasi money comprise the sum of currency outside banks, demand deposits other than those of the central government, and the time, savings, and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government. This definition of money supply is frequently called M2; it corresponds to lines 34 and 35 in the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) International Financial Statistics (IFS).

Source: International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.


IndicatorName: Other liabilities excluding M2 (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Other liabilities excluding M2, flow (current LCU).


IndicatorName: Central bank intervention rate (%)

Longdefinition: Central bank intervention rate.

Shortdefinition: Central bank intervention rate.

Topic: Financial Sector: Interest rates


IndicatorName: Consumer price index (2005 = 100)

Longdefinition: Consumer price index reflects changes in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.

Topic: Financial Sector: Exchange rates & prices


IndicatorName: Inflation, consumer prices (annual %)

Longdefinition: Inflation as measured by the consumer price index reflects the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.


IndicatorName: Wholesale price index (2005 = 100)

Longdefinition: Wholesale price index refers to a mix of agricultural and industrial goods at various stages of production and distribution, including import duties. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.


IndicatorName: Deposit interest rate (%)

Longdefinition: Deposit interest rate is the rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits.


IndicatorName: Real deposit interest rate (%)

Longdefinition: Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as measured by the GDP deflator.

Source: International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files using World Bank data on the GDP deflator.


IndicatorName: Bond interest rate (%)

Longdefinition: Bond interest rate (%).

Shortdefinition: Bond interest rate (%).


IndicatorName: International interest rate, implicit (%)

Longdefinition: International interest rate (implicit, %).


IndicatorName: Lending interest rate (%)

Longdefinition: Lending interest rate is the rate charged by banks on loans to prime customers.


IndicatorName: Interest rate spread (lending rate minus deposit rate, %)

Longdefinition: Interest rate spread is the interest rate charged by banks on loans to prime customers minus the interest rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits.


IndicatorName: Money market rate (%)

Longdefinition: Money market interest rate, IFS line 60b (%).

Source: International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics.


IndicatorName: Real interest rate (%)

Shortdefinition: Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as measured by the GDP deflator.


IndicatorName: Risk premium on lending (prime rate minus treasury bill rate, %)

Longdefinition: Risk premium on lending is the interest rate charged by banks on loans to prime private sector customers minus the "risk free" treasury bill interest rate at which short-term government securities are issued or traded in the market. In some countries this spread may be negative, indicating that the market considers its best corporate clients to be lower risk than the government.

Source: International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics database.


IndicatorName: Time deposits interest rate (%)

Longdefinition: Interest, deposit rate, shows the average rate offered by banks to resident customers for demand, time, and savings deposits. This item is equal to line 60l..zf in the IMFs International Financial Statistics publication.


IndicatorName: Real interest on time deposit (%)

Longdefinition: IFS, line 60 lc deflated by CPI.

Shortdefinition: IFS, line 60 lc deflated by CPI.


IndicatorName: Banking survey: claims on private sector (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Domestic credit to private sector refers to financial resources provided to the private sector, such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises.


IndicatorName: Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP)

Shortdefinition: Domestic credit to private sector refers to financial resources provided to the private sector, such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises.


IndicatorName: Demand deposits (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Demand deposits.

Shortdefinition: Demand deposits.


IndicatorName: Time deposits (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Time deposits.

Shortdefinition: Time deposits.


IndicatorName: Adjustments to foreign scheduled principal repayments (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Principal repayments are actual amounts of principal (amortization) paid in foreign currency, goods, or services in the year specified.

Source: World Bank country economists

Topic: Public Sector: Government finance: Deficit & financing


IndicatorName: Current budget balance, including grants (current LCU)

Longdefinition: The excess of current revenue over current expenditure. data are in current local currencies.


IndicatorName: Overall budget balance, including grants (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Overall budget deficit is current and capital revenue and official grants received, less total expenditure and lending minus repayments. Data are shown for central government only, and are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Overall surplus/deficit, excluding current grants (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Overall budget surplus/deficit (excluding current grants) is current and capital revenue excluding current grants, less total expenditure and lending minus repayments. Data are shown for central government only, and are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Overall surplus/deficit, excluding all grants (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Overall budget deficit is current and capital revenue excluding current grants less total expenditure and lending minus repayments. Values are in current local currencies.


IndicatorName: Primary balance, excluding interest (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Primary deficit, excluding interest (current LCU).


IndicatorName: Central government debt, monetary system credit (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Domestic debt consists of the outstanding stock or recognized, direct liabilities to the monetary system. Data are in current local currencies.


IndicatorName: Central government debt, other domestic (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Domestic debt to other in current local currencies.

Source: World Bank and Global Development Finance.


IndicatorName: External debt, end year (current US$)

Longdefinition: Foreign debt consists of the outstanding stock or recognized, direct liabilities of the government to the rest of the world, generated in the  past and scheduled to be extinguished by government operations in the future or to continue as perpetual debt. Data are in current U.S. dollars.


IndicatorName: External debt, end year (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Foreign debt consists of the outstanding stock or recognized, direct liabilities of the government to the rest of the world, generated in the  past and scheduled to be extinguished by government operations in the future or to continue as perpetual debt. Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Total government debt (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year.  Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Central government arrears on domestic debt (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Central government arrears on domestic debt.  Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Central government arrears on external debt (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Central government arrears on external debt.  Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: External borrowing, net (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Financing from abroad (obtained from nonresidents) refer to the means by which a government provides financial resources to cover a budget deficit or allocates financial resources arising from a budget surplus. It includes all government liabilities--other.  Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Domestic financing, monetary system credit (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Domestic financing, monetary system credit. Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Other domestic borrowing (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Domestic financing (obtained from residents) refer to the means by which a government provides financial resources to cover a budget deficit or allocates financial resources arising from a budget surplus. It includes all government liabilities--other than those for currency issues or demand, time, or savings deposits with government--or claims on others held by government and changes in government holdings of cash and deposits. Government guarantees of the debt of others are excluded. Data are shown for central government only, and are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Financing, including external capital grants (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Financing, including external capital grants. Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Total current grants (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Grants include grants from other foreign governments, international organizations, and other government units.  Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: External capital grants (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Grants are unrequited, nonrepayable, noncompulsory receipts of government from other governments or international institutions. In determination of the deficit/surplus, grants are grouped with revenue and expenditure rather than with financing. Values are

Shortdefinition: Grants are unrequited, nonrepayable, noncompulsory receipts of government from other governments or international institutions. In determination of the deficit/surplus, grants are grouped with revenue and expenditure rather than with financing. Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Nontax receipts (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Receipts from sources other than the tax system like property income, fees, fines, and contributions to government employee pension funds within government.  Data ate in current local currency.

Topic: Public Sector: Government finance: Expense


IndicatorName: Total revenue including current grants (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Total revenue and grants equals the sum of government revenue and grants. Revenue includes all nonrepayable and nonrepaying government  receipts other than grants. Grants are defined as unrequited, nonrepayable, noncompulsory receipts. Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Central government revenue excluding all grants  (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Central government revenue excluding all grants.  Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Central government revenues, excluding all grants (% of GDP)

Longdefinition: Central government revenues, excluding all grants.


IndicatorName: Total currrent revenues  including current grants (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Current revenue (including grants) includes all revenue from taxes and current nontax revenues such as fines, fees, recoveries, and income from property or sales, and grants. Data are shown for central government only, and are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Current revenue, excluding grants (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Revenue is cash receipts from taxes, social contributions, and other revenues such as fines, fees, rent, and income from property or sales.  Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Capital revenue (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Capital revenue comprises proceeds from the sale of nonfinancial capital assets, including land, intangible assets, stocks, and fixed capital assets of buildings, construction and equipment of more than a minimum value and usable for more than one year in the process of production, and receipts of unrequited transfers for capital purposes from nongovernmental sources. Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Highest marginal tax rate, corporate rate (%)

Longdefinition: Highest marginal tax rate (corporate rate) is the highest rate shown on the schedule of tax rates applied to the taxable income of corporations.

Source: KPMG's Corporate and Indirect Tax Rate Survey 2009 (www.kpmg.com), and PricewaterhouseCoopers's Worldwide Tax Summaries Online (www.pwc.com).

Topic: Public Sector: Government finance: Revenue


IndicatorName: Direct taxes (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Direct taxes on goods and services include all taxes and duties levied  on production, extraction, sale, transfer, leasing, or delivery of goods and rendering of services, or in respect of the use of goods, or permission to use goods or to perform activities, are covered.  Examples include all general sales taxes, value added taxes and excises.  Data are in current local currency.


IndicatorName: Taxes on goods and services, GB (current LCU)

Longdefinition: Taxes on goods and services include all taxes and duties levied by central governments on the production, extraction, sale, transfer, leasing, or delivery of goods and rendering of services, or on the use of goods or permission to use goods or perform activities. These include general sales taxes, turnover or value added taxes, excise taxes, and motor vehicle taxes. Data are shown for central government only and are in current local currency.