sourceNote: Male 4th grade students reaching the advanced international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of male 4th grade students scoring at least 625 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the advanced international benchmarking level can: A) Integrate ideas and evidence across a text to appreciate overall themes, and B) Interpret story events and character actions to provide reasons, motivations, feelings, and character traits with full text-based support. When reading Informational Texts, students at the advanced international benchmark can A) Distinguish and interpret complex information from different parts of text, and provide full text-based support, B) Integrate information across a text to provide explanations, interpret significance, and sequence activities, and C) Evaluate visual and textual features to explain their function. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Advanced benchmark was called the "Top 10% Benchmark" (90th percentile score), which corresponded to a scale score of 615. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 625 Advanced Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Male 4th grade students reaching the advanced international benchmark in reading achievement (%)

Longdefinition: Male 4th grade students reaching the advanced international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of male 4th grade students scoring at least 625 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the advanced international benchmarking level can: A) Integrate ideas and evidence across a text to appreciate overall themes, and B) Interpret story events and character actions to provide reasons, motivations, feelings, and character traits with full text-based support. When reading Informational Texts, students at the advanced international benchmark can A) Distinguish and interpret complex information from different parts of text, and provide full text-based support, B) Integrate information across a text to provide explanations, interpret significance, and sequence activities, and C) Evaluate visual and textual features to explain their function. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Advanced benchmark was called the "Top 10% Benchmark" (90th percentile score), which corresponded to a scale score of 615. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 625 Advanced Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

Source: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS)

Topic: Learning Outcomes

value: Education Statistics


Shortdefinition: Male 4th grade students reaching the advanced international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of male 4th grade students scoring at least 625 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the advanced international benchmarking level can: A) Integrate ideas and evidence across a text to appreciate overall themes, and B) Interpret story events and character actions to provide reasons, motivations, feelings, and character traits with full text-based support. When reading Informational Texts, students at the advanced international benchmark can A) Distinguish and interpret complex information from different parts of text, and provide full text-based support, B) Integrate information across a text to provide explanations, interpret significance, and sequence activities, and C) Evaluate visual and textual features to explain their function. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Advanced benchmark was called the "Top 10% Benchmark" (90th percentile score), which corresponded to a scale score of 615. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 625 Advanced Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Male 4th grade students reaching the advanced international benchmark in reading achievement (%)

sourceOrganization: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS)

name: Fragile and conflict affected situations


name: Middle East & North Africa (excluding high income)


name: Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)


name: East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income)


name: Least developed countries: UN classification


name: Middle East & North Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income)


name: Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Fourth grade students who did not reach the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%)

Longdefinition: Fourth grade students who did not reach the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of fourth grade students who did not score at least 400 on the reading assessment. These figures were calculated by the World Bank EdStats team by subtracting the share of students reaching the low international benchmark from 100. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

value: Education


Shortdefinition: Fourth grade students who did not reach the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of fourth grade students who did not score at least 400 on the reading assessment. These figures were calculated by the World Bank EdStats team by subtracting the share of students reaching the low international benchmark from 100. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Fourth grade students who did not reach the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%)


sourceNote: Fourth grade students who did not reach the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of fourth grade students who did not score at least 400 on the reading assessment. These figures were calculated by the World Bank EdStats team by subtracting the share of students reaching the low international benchmark from 100. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Female 4th grade students who did not reach the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%)

Longdefinition: Female 4th grade students who did not reach the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of female 4th grade students who did not score at least 400 on the reading assessment. These figures were calculated by the World Bank EdStats team by subtracting the share of students reaching the low international benchmark from 100. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: Female 4th grade students who did not reach the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of female 4th grade students who did not score at least 400 on the reading assessment. These figures were calculated by the World Bank EdStats team by subtracting the share of students reaching the low international benchmark from 100. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Female 4th grade students who did not reach the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%)


sourceNote: Female 4th grade students who did not reach the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of female 4th grade students who did not score at least 400 on the reading assessment. These figures were calculated by the World Bank EdStats team by subtracting the share of students reaching the low international benchmark from 100. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Male 4th grade students who did not reach the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%)

Longdefinition: Male 4th grade students who did not reach the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of male 4th grade students who did not score at least 400 on the reading assessment. These figures were calculated by the World Bank EdStats team by subtracting the share of students reaching the low international benchmark from 100. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: Male 4th grade students who did not reach the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of male 4th grade students who did not score at least 400 on the reading assessment. These figures were calculated by the World Bank EdStats team by subtracting the share of students reaching the low international benchmark from 100. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Male 4th grade students who did not reach the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%)


sourceNote: Male 4th grade students who did not reach the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of male 4th grade students who did not score at least 400 on the reading assessment. These figures were calculated by the World Bank EdStats team by subtracting the share of students reaching the low international benchmark from 100. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Mean performance on the reading scale for fourth grade students. Female

Longdefinition: Mean performance on the reading scale for fourth grade students. Female is the average scale score for female fourth graders on the PIRLS reading assessment. The scale centerpoint is 500. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Mean performance on the reading scale, female


Shortdefinition: Mean performance on the reading scale for fourth grade students. Female is the average scale score for female fourth graders on the PIRLS reading assessment. The scale centerpoint is 500. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


sourceNote: Mean performance on the reading scale for fourth grade students. Female is the average scale score for female fourth graders on the PIRLS reading assessment. The scale centerpoint is 500. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Fourth grade students reaching the high international benchmark in reading achievement (%)

Longdefinition: Fourth grade students reaching the high international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of fourth grade students scoring at least 550 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the high benchmarking level can A) Locate and distinguish significant actions and details embedded across the text, B) Make inferences to explain relationships between intentions, actions, events, and feelings, and give text-based support, C) Interpret and integrate story events and character actions and traits from different parts of the text, D) Evaluate the significance of events and actions across the entire story, and E) Recognize the use of some language features (e.g., metaphor, tone, imagery). When reading Informational Texts, students at this benchmarking level can: A) Locate and distinguish relevant information within a dense text or a complex table, B) Make inferences about logical connections to provide explanations and reasons, C) Integrate textual and visual information to interpret the relationship between ideas, and D) Evaluate content and textual elements to make a generalization. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the High Benchmark was called the "Upper Quarter Benchmark" or 75th percentile score, which corresponded to a scale score of 570. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 550 High Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: Fourth grade students reaching the high international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of fourth grade students scoring at least 550 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the high benchmarking level can A) Locate and distinguish significant actions and details embedded across the text, B) Make inferences to explain relationships between intentions, actions, events, and feelings, and give text-based support, C) Interpret and integrate story events and character actions and traits from different parts of the text, D) Evaluate the significance of events and actions across the entire story, and E) Recognize the use of some language features (e.g., metaphor, tone, imagery). When reading Informational Texts, students at this benchmarking level can: A) Locate and distinguish relevant information within a dense text or a complex table, B) Make inferences about logical connections to provide explanations and reasons, C) Integrate textual and visual information to interpret the relationship between ideas, and D) Evaluate content and textual elements to make a generalization. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the High Benchmark was called the "Upper Quarter Benchmark" or 75th percentile score, which corresponded to a scale score of 570. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 550 High Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Fourth grade students reaching the high international benchmark in reading achievement (%)


sourceNote: Fourth grade students reaching the high international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of fourth grade students scoring at least 550 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the high benchmarking level can A) Locate and distinguish significant actions and details embedded across the text, B) Make inferences to explain relationships between intentions, actions, events, and feelings, and give text-based support, C) Interpret and integrate story events and character actions and traits from different parts of the text, D) Evaluate the significance of events and actions across the entire story, and E) Recognize the use of some language features (e.g., metaphor, tone, imagery). When reading Informational Texts, students at this benchmarking level can: A) Locate and distinguish relevant information within a dense text or a complex table, B) Make inferences about logical connections to provide explanations and reasons, C) Integrate textual and visual information to interpret the relationship between ideas, and D) Evaluate content and textual elements to make a generalization. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the High Benchmark was called the "Upper Quarter Benchmark" or 75th percentile score, which corresponded to a scale score of 570. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 550 High Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


name: Fragile and conflict affected situations


name: Middle East & North Africa (excluding high income)


name: Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)


name: East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Female 4th grade students reaching the high international benchmark in reading achievement (%)

Longdefinition: Female 4th grade students reaching the high international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of female 4th grade students scoring at least 550 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the high benchmarking level can A) Locate and distinguish significant actions and details embedded across the text, B) Make inferences to explain relationships between intentions, actions, events, and feelings, and give text-based support, C) Interpret and integrate story events and character actions and traits from different parts of the text, D) Evaluate the significance of events and actions across the entire story, and E) Recognize the use of some language features (e.g., metaphor, tone, imagery). When reading Informational Texts, students at this benchmarking level can: A) Locate and distinguish relevant information within a dense text or a complex table, B) Make inferences about logical connections to provide explanations and reasons, C) Integrate textual and visual information to interpret the relationship between ideas, and D) Evaluate content and textual elements to make a generalization. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the High Benchmark was called the "Upper Quarter Benchmark" or 75th percentile score, which corresponded to a scale score of 570. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 550 High Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: Female 4th grade students reaching the high international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of female 4th grade students scoring at least 550 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the high benchmarking level can A) Locate and distinguish significant actions and details embedded across the text, B) Make inferences to explain relationships between intentions, actions, events, and feelings, and give text-based support, C) Interpret and integrate story events and character actions and traits from different parts of the text, D) Evaluate the significance of events and actions across the entire story, and E) Recognize the use of some language features (e.g., metaphor, tone, imagery). When reading Informational Texts, students at this benchmarking level can: A) Locate and distinguish relevant information within a dense text or a complex table, B) Make inferences about logical connections to provide explanations and reasons, C) Integrate textual and visual information to interpret the relationship between ideas, and D) Evaluate content and textual elements to make a generalization. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the High Benchmark was called the "Upper Quarter Benchmark" or 75th percentile score, which corresponded to a scale score of 570. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 550 High Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Female 4th grade students reaching the high international benchmark in reading achievement (%)


sourceNote: Female 4th grade students reaching the high international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of female 4th grade students scoring at least 550 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the high benchmarking level can A) Locate and distinguish significant actions and details embedded across the text, B) Make inferences to explain relationships between intentions, actions, events, and feelings, and give text-based support, C) Interpret and integrate story events and character actions and traits from different parts of the text, D) Evaluate the significance of events and actions across the entire story, and E) Recognize the use of some language features (e.g., metaphor, tone, imagery). When reading Informational Texts, students at this benchmarking level can: A) Locate and distinguish relevant information within a dense text or a complex table, B) Make inferences about logical connections to provide explanations and reasons, C) Integrate textual and visual information to interpret the relationship between ideas, and D) Evaluate content and textual elements to make a generalization. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the High Benchmark was called the "Upper Quarter Benchmark" or 75th percentile score, which corresponded to a scale score of 570. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 550 High Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


name: Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income)


name: Least developed countries: UN classification


name: Middle East & North Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income)


name: Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Male 4th grade students reaching the high international benchmark in reading achievement (%)

Longdefinition: Male 4th grade students reaching the high international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of male 4th grade students scoring at least 550 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the high benchmarking level can A) Locate and distinguish significant actions and details embedded across the text, B) Make inferences to explain relationships between intentions, actions, events, and feelings, and give text-based support, C) Interpret and integrate story events and character actions and traits from different parts of the text, D) Evaluate the significance of events and actions across the entire story, and E) Recognize the use of some language features (e.g., metaphor, tone, imagery). When reading Informational Texts, students at this benchmarking level can: A) Locate and distinguish relevant information within a dense text or a complex table, B) Make inferences about logical connections to provide explanations and reasons, C) Integrate textual and visual information to interpret the relationship between ideas, and D) Evaluate content and textual elements to make a generalization. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the High Benchmark was called the "Upper Quarter Benchmark" or 75th percentile score, which corresponded to a scale score of 570. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 550 High Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: Male 4th grade students reaching the high international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of male 4th grade students scoring at least 550 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the high benchmarking level can A) Locate and distinguish significant actions and details embedded across the text, B) Make inferences to explain relationships between intentions, actions, events, and feelings, and give text-based support, C) Interpret and integrate story events and character actions and traits from different parts of the text, D) Evaluate the significance of events and actions across the entire story, and E) Recognize the use of some language features (e.g., metaphor, tone, imagery). When reading Informational Texts, students at this benchmarking level can: A) Locate and distinguish relevant information within a dense text or a complex table, B) Make inferences about logical connections to provide explanations and reasons, C) Integrate textual and visual information to interpret the relationship between ideas, and D) Evaluate content and textual elements to make a generalization. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the High Benchmark was called the "Upper Quarter Benchmark" or 75th percentile score, which corresponded to a scale score of 570. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 550 High Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Male 4th grade students reaching the high international benchmark in reading achievement (%)


sourceNote: Male 4th grade students reaching the high international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of male 4th grade students scoring at least 550 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the high benchmarking level can A) Locate and distinguish significant actions and details embedded across the text, B) Make inferences to explain relationships between intentions, actions, events, and feelings, and give text-based support, C) Interpret and integrate story events and character actions and traits from different parts of the text, D) Evaluate the significance of events and actions across the entire story, and E) Recognize the use of some language features (e.g., metaphor, tone, imagery). When reading Informational Texts, students at this benchmarking level can: A) Locate and distinguish relevant information within a dense text or a complex table, B) Make inferences about logical connections to provide explanations and reasons, C) Integrate textual and visual information to interpret the relationship between ideas, and D) Evaluate content and textual elements to make a generalization. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the High Benchmark was called the "Upper Quarter Benchmark" or 75th percentile score, which corresponded to a scale score of 570. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 550 High Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Fourth grade students reaching the intermediate international benchmark in reading achievement (%)

Longdefinition: Fourth grade students reaching the intermediate international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of fourth grade students scoring at least 475 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the intermediate benchmarking level can A) Retrieve and reproduce explicitly stated actions, events, and feelings, B) Make straightforward inferences about the attributes, feelings, and motivations of main characters, C) Interpret obvious reasons and causes and give simple explanations, and D) Begin to recognize language features and style. When reading Informational Texts, students at the informational level can A) Locate and reproduce two or three pieces of information from within the text, and B) Use subheadings, text boxes, and illustrations to locate parts of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Intermediate Benchmark was called the "Median Benchmark" (50th percentile score or median), which corresponded to a scale score of 510. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 475 Intermediate Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: Fourth grade students reaching the intermediate international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of fourth grade students scoring at least 475 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the intermediate benchmarking level can A) Retrieve and reproduce explicitly stated actions, events, and feelings, B) Make straightforward inferences about the attributes, feelings, and motivations of main characters, C) Interpret obvious reasons and causes and give simple explanations, and D) Begin to recognize language features and style. When reading Informational Texts, students at the informational level can A) Locate and reproduce two or three pieces of information from within the text, and B) Use subheadings, text boxes, and illustrations to locate parts of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Intermediate Benchmark was called the "Median Benchmark" (50th percentile score or median), which corresponded to a scale score of 510. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 475 Intermediate Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Fourth grade students reaching the intermediate international benchmark in reading achievement (%)


sourceNote: Fourth grade students reaching the intermediate international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of fourth grade students scoring at least 475 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the intermediate benchmarking level can A) Retrieve and reproduce explicitly stated actions, events, and feelings, B) Make straightforward inferences about the attributes, feelings, and motivations of main characters, C) Interpret obvious reasons and causes and give simple explanations, and D) Begin to recognize language features and style. When reading Informational Texts, students at the informational level can A) Locate and reproduce two or three pieces of information from within the text, and B) Use subheadings, text boxes, and illustrations to locate parts of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Intermediate Benchmark was called the "Median Benchmark" (50th percentile score or median), which corresponded to a scale score of 510. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 475 Intermediate Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Female 4th grade students reaching the intermediate international benchmark in reading achievement (%)

Longdefinition: Female 4th grade students reaching the intermediate international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of female 4th grade students scoring at least 475 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the intermediate benchmarking level can A) Retrieve and reproduce explicitly stated actions, events, and feelings, B) Make straightforward inferences about the attributes, feelings, and motivations of main characters, C) Interpret obvious reasons and causes and give simple explanations, and D) Begin to recognize language features and style. When reading Informational Texts, students at the informational level can A) Locate and reproduce two or three pieces of information from within the text, and B) Use subheadings, text boxes, and illustrations to locate parts of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Intermediate Benchmark was called the "Median Benchmark" (50th percentile score or median), which corresponded to a scale score of 510. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 475 Intermediate Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: Female 4th grade students reaching the intermediate international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of female 4th grade students scoring at least 475 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the intermediate benchmarking level can A) Retrieve and reproduce explicitly stated actions, events, and feelings, B) Make straightforward inferences about the attributes, feelings, and motivations of main characters, C) Interpret obvious reasons and causes and give simple explanations, and D) Begin to recognize language features and style. When reading Informational Texts, students at the informational level can A) Locate and reproduce two or three pieces of information from within the text, and B) Use subheadings, text boxes, and illustrations to locate parts of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Intermediate Benchmark was called the "Median Benchmark" (50th percentile score or median), which corresponded to a scale score of 510. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 475 Intermediate Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Female 4th grade students reaching the intermediate international benchmark in reading achievement (%)


sourceNote: Female 4th grade students reaching the intermediate international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of female 4th grade students scoring at least 475 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the intermediate benchmarking level can A) Retrieve and reproduce explicitly stated actions, events, and feelings, B) Make straightforward inferences about the attributes, feelings, and motivations of main characters, C) Interpret obvious reasons and causes and give simple explanations, and D) Begin to recognize language features and style. When reading Informational Texts, students at the informational level can A) Locate and reproduce two or three pieces of information from within the text, and B) Use subheadings, text boxes, and illustrations to locate parts of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Intermediate Benchmark was called the "Median Benchmark" (50th percentile score or median), which corresponded to a scale score of 510. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 475 Intermediate Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Male 4th grade students reaching the intermediate international benchmark in reading achievement (%)

Longdefinition: Male 4th grade students reaching the intermediate international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of male 4th grade students scoring at least 475 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the intermediate benchmarking level can A) Retrieve and reproduce explicitly stated actions, events, and feelings, B) Make straightforward inferences about the attributes, feelings, and motivations of main characters, C) Interpret obvious reasons and causes and give simple explanations, and D) Begin to recognize language features and style. When reading Informational Texts, students at the informational level can A) Locate and reproduce two or three pieces of information from within the text, and B) Use subheadings, text boxes, and illustrations to locate parts of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Intermediate Benchmark was called the "Median Benchmark" (50th percentile score or median), which corresponded to a scale score of 510. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 475 Intermediate Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: Male 4th grade students reaching the intermediate international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of male 4th grade students scoring at least 475 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the intermediate benchmarking level can A) Retrieve and reproduce explicitly stated actions, events, and feelings, B) Make straightforward inferences about the attributes, feelings, and motivations of main characters, C) Interpret obvious reasons and causes and give simple explanations, and D) Begin to recognize language features and style. When reading Informational Texts, students at the informational level can A) Locate and reproduce two or three pieces of information from within the text, and B) Use subheadings, text boxes, and illustrations to locate parts of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Intermediate Benchmark was called the "Median Benchmark" (50th percentile score or median), which corresponded to a scale score of 510. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 475 Intermediate Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Male 4th grade students reaching the intermediate international benchmark in reading achievement (%)


sourceNote: Male 4th grade students reaching the intermediate international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of male 4th grade students scoring at least 475 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the intermediate benchmarking level can A) Retrieve and reproduce explicitly stated actions, events, and feelings, B) Make straightforward inferences about the attributes, feelings, and motivations of main characters, C) Interpret obvious reasons and causes and give simple explanations, and D) Begin to recognize language features and style. When reading Informational Texts, students at the informational level can A) Locate and reproduce two or three pieces of information from within the text, and B) Use subheadings, text boxes, and illustrations to locate parts of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Intermediate Benchmark was called the "Median Benchmark" (50th percentile score or median), which corresponded to a scale score of 510. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 475 Intermediate Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


name: Fragile and conflict affected situations


name: Middle East & North Africa (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Fourth grade students reaching the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%)

Longdefinition: Fourth grade students reaching the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of fourth grade students scoring at least 400 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the low benchmarking level can locate and retrieve an explicitly stated detail. When reading Informational Texts, students at the low benchmark can locate and reproduce explicitly stated information that is at the beginning of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Low Benchmark was called the "Lower Quarter Benchmark" (25th percentile score), which corresponded to a scale score of 435. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 400 Low Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: Fourth grade students reaching the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of fourth grade students scoring at least 400 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the low benchmarking level can locate and retrieve an explicitly stated detail. When reading Informational Texts, students at the low benchmark can locate and reproduce explicitly stated information that is at the beginning of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Low Benchmark was called the "Lower Quarter Benchmark" (25th percentile score), which corresponded to a scale score of 435. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 400 Low Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Fourth grade students reaching the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%)


sourceNote: Fourth grade students reaching the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of fourth grade students scoring at least 400 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the low benchmarking level can locate and retrieve an explicitly stated detail. When reading Informational Texts, students at the low benchmark can locate and reproduce explicitly stated information that is at the beginning of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Low Benchmark was called the "Lower Quarter Benchmark" (25th percentile score), which corresponded to a scale score of 435. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 400 Low Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


name: East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)


name: East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Female 4th grade students reaching the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%)

Longdefinition: Female 4th grade students reaching the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of female 4th grade students scoring at least 400 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the low benchmarking level can locate and retrieve an explicitly stated detail. When reading Informational Texts, students at the low benchmark can locate and reproduce explicitly stated information that is at the beginning of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Low Benchmark was called the "Lower Quarter Benchmark" (25th percentile score), which corresponded to a scale score of 435. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 400 Low Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: Female 4th grade students reaching the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of female 4th grade students scoring at least 400 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the low benchmarking level can locate and retrieve an explicitly stated detail. When reading Informational Texts, students at the low benchmark can locate and reproduce explicitly stated information that is at the beginning of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Low Benchmark was called the "Lower Quarter Benchmark" (25th percentile score), which corresponded to a scale score of 435. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 400 Low Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Female 4th grade students reaching the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%)


sourceNote: Female 4th grade students reaching the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of female 4th grade students scoring at least 400 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the low benchmarking level can locate and retrieve an explicitly stated detail. When reading Informational Texts, students at the low benchmark can locate and reproduce explicitly stated information that is at the beginning of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Low Benchmark was called the "Lower Quarter Benchmark" (25th percentile score), which corresponded to a scale score of 435. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 400 Low Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


name: Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income)


name: Least developed countries: UN classification


name: Middle East & North Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Male 4th grade students reaching the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%)

Longdefinition: Male 4th grade students reaching the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of male 4th grade students scoring at least 400 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the low benchmarking level can locate and retrieve an explicitly stated detail. When reading Informational Texts, students at the low benchmark can locate and reproduce explicitly stated information that is at the beginning of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Low Benchmark was called the "Lower Quarter Benchmark" (25th percentile score), which corresponded to a scale score of 435. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 400 Low Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: Male 4th grade students reaching the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of male 4th grade students scoring at least 400 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the low benchmarking level can locate and retrieve an explicitly stated detail. When reading Informational Texts, students at the low benchmark can locate and reproduce explicitly stated information that is at the beginning of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Low Benchmark was called the "Lower Quarter Benchmark" (25th percentile score), which corresponded to a scale score of 435. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 400 Low Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Male 4th grade students reaching the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%)


sourceNote: Male 4th grade students reaching the low international benchmark in reading achievement (%) is the share of male 4th grade students scoring at least 400 on the reading assessment. When reading Literary Texts, students at the low benchmarking level can locate and retrieve an explicitly stated detail. When reading Informational Texts, students at the low benchmark can locate and reproduce explicitly stated information that is at the beginning of the text. The procedure for identifying International Benchmarks changed from the PIRLS 2001 method of using percentiles to a method based on scores that do not change from PIRLS cycle to cycle. In PIRLS 2001, the Low Benchmark was called the "Lower Quarter Benchmark" (25th percentile score), which corresponded to a scale score of 435. The 2001 data in this database were recalculated based on a 400 Low Benchmark score and are different than the data found in the 2001 PIRLS report. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


name: Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Mean performance on the reading scale for fourth grade students. Male

Longdefinition: Mean performance on the reading scale for fourth grade students. Male is the average scale score for male fourth graders on the PIRLS reading assessment. The scale centerpoint is 500. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Mean performance on the reading scale, male


Shortdefinition: Mean performance on the reading scale for fourth grade students. Male is the average scale score for male fourth graders on the PIRLS reading assessment. The scale centerpoint is 500. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


sourceNote: Mean performance on the reading scale for fourth grade students. Male is the average scale score for male fourth graders on the PIRLS reading assessment. The scale centerpoint is 500. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Distribution of Reading Scores: 5th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 5th percentile score is the score below which 5 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: The 5th percentile score is the score below which 5 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Distribution of Reading Scores: 5th Percentile Score


sourceNote: The 5th percentile score is the score below which 5 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


name: Fragile and conflict affected situations


name: Middle East & North Africa (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Distribution of Reading Scores: 10th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 10th percentile score is the score below which 10 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: The 10th percentile score is the score below which 10 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Distribution of Reading Scores: 10th Percentile Score


sourceNote: The 10th percentile score is the score below which 10 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


name: East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)


name: East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Distribution of Reading Scores: 25th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 25th percentile score is the score below which 25 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: The 25th percentile score is the score below which 25 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Distribution of Reading Scores: 25th Percentile Score


sourceNote: The 25th percentile score is the score below which 25 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


name: Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income)


name: Least developed countries: UN classification


name: Middle East & North Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Distribution of Reading Scores: 50th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 50th percentile score is the score below which 50 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: The 50th percentile score is the score below which 50 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Distribution of Reading Scores: 50th Percentile Score


sourceNote: The 50th percentile score is the score below which 50 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


name: Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Distribution of Reading Scores: 75th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 75th percentile score is the score below which 75 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: The 75th percentile score is the score below which 75 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Distribution of Reading Scores: 75th Percentile Score


sourceNote: The 75th percentile score is the score below which 75 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Distribution of Reading Scores: 90th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 90th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: The 90th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Distribution of Reading Scores: 90th Percentile Score


sourceNote: The 90th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


name: Fragile and conflict affected situations


name: Middle East & North Africa (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIRLS: Distribution of Reading Scores: 95th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 95th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


Shortdefinition: The 95th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/

name: PIRLS: Distribution of Reading Scores: 95th Percentile Score


sourceNote: The 95th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of students scored. Data reflects country performance in the stated year, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PIRLS website for more detailed information: http://timssandpirls.bc.edu/


name: East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PISA: Mean performance on the mathematics scale

Longdefinition: Average score of 15-year-old students on the PISA mathematics scale. The metric for the overall mathematics scale is based on a mean for OECD countries of 500 points and a standard deviation of 100 points. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

Source: OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA)


Shortdefinition: Average score of 15-year-old students on the PISA mathematics scale. The metric for the overall mathematics scale is based on a mean for OECD countries of 500 points and a standard deviation of 100 points. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

name: PISA: Mean performance on the mathematics scale

sourceOrganization: OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA)


sourceNote: Average score of 15-year-old students on the PISA mathematics scale. The metric for the overall mathematics scale is based on a mean for OECD countries of 500 points and a standard deviation of 100 points. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


name: Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)


name: East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Below Level 1

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students below the lowest proficiency level (scoring 358 or below) on the PISA mathematics scale. Students below Level 1 may be able to perform very direct and straightforward mathematical tasks, such as reading a single value from a well-labeled chart or table where the labels on the chart match the words in the stimulus and question, so that the selection criteria are clear and the relationship between the chart and the aspects of the context depicted are evident, and performing arithmetic calculations with whole numbers by following clear and well-defined instructions. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students below the lowest proficiency level (scoring 358 or below) on the PISA mathematics scale. Students below Level 1 may be able to perform very direct and straightforward mathematical tasks, such as reading a single value from a well-labeled chart or table where the labels on the chart match the words in the stimulus and question, so that the selection criteria are clear and the relationship between the chart and the aspects of the context depicted are evident, and performing arithmetic calculations with whole numbers by following clear and well-defined instructions. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

name: PISA: 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Below Level 1


sourceNote: Percentage of 15-year-old students below the lowest proficiency level (scoring 358 or below) on the PISA mathematics scale. Students below Level 1 may be able to perform very direct and straightforward mathematical tasks, such as reading a single value from a well-labeled chart or table where the labels on the chart match the words in the stimulus and question, so that the selection criteria are clear and the relationship between the chart and the aspects of the context depicted are evident, and performing arithmetic calculations with whole numbers by following clear and well-defined instructions. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


name: Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income)


name: Least developed countries: UN classification


name: Middle East & North Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income)


name: Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Below Level 1

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students below the lowest proficiency level (scoring 358 or below) on the PISA mathematics scale. Students below Level 1 may be able to perform very direct and straightforward mathematical tasks, such as reading a single value from a well-labeled chart or table where the labels on the chart match the words in the stimulus and question, so that the selection criteria are clear and the relationship between the chart and the aspects of the context depicted are evident, and performing arithmetic calculations with whole numbers by following clear and well-defined instructions. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students below the lowest proficiency level (scoring 358 or below) on the PISA mathematics scale. Students below Level 1 may be able to perform very direct and straightforward mathematical tasks, such as reading a single value from a well-labeled chart or table where the labels on the chart match the words in the stimulus and question, so that the selection criteria are clear and the relationship between the chart and the aspects of the context depicted are evident, and performing arithmetic calculations with whole numbers by following clear and well-defined instructions. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

name: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Below Level 1


sourceNote: Percentage of 15-year-old female students below the lowest proficiency level (scoring 358 or below) on the PISA mathematics scale. Students below Level 1 may be able to perform very direct and straightforward mathematical tasks, such as reading a single value from a well-labeled chart or table where the labels on the chart match the words in the stimulus and question, so that the selection criteria are clear and the relationship between the chart and the aspects of the context depicted are evident, and performing arithmetic calculations with whole numbers by following clear and well-defined instructions. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Below Level 1

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students below the lowest proficiency level (scoring 358 or below) on the PISA mathematics scale. Students below Level 1 may be able to perform very direct and straightforward mathematical tasks, such as reading a single value from a well-labeled chart or table where the labels on the chart match the words in the stimulus and question, so that the selection criteria are clear and the relationship between the chart and the aspects of the context depicted are evident, and performing arithmetic calculations with whole numbers by following clear and well-defined instructions. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students below the lowest proficiency level (scoring 358 or below) on the PISA mathematics scale. Students below Level 1 may be able to perform very direct and straightforward mathematical tasks, such as reading a single value from a well-labeled chart or table where the labels on the chart match the words in the stimulus and question, so that the selection criteria are clear and the relationship between the chart and the aspects of the context depicted are evident, and performing arithmetic calculations with whole numbers by following clear and well-defined instructions. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

name: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Below Level 1


sourceNote: Percentage of 15-year-old male students below the lowest proficiency level (scoring 358 or below) on the PISA mathematics scale. Students below Level 1 may be able to perform very direct and straightforward mathematical tasks, such as reading a single value from a well-labeled chart or table where the labels on the chart match the words in the stimulus and question, so that the selection criteria are clear and the relationship between the chart and the aspects of the context depicted are evident, and performing arithmetic calculations with whole numbers by following clear and well-defined instructions. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


name: Fragile and conflict affected situations


name: Middle East & North Africa (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 1

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 358 but lower than or equal to 420 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 1, students can answer questions involving familiar contexts where all relevant information is present and the questions are clearly defined. They are able to identify information and to carry out routine procedures according to direct instructions in explicit situations. They can perform actions that are almost always obvious and follow immediately from the given stimuli. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


name: PISA: 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 1

sourceNote: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 358 but lower than or equal to 420 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 1, students can answer questions involving familiar contexts where all relevant information is present and the questions are clearly defined. They are able to identify information and to carry out routine procedures according to direct instructions in explicit situations. They can perform actions that are almost always obvious and follow immediately from the given stimuli. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


name: East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 1

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 358 but lower than or equal to 420 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 1, students can answer questions involving familiar contexts where all relevant information is present and the questions are clearly defined. They are able to identify information and to carry out routine procedures according to direct instructions in explicit situations. They can perform actions that are almost always obvious and follow immediately from the given stimuli. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 358 but lower than or equal to 420 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 1, students can answer questions involving familiar contexts where all relevant information is present and the questions are clearly defined. They are able to identify information and to carry out routine procedures according to direct instructions in explicit situations. They can perform actions that are almost always obvious and follow immediately from the given stimuli. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

name: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 1


sourceNote: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 358 but lower than or equal to 420 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 1, students can answer questions involving familiar contexts where all relevant information is present and the questions are clearly defined. They are able to identify information and to carry out routine procedures according to direct instructions in explicit situations. They can perform actions that are almost always obvious and follow immediately from the given stimuli. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


name: Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 1

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 358 but lower than or equal to 420 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 1, students can answer questions involving familiar contexts where all relevant information is present and the questions are clearly defined. They are able to identify information and to carry out routine procedures according to direct instructions in explicit situations. They can perform actions that are almost always obvious and follow immediately from the given stimuli. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 358 but lower than or equal to 420 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 1, students can answer questions involving familiar contexts where all relevant information is present and the questions are clearly defined. They are able to identify information and to carry out routine procedures according to direct instructions in explicit situations. They can perform actions that are almost always obvious and follow immediately from the given stimuli. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

name: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 1


sourceNote: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 358 but lower than or equal to 420 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 1, students can answer questions involving familiar contexts where all relevant information is present and the questions are clearly defined. They are able to identify information and to carry out routine procedures according to direct instructions in explicit situations. They can perform actions that are almost always obvious and follow immediately from the given stimuli. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


name: East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 2

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 420 but lower than or equal to 482 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 2, students can interpret and recognize situations in contexts that require no more than direct inference. They can extract relevant information from a single source and make use of a single representational mode. Students at this level can employ basic algorithms, formulae, procedures, or conventions to solve problems involving whole numbers. They are capable of making literal interpretations of the results. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 420 but lower than or equal to 482 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 2, students can interpret and recognize situations in contexts that require no more than direct inference. They can extract relevant information from a single source and make use of a single representational mode. Students at this level can employ basic algorithms, formulae, procedures, or conventions to solve problems involving whole numbers. They are capable of making literal interpretations of the results. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

name: PISA: 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 2


sourceNote: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 420 but lower than or equal to 482 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 2, students can interpret and recognize situations in contexts that require no more than direct inference. They can extract relevant information from a single source and make use of a single representational mode. Students at this level can employ basic algorithms, formulae, procedures, or conventions to solve problems involving whole numbers. They are capable of making literal interpretations of the results. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


name: Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income)


name: Least developed countries: UN classification


name: Middle East & North Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income)


name: Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 2

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 420 but lower than or equal to 482 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 2, students can interpret and recognize situations in contexts that require no more than direct inference. They can extract relevant information from a single source and make use of a single representational mode. Students at this level can employ basic algorithms, formulae, procedures, or conventions to solve problems involving whole numbers. They are capable of making literal interpretations of the results. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 420 but lower than or equal to 482 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 2, students can interpret and recognize situations in contexts that require no more than direct inference. They can extract relevant information from a single source and make use of a single representational mode. Students at this level can employ basic algorithms, formulae, procedures, or conventions to solve problems involving whole numbers. They are capable of making literal interpretations of the results. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

name: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 2


sourceNote: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 420 but lower than or equal to 482 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 2, students can interpret and recognize situations in contexts that require no more than direct inference. They can extract relevant information from a single source and make use of a single representational mode. Students at this level can employ basic algorithms, formulae, procedures, or conventions to solve problems involving whole numbers. They are capable of making literal interpretations of the results. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


name: Fragile and conflict affected situations


name: Middle East & North Africa (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 2

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 420 but lower than or equal to 482 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 2, students can interpret and recognize situations in contexts that require no more than direct inference. They can extract relevant information from a single source and make use of a single representational mode. Students at this level can employ basic algorithms, formulae, procedures, or conventions to solve problems involving whole numbers. They are capable of making literal interpretations of the results. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 420 but lower than or equal to 482 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 2, students can interpret and recognize situations in contexts that require no more than direct inference. They can extract relevant information from a single source and make use of a single representational mode. Students at this level can employ basic algorithms, formulae, procedures, or conventions to solve problems involving whole numbers. They are capable of making literal interpretations of the results. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

name: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 2


sourceNote: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 420 but lower than or equal to 482 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 2, students can interpret and recognize situations in contexts that require no more than direct inference. They can extract relevant information from a single source and make use of a single representational mode. Students at this level can employ basic algorithms, formulae, procedures, or conventions to solve problems involving whole numbers. They are capable of making literal interpretations of the results. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


name: East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PISA: 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 3

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 482 but lower than or equal to 545 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 3, students can execute clearly described procedures, including those that require sequential decisions. Their interpretations are sufficiently sound to be a base for building a simple model or for selecting and applying simple problem- solving strategies. Students at this level can interpret and use representations based on different information sources and reason directly from them. They typically show some ability to handle percentages, fractions and decimal numbers, and to work with proportional relationships. Their solutions reflect that they have engaged in basic interpretation and reasoning. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 482 but lower than or equal to 545 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 3, students can execute clearly described procedures, including those that require sequential decisions. Their interpretations are sufficiently sound to be a base for building a simple model or for selecting and applying simple problem- solving strategies. Students at this level can interpret and use representations based on different information sources and reason directly from them. They typically show some ability to handle percentages, fractions and decimal numbers, and to work with proportional relationships. Their solutions reflect that they have engaged in basic interpretation and reasoning. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

name: PISA: 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 3


sourceNote: Percentage of 15-year-old students scoring higher than 482 but lower than or equal to 545 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 3, students can execute clearly described procedures, including those that require sequential decisions. Their interpretations are sufficiently sound to be a base for building a simple model or for selecting and applying simple problem- solving strategies. Students at this level can interpret and use representations based on different information sources and reason directly from them. They typically show some ability to handle percentages, fractions and decimal numbers, and to work with proportional relationships. Their solutions reflect that they have engaged in basic interpretation and reasoning. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


name: Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 3

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 482 but lower than or equal to 545 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 3, students can execute clearly described procedures, including those that require sequential decisions. Their interpretations are sufficiently sound to be a base for building a simple model or for selecting and applying simple problem- solving strategies. Students at this level can interpret and use representations based on different information sources and reason directly from them. They typically show some ability to handle percentages, fractions and decimal numbers, and to work with proportional relationships. Their solutions reflect that they have engaged in basic interpretation and reasoning. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 482 but lower than or equal to 545 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 3, students can execute clearly described procedures, including those that require sequential decisions. Their interpretations are sufficiently sound to be a base for building a simple model or for selecting and applying simple problem- solving strategies. Students at this level can interpret and use representations based on different information sources and reason directly from them. They typically show some ability to handle percentages, fractions and decimal numbers, and to work with proportional relationships. Their solutions reflect that they have engaged in basic interpretation and reasoning. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

name: PISA: Female 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 3


sourceNote: Percentage of 15-year-old female students scoring higher than 482 but lower than or equal to 545 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 3, students can execute clearly described procedures, including those that require sequential decisions. Their interpretations are sufficiently sound to be a base for building a simple model or for selecting and applying simple problem- solving strategies. Students at this level can interpret and use representations based on different information sources and reason directly from them. They typically show some ability to handle percentages, fractions and decimal numbers, and to work with proportional relationships. Their solutions reflect that they have engaged in basic interpretation and reasoning. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


name: East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 3

Longdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 482 but lower than or equal to 545 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 3, students can execute clearly described procedures, including those that require sequential decisions. Their interpretations are sufficiently sound to be a base for building a simple model or for selecting and applying simple problem- solving strategies. Students at this level can interpret and use representations based on different information sources and reason directly from them. They typically show some ability to handle percentages, fractions and decimal numbers, and to work with proportional relationships. Their solutions reflect that they have engaged in basic interpretation and reasoning. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of 15-year-old male students scoring higher than 482 but lower than or equal to 545 points on the PISA mathematics scale. At Level 3, students can execute clearly described procedures, including those that require sequential decisions. Their interpretations are sufficiently sound to be a base for building a simple model or for selecting and applying simple problem- solving strategies. Students at this level can interpret and use representations based on different information sources and reason directly from them. They typically show some ability to handle percentages, fractions and decimal numbers, and to work with proportional relationships. Their solutions reflect that they have engaged in basic interpretation and reasoning. Data reflects country performance in the stated year according to PISA reports, but may not be comparable across years or countries. Consult the PISA website for more detailed information: http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

name: PISA: Male 15-year-olds by mathematics proficiency level (%). Level 3