sourceNote: Percentage of male adults scoring at least 326 on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at level 4 often require respondents to perform multiple-step operations to integrate, interpret, or synthesize information from complex or lengthy continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple type texts. Complex inferences and application of background knowledge may be needed to perform the task successfully. Many tasks require identifying and understanding one or more specific, non-central idea(s) in the text in order to interpret or evaluate subtle evidence-claim or persuasive discourse relationships. Conditional information is frequently present in tasks at this level and must be taken into consideration by the respondent. Competing information is present and sometimes seemingly as prominent as correct information. Tasks at level 5 often require respondents to perform multiple-step operations to integrate, interpret, or synthesize information from complex or lengthy continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple type texts. Complex inferences and application of background knowledge may be needed to perform the task successfully. Many tasks require identifying and understanding one or more specific, non-central idea(s) in the text in order to interpret or evaluate subtle evidence-claim or persuasive discourse relationships. Conditional information is frequently present in tasks at this level and must be taken into consideration by the respondent. Competing information is present and sometimes seemingly as prominent as correct information. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Male adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Level 4 & 5

Longdefinition: Percentage of male adults scoring at least 326 on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at level 4 often require respondents to perform multiple-step operations to integrate, interpret, or synthesize information from complex or lengthy continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple type texts. Complex inferences and application of background knowledge may be needed to perform the task successfully. Many tasks require identifying and understanding one or more specific, non-central idea(s) in the text in order to interpret or evaluate subtle evidence-claim or persuasive discourse relationships. Conditional information is frequently present in tasks at this level and must be taken into consideration by the respondent. Competing information is present and sometimes seemingly as prominent as correct information. Tasks at level 5 often require respondents to perform multiple-step operations to integrate, interpret, or synthesize information from complex or lengthy continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple type texts. Complex inferences and application of background knowledge may be needed to perform the task successfully. Many tasks require identifying and understanding one or more specific, non-central idea(s) in the text in order to interpret or evaluate subtle evidence-claim or persuasive discourse relationships. Conditional information is frequently present in tasks at this level and must be taken into consideration by the respondent. Competing information is present and sometimes seemingly as prominent as correct information. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

Source: OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC)

Topic: Learning Outcomes

value: Education Statistics

name: Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income)


Shortdefinition: Percentage of male adults scoring at least 326 on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at level 4 often require respondents to perform multiple-step operations to integrate, interpret, or synthesize information from complex or lengthy continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple type texts. Complex inferences and application of background knowledge may be needed to perform the task successfully. Many tasks require identifying and understanding one or more specific, non-central idea(s) in the text in order to interpret or evaluate subtle evidence-claim or persuasive discourse relationships. Conditional information is frequently present in tasks at this level and must be taken into consideration by the respondent. Competing information is present and sometimes seemingly as prominent as correct information. Tasks at level 5 often require respondents to perform multiple-step operations to integrate, interpret, or synthesize information from complex or lengthy continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple type texts. Complex inferences and application of background knowledge may be needed to perform the task successfully. Many tasks require identifying and understanding one or more specific, non-central idea(s) in the text in order to interpret or evaluate subtle evidence-claim or persuasive discourse relationships. Conditional information is frequently present in tasks at this level and must be taken into consideration by the respondent. Competing information is present and sometimes seemingly as prominent as correct information. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Male adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Level 4 & 5

sourceOrganization: OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC)

name: Least developed countries: UN classification


name: Middle East & North Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income)


name: East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Fragile and conflict affected situations


name: Middle East & North Africa (excluding high income)


name: Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Male adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Level 5

Longdefinition: Percentage of male adults scoring equal to or higher than 376 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. At this level, tasks may require the respondent to search for and integrate information across multiple, dense texts; construct syntheses of similar and contrasting ideas or points of view; or evaluate evidence based arguments. Application and evaluation of logical and conceptual models of ideas may be required to accomplish tasks. Evaluating reliability of evidentiary sources and selecting key information is frequently a requirement. Tasks often require respondents to be aware of subtle, rhetorical cues and to make high-level inferences or use specialized background knowledge. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of male adults scoring equal to or higher than 376 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. At this level, tasks may require the respondent to search for and integrate information across multiple, dense texts; construct syntheses of similar and contrasting ideas or points of view; or evaluate evidence based arguments. Application and evaluation of logical and conceptual models of ideas may be required to accomplish tasks. Evaluating reliability of evidentiary sources and selecting key information is frequently a requirement. Tasks often require respondents to be aware of subtle, rhetorical cues and to make high-level inferences or use specialized background knowledge. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Male adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Level 5


sourceNote: Percentage of male adults scoring equal to or higher than 376 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. At this level, tasks may require the respondent to search for and integrate information across multiple, dense texts; construct syntheses of similar and contrasting ideas or points of view; or evaluate evidence based arguments. Application and evaluation of logical and conceptual models of ideas may be required to accomplish tasks. Evaluating reliability of evidentiary sources and selecting key information is frequently a requirement. Tasks often require respondents to be aware of subtle, rhetorical cues and to make high-level inferences or use specialized background knowledge. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Male adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Below Level 1

Longdefinition: Percentage of male adults scoring below 176 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. The tasks at this level require the respondent to read brief texts on familiar topics to locate a single piece of specific information. There is seldom any competing information in the text and the requested information is identical in form to information in the question or directive. The respondent may be required to locate information in short continuous texts. However, in this case, the information can be located as if the text were non-continuous in format. Only basic vocabulary knowledge is required, and the reader is not required to understand the structure of sentences or paragraphs or make use of other text features. Tasks below Level 1 do not make use of any features specific to digital texts. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of male adults scoring below 176 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. The tasks at this level require the respondent to read brief texts on familiar topics to locate a single piece of specific information. There is seldom any competing information in the text and the requested information is identical in form to information in the question or directive. The respondent may be required to locate information in short continuous texts. However, in this case, the information can be located as if the text were non-continuous in format. Only basic vocabulary knowledge is required, and the reader is not required to understand the structure of sentences or paragraphs or make use of other text features. Tasks below Level 1 do not make use of any features specific to digital texts. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Male adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Below Level 1


sourceNote: Percentage of male adults scoring below 176 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. The tasks at this level require the respondent to read brief texts on familiar topics to locate a single piece of specific information. There is seldom any competing information in the text and the requested information is identical in form to information in the question or directive. The respondent may be required to locate information in short continuous texts. However, in this case, the information can be located as if the text were non-continuous in format. Only basic vocabulary knowledge is required, and the reader is not required to understand the structure of sentences or paragraphs or make use of other text features. Tasks below Level 1 do not make use of any features specific to digital texts. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Distribution of Adult Literacy Scores: 5th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 5th percentile score is the score below which 5 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: The 5th percentile score is the score below which 5 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Distribution of Adult Literacy Scores: 5th Percentile Score


sourceNote: The 5th percentile score is the score below which 5 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Distribution of Adult Literacy Scores: 10th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 10th percentile score is the score below which 10 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: The 10th percentile score is the score below which 10 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Distribution of Adult Literacy Scores: 10th Percentile Score


sourceNote: The 10th percentile score is the score below which 10 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Distribution of Adult Literacy Scores: 25th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 25th percentile score is the score below which 25 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: The 25th percentile score is the score below which 25 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Distribution of Adult Literacy Scores: 25th Percentile Score


sourceNote: The 25th percentile score is the score below which 25 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Least developed countries: UN classification


name: Middle East & North Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income)


name: East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Distribution of Adult Literacy Scores: 50th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 50th percentile score is the score below which 50 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)


Shortdefinition: The 50th percentile score is the score below which 50 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Distribution of Adult Literacy Scores: 50th Percentile Score


sourceNote: The 50th percentile score is the score below which 50 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Fragile and conflict affected situations


name: Middle East & North Africa (excluding high income)


name: Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Distribution of Adult Literacy Scores: 75th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 75th percentile score is the score below which 75 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: The 75th percentile score is the score below which 75 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Distribution of Adult Literacy Scores: 75th Percentile Score


sourceNote: The 75th percentile score is the score below which 75 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Distribution of Adult Literacy Scores: 90th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 90th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: The 90th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Distribution of Adult Literacy Scores: 90th Percentile Score


sourceNote: The 90th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Distribution of Adult Literacy Scores: 95th Percentile Score

Longdefinition: The 95th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: The 95th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Distribution of Adult Literacy Scores: 95th Percentile Score


sourceNote: The 95th percentile score is the score below which 90 percent of adults (age 16 to 65) scored. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Mean Young Adult Literacy Proficiency. Total

Longdefinition: Literacy is defined as the ability to understand, evaluate, use and engage with written texts to participate in society, to achieve one’s goals, and to develop one’s knowledge and potential. Literacy encompasses a range of skills from the decoding of written words and sentences to the comprehension, interpretation, and evaluation of complex texts. It does not, however, involve the production of text (writing). Information on the skills of adults with low levels of proficiency is provided by an assessment of reading components that covers text vocabulary, sentence comprehension and passage fluency. The target population was the non institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. Literacy-related non-respondents are not included in the calculation of the mean scores which, thus, present an upper bound of the estimated literacy proficiency of the population. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Literacy is defined as the ability to understand, evaluate, use and engage with written texts to participate in society, to achieve one’s goals, and to develop one’s knowledge and potential. Literacy encompasses a range of skills from the decoding of written words and sentences to the comprehension, interpretation, and evaluation of complex texts. It does not, however, involve the production of text (writing). Information on the skills of adults with low levels of proficiency is provided by an assessment of reading components that covers text vocabulary, sentence comprehension and passage fluency. The target population was the non institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. Literacy-related non-respondents are not included in the calculation of the mean scores which, thus, present an upper bound of the estimated literacy proficiency of the population. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Mean Young Adult Literacy Proficiency. Total


sourceNote: Literacy is defined as the ability to understand, evaluate, use and engage with written texts to participate in society, to achieve one’s goals, and to develop one’s knowledge and potential. Literacy encompasses a range of skills from the decoding of written words and sentences to the comprehension, interpretation, and evaluation of complex texts. It does not, however, involve the production of text (writing). Information on the skills of adults with low levels of proficiency is provided by an assessment of reading components that covers text vocabulary, sentence comprehension and passage fluency. The target population was the non institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. Literacy-related non-respondents are not included in the calculation of the mean scores which, thus, present an upper bound of the estimated literacy proficiency of the population. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Least developed countries: UN classification


name: Middle East & North Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income)


name: East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Young adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Level 1

Longdefinition: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring 176 to less than 226 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Most of the tasks at this level require the respondent to read relatively short digital or print continuous, non-continuous, or mixed texts to locate a single piece of information that is identical to or synonymous with the information given in the question or directive. Some tasks, such as those involving non-continuous texts, may require the respondent to enter personal information onto a document. Little, if any, competing information is present. Some tasks may require simple cycling through more than one piece of information. Knowledge and skill in recognizing basic vocabulary determining the meaning of sentences, and reading paragraphs of text is expected. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring 176 to less than 226 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Most of the tasks at this level require the respondent to read relatively short digital or print continuous, non-continuous, or mixed texts to locate a single piece of information that is identical to or synonymous with the information given in the question or directive. Some tasks, such as those involving non-continuous texts, may require the respondent to enter personal information onto a document. Little, if any, competing information is present. Some tasks may require simple cycling through more than one piece of information. Knowledge and skill in recognizing basic vocabulary determining the meaning of sentences, and reading paragraphs of text is expected. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Young adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Level 1


sourceNote: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring 176 to less than 226 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Most of the tasks at this level require the respondent to read relatively short digital or print continuous, non-continuous, or mixed texts to locate a single piece of information that is identical to or synonymous with the information given in the question or directive. Some tasks, such as those involving non-continuous texts, may require the respondent to enter personal information onto a document. Little, if any, competing information is present. Some tasks may require simple cycling through more than one piece of information. Knowledge and skill in recognizing basic vocabulary determining the meaning of sentences, and reading paragraphs of text is expected. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Fragile and conflict affected situations


name: Middle East & North Africa (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Young adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Level 2

Longdefinition: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring 226 to less than 276 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. At this level, the medium of texts may be digital or printed, and texts may comprise continuous, non-continuous, or mixed types. Tasks at this level require respondents to make matches between the text and information, and may require paraphrasing or low-level inferences. Some competing pieces of information may be present. Some tasks require the respondent to either A) cycle through or integrate two or more pieces of information based on criteria; B) compare and contrast or reason about information requested in the question; or C) navigate within digital texts to access and identify information from various parts of a document. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring 226 to less than 276 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. At this level, the medium of texts may be digital or printed, and texts may comprise continuous, non-continuous, or mixed types. Tasks at this level require respondents to make matches between the text and information, and may require paraphrasing or low-level inferences. Some competing pieces of information may be present. Some tasks require the respondent to either A) cycle through or integrate two or more pieces of information based on criteria; B) compare and contrast or reason about information requested in the question; or C) navigate within digital texts to access and identify information from various parts of a document. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Young adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Level 2


sourceNote: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring 226 to less than 276 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. At this level, the medium of texts may be digital or printed, and texts may comprise continuous, non-continuous, or mixed types. Tasks at this level require respondents to make matches between the text and information, and may require paraphrasing or low-level inferences. Some competing pieces of information may be present. Some tasks require the respondent to either A) cycle through or integrate two or more pieces of information based on criteria; B) compare and contrast or reason about information requested in the question; or C) navigate within digital texts to access and identify information from various parts of a document. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Young adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Level 3

Longdefinition: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring 276 to less than 326 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Texts at this level are often dense or lengthy, and include continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple pages of text. Understanding text and rhetorical structures become more central to successfully completing tasks, especially navigating complex digital texts. Tasks require the respondent to identify, interpret, or evaluate one or more pieces of information, and often require varying levels of inference. Many tasks require the respondent to construct meaning across larger chunks of text or perform multi-step operations in order to identify and formulate responses. Often tasks also demand that the respondent disregard irrelevant or inappropriate content to answer accurately. Competing information is often present, but it is not more prominent than the correct information. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring 276 to less than 326 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Texts at this level are often dense or lengthy, and include continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple pages of text. Understanding text and rhetorical structures become more central to successfully completing tasks, especially navigating complex digital texts. Tasks require the respondent to identify, interpret, or evaluate one or more pieces of information, and often require varying levels of inference. Many tasks require the respondent to construct meaning across larger chunks of text or perform multi-step operations in order to identify and formulate responses. Often tasks also demand that the respondent disregard irrelevant or inappropriate content to answer accurately. Competing information is often present, but it is not more prominent than the correct information. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Young adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Level 3


sourceNote: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring 276 to less than 326 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Texts at this level are often dense or lengthy, and include continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple pages of text. Understanding text and rhetorical structures become more central to successfully completing tasks, especially navigating complex digital texts. Tasks require the respondent to identify, interpret, or evaluate one or more pieces of information, and often require varying levels of inference. Many tasks require the respondent to construct meaning across larger chunks of text or perform multi-step operations in order to identify and formulate responses. Often tasks also demand that the respondent disregard irrelevant or inappropriate content to answer accurately. Competing information is often present, but it is not more prominent than the correct information. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Young adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Level 4

Longdefinition: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring 326 to less than 376 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level often require respondents to perform multiple-step operations to integrate, interpret, or synthesize information from complex or lengthy continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple type texts. Complex inferences and application of background knowledge may be needed to perform the task successfully. Many tasks require identifying and understanding one or more specific, non-central idea(s) in the text in order to interpret or evaluate subtle evidence-claim or persuasive discourse relationships. Conditional information is frequently present in tasks at this level and must be taken into consideration by the respondent. Competing information is present and sometimes seemingly as prominent as correct information. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring 326 to less than 376 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level often require respondents to perform multiple-step operations to integrate, interpret, or synthesize information from complex or lengthy continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple type texts. Complex inferences and application of background knowledge may be needed to perform the task successfully. Many tasks require identifying and understanding one or more specific, non-central idea(s) in the text in order to interpret or evaluate subtle evidence-claim or persuasive discourse relationships. Conditional information is frequently present in tasks at this level and must be taken into consideration by the respondent. Competing information is present and sometimes seemingly as prominent as correct information. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Young adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Level 4


sourceNote: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring 326 to less than 376 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level often require respondents to perform multiple-step operations to integrate, interpret, or synthesize information from complex or lengthy continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple type texts. Complex inferences and application of background knowledge may be needed to perform the task successfully. Many tasks require identifying and understanding one or more specific, non-central idea(s) in the text in order to interpret or evaluate subtle evidence-claim or persuasive discourse relationships. Conditional information is frequently present in tasks at this level and must be taken into consideration by the respondent. Competing information is present and sometimes seemingly as prominent as correct information. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Young adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Level 4 & 5

Longdefinition: Percentage of young adults scoring at least 326 on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at level 4 often require respondents to perform multiple-step operations to integrate, interpret, or synthesize information from complex or lengthy continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple type texts. Complex inferences and application of background knowledge may be needed to perform the task successfully. Many tasks require identifying and understanding one or more specific, non-central idea(s) in the text in order to interpret or evaluate subtle evidence-claim or persuasive discourse relationships. Conditional information is frequently present in tasks at this level and must be taken into consideration by the respondent. Competing information is present and sometimes seemingly as prominent as correct information. Tasks at level 5 often require respondents to perform multiple-step operations to integrate, interpret, or synthesize information from complex or lengthy continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple type texts. Complex inferences and application of background knowledge may be needed to perform the task successfully. Many tasks require identifying and understanding one or more specific, non-central idea(s) in the text in order to interpret or evaluate subtle evidence-claim or persuasive discourse relationships. Conditional information is frequently present in tasks at this level and must be taken into consideration by the respondent. Competing information is present and sometimes seemingly as prominent as correct information. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of young adults scoring at least 326 on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at level 4 often require respondents to perform multiple-step operations to integrate, interpret, or synthesize information from complex or lengthy continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple type texts. Complex inferences and application of background knowledge may be needed to perform the task successfully. Many tasks require identifying and understanding one or more specific, non-central idea(s) in the text in order to interpret or evaluate subtle evidence-claim or persuasive discourse relationships. Conditional information is frequently present in tasks at this level and must be taken into consideration by the respondent. Competing information is present and sometimes seemingly as prominent as correct information. Tasks at level 5 often require respondents to perform multiple-step operations to integrate, interpret, or synthesize information from complex or lengthy continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple type texts. Complex inferences and application of background knowledge may be needed to perform the task successfully. Many tasks require identifying and understanding one or more specific, non-central idea(s) in the text in order to interpret or evaluate subtle evidence-claim or persuasive discourse relationships. Conditional information is frequently present in tasks at this level and must be taken into consideration by the respondent. Competing information is present and sometimes seemingly as prominent as correct information. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Young adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Level 4 & 5


sourceNote: Percentage of young adults scoring at least 326 on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at level 4 often require respondents to perform multiple-step operations to integrate, interpret, or synthesize information from complex or lengthy continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple type texts. Complex inferences and application of background knowledge may be needed to perform the task successfully. Many tasks require identifying and understanding one or more specific, non-central idea(s) in the text in order to interpret or evaluate subtle evidence-claim or persuasive discourse relationships. Conditional information is frequently present in tasks at this level and must be taken into consideration by the respondent. Competing information is present and sometimes seemingly as prominent as correct information. Tasks at level 5 often require respondents to perform multiple-step operations to integrate, interpret, or synthesize information from complex or lengthy continuous, non-continuous, mixed, or multiple type texts. Complex inferences and application of background knowledge may be needed to perform the task successfully. Many tasks require identifying and understanding one or more specific, non-central idea(s) in the text in order to interpret or evaluate subtle evidence-claim or persuasive discourse relationships. Conditional information is frequently present in tasks at this level and must be taken into consideration by the respondent. Competing information is present and sometimes seemingly as prominent as correct information. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Least developed countries: UN classification


name: Middle East & North Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income)


name: East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Young adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Level 5

Longdefinition: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring equal to or higher than 376 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. At this level, tasks may require the respondent to search for and integrate information across multiple, dense texts; construct syntheses of similar and contrasting ideas or points of view; or evaluate evidence based arguments. Application and evaluation of logical and conceptual models of ideas may be required to accomplish tasks. Evaluating reliability of evidentiary sources and selecting key information is frequently a requirement. Tasks often require respondents to be aware of subtle, rhetorical cues and to make high-level inferences or use specialized background knowledge. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring equal to or higher than 376 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. At this level, tasks may require the respondent to search for and integrate information across multiple, dense texts; construct syntheses of similar and contrasting ideas or points of view; or evaluate evidence based arguments. Application and evaluation of logical and conceptual models of ideas may be required to accomplish tasks. Evaluating reliability of evidentiary sources and selecting key information is frequently a requirement. Tasks often require respondents to be aware of subtle, rhetorical cues and to make high-level inferences or use specialized background knowledge. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Young adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Level 5


sourceNote: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring equal to or higher than 376 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. At this level, tasks may require the respondent to search for and integrate information across multiple, dense texts; construct syntheses of similar and contrasting ideas or points of view; or evaluate evidence based arguments. Application and evaluation of logical and conceptual models of ideas may be required to accomplish tasks. Evaluating reliability of evidentiary sources and selecting key information is frequently a requirement. Tasks often require respondents to be aware of subtle, rhetorical cues and to make high-level inferences or use specialized background knowledge. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Young adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Below Level 1

Longdefinition: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring below 176 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. The tasks at this level require the respondent to read brief texts on familiar topics to locate a single piece of specific information. There is seldom any competing information in the text and the requested information is identical in form to information in the question or directive. The respondent may be required to locate information in short continuous texts. However, in this case, the information can be located as if the text were non-continuous in format. Only basic vocabulary knowledge is required, and the reader is not required to understand the structure of sentences or paragraphs or make use of other text features. Tasks below Level 1 do not make use of any features specific to digital texts. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring below 176 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. The tasks at this level require the respondent to read brief texts on familiar topics to locate a single piece of specific information. There is seldom any competing information in the text and the requested information is identical in form to information in the question or directive. The respondent may be required to locate information in short continuous texts. However, in this case, the information can be located as if the text were non-continuous in format. Only basic vocabulary knowledge is required, and the reader is not required to understand the structure of sentences or paragraphs or make use of other text features. Tasks below Level 1 do not make use of any features specific to digital texts. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Young adults by literacy proficiency level (%). Below Level 1


sourceNote: Percentage of young (age 16-24) adults scoring below 176 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. The tasks at this level require the respondent to read brief texts on familiar topics to locate a single piece of specific information. There is seldom any competing information in the text and the requested information is identical in form to information in the question or directive. The respondent may be required to locate information in short continuous texts. However, in this case, the information can be located as if the text were non-continuous in format. Only basic vocabulary knowledge is required, and the reader is not required to understand the structure of sentences or paragraphs or make use of other text features. Tasks below Level 1 do not make use of any features specific to digital texts. The target population was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-24 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The percentage of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of literacy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in this category were not able to complete the background questionnaire due to language difficulties or learning and mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Fragile and conflict affected situations


name: Middle East & North Africa (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Mean Young Adult Literacy Proficiency. Female


name: PIAAC: Mean Young Adult Literacy Proficiency. Female


name: Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Mean Young Adult Literacy Proficiency. Male


name: PIAAC: Mean Young Adult Literacy Proficiency. Male


name: Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)


name: Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Mean Adult Numeracy Proficiency. Total

Longdefinition: Numeracy is defined as the ability to access, use, interpret and communicate mathematical information and ideas in order to engage in and manage the mathematical demands of a range of situations in adult life. To this end, numeracy involves managing a situation or solving a problem in a real context, by responding to mathematical content/information/ideas represented in multiple ways. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Numeracy is defined as the ability to access, use, interpret and communicate mathematical information and ideas in order to engage in and manage the mathematical demands of a range of situations in adult life. To this end, numeracy involves managing a situation or solving a problem in a real context, by responding to mathematical content/information/ideas represented in multiple ways. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Mean Adult Numeracy Proficiency. Total


sourceNote: Numeracy is defined as the ability to access, use, interpret and communicate mathematical information and ideas in order to engage in and manage the mathematical demands of a range of situations in adult life. To this end, numeracy involves managing a situation or solving a problem in a real context, by responding to mathematical content/information/ideas represented in multiple ways. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Least developed countries: UN classification


name: Middle East & North Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income)


name: East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Level 1

Longdefinition: Percentage of adults scoring 176 to less than 226 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to carry out basic mathematical processes in common, concrete contexts where the mathematical content is explicit with little text and minimal distractors. Tasks usually require one-step or simple processes involving counting, sorting, performing basic arithmetic operations, understanding simple percents such as 50%, and locating and identifying elements of simple or common graphical or spatial representations. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of adults scoring 176 to less than 226 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to carry out basic mathematical processes in common, concrete contexts where the mathematical content is explicit with little text and minimal distractors. Tasks usually require one-step or simple processes involving counting, sorting, performing basic arithmetic operations, understanding simple percents such as 50%, and locating and identifying elements of simple or common graphical or spatial representations. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Level 1


sourceNote: Percentage of adults scoring 176 to less than 226 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to carry out basic mathematical processes in common, concrete contexts where the mathematical content is explicit with little text and minimal distractors. Tasks usually require one-step or simple processes involving counting, sorting, performing basic arithmetic operations, understanding simple percents such as 50%, and locating and identifying elements of simple or common graphical or spatial representations. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Level 2

Longdefinition: Percentage of adults scoring 226 to less than 276 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to identify and act on mathematical information and ideas embedded in a range of common contexts where the mathematical content is fairly explicit or visual with relatively few distractors. Tasks tend to require the application of two or more steps or processes involving calculation with whole numbers and common decimals, percents and fractions; simple measurement and spatial representation; estimation; and interpretation of relatively simple data and statistics in texts, tables and graphs. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of adults scoring 226 to less than 276 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to identify and act on mathematical information and ideas embedded in a range of common contexts where the mathematical content is fairly explicit or visual with relatively few distractors. Tasks tend to require the application of two or more steps or processes involving calculation with whole numbers and common decimals, percents and fractions; simple measurement and spatial representation; estimation; and interpretation of relatively simple data and statistics in texts, tables and graphs. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Level 2


sourceNote: Percentage of adults scoring 226 to less than 276 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to identify and act on mathematical information and ideas embedded in a range of common contexts where the mathematical content is fairly explicit or visual with relatively few distractors. Tasks tend to require the application of two or more steps or processes involving calculation with whole numbers and common decimals, percents and fractions; simple measurement and spatial representation; estimation; and interpretation of relatively simple data and statistics in texts, tables and graphs. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Fragile and conflict affected situations


name: Middle East & North Africa (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Level 3

Longdefinition: Percentage of adults scoring 276 to less than 326 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to understand mathematical information that may be less explicit, embedded in contexts that are not always familiar and represented in more complex ways. Tasks require several steps and may involve the choice of problem-solving strategies and relevant processes. Tasks tend to require the application of number sense and spatial sense; recognizing and working with mathematical relationships, patterns, and proportions expressed in verbal or numerical form; and interpretation and basic analysis of data and statistics in texts, tables and graphs. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of adults scoring 276 to less than 326 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to understand mathematical information that may be less explicit, embedded in contexts that are not always familiar and represented in more complex ways. Tasks require several steps and may involve the choice of problem-solving strategies and relevant processes. Tasks tend to require the application of number sense and spatial sense; recognizing and working with mathematical relationships, patterns, and proportions expressed in verbal or numerical form; and interpretation and basic analysis of data and statistics in texts, tables and graphs. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Level 3


sourceNote: Percentage of adults scoring 276 to less than 326 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to understand mathematical information that may be less explicit, embedded in contexts that are not always familiar and represented in more complex ways. Tasks require several steps and may involve the choice of problem-solving strategies and relevant processes. Tasks tend to require the application of number sense and spatial sense; recognizing and working with mathematical relationships, patterns, and proportions expressed in verbal or numerical form; and interpretation and basic analysis of data and statistics in texts, tables and graphs. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Level 4

Longdefinition: Percentage of adults scoring 326 to less than 376 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to understand a broad range of mathematical information that may be complex, abstract or embedded in unfamiliar contexts. These tasks involve undertaking multiple steps and choosing relevant problem-solving strategies and processes. Tasks tend to require analysis and more complex reasoning about quantities and data; statistics and chance; spatial relationships; and change, proportions and formulas. Tasks at this level may also require understanding arguments or communicating well-reasoned explanations for answers or choices. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of adults scoring 326 to less than 376 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to understand a broad range of mathematical information that may be complex, abstract or embedded in unfamiliar contexts. These tasks involve undertaking multiple steps and choosing relevant problem-solving strategies and processes. Tasks tend to require analysis and more complex reasoning about quantities and data; statistics and chance; spatial relationships; and change, proportions and formulas. Tasks at this level may also require understanding arguments or communicating well-reasoned explanations for answers or choices. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Level 4


sourceNote: Percentage of adults scoring 326 to less than 376 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to understand a broad range of mathematical information that may be complex, abstract or embedded in unfamiliar contexts. These tasks involve undertaking multiple steps and choosing relevant problem-solving strategies and processes. Tasks tend to require analysis and more complex reasoning about quantities and data; statistics and chance; spatial relationships; and change, proportions and formulas. Tasks at this level may also require understanding arguments or communicating well-reasoned explanations for answers or choices. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)


name: Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Level 5

Longdefinition: Percentage of adults scoring equal to or higher than 376 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to understand complex representations and abstract and formal mathematical and statistical ideas, possibly embedded in complex texts. Respondents may have to integrate multiple types of mathematical information where considerable translation or interpretation is required; draw inferences; develop or work with mathematical arguments or models; and justify, evaluate and critically reflect upon solutions or choices. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of adults scoring equal to or higher than 376 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to understand complex representations and abstract and formal mathematical and statistical ideas, possibly embedded in complex texts. Respondents may have to integrate multiple types of mathematical information where considerable translation or interpretation is required; draw inferences; develop or work with mathematical arguments or models; and justify, evaluate and critically reflect upon solutions or choices. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Level 5


sourceNote: Percentage of adults scoring equal to or higher than 376 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to understand complex representations and abstract and formal mathematical and statistical ideas, possibly embedded in complex texts. Respondents may have to integrate multiple types of mathematical information where considerable translation or interpretation is required; draw inferences; develop or work with mathematical arguments or models; and justify, evaluate and critically reflect upon solutions or choices. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Least developed countries: UN classification


name: Middle East & North Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Below Level 1

Longdefinition: Percentage of adults scoring below 176 points on the 0 to 500 point scale on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondents to carry out simple processes such as counting, sorting, performing basic arithmetic operations with whole numbers or money, or recognizing common spatial representations in concrete, familiar contexts where the mathematical content is explicit with little or no text or distractors. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of adults scoring below 176 points on the 0 to 500 point scale on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondents to carry out simple processes such as counting, sorting, performing basic arithmetic operations with whole numbers or money, or recognizing common spatial representations in concrete, familiar contexts where the mathematical content is explicit with little or no text or distractors. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Below Level 1

name: East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)


sourceNote: Percentage of adults scoring below 176 points on the 0 to 500 point scale on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondents to carry out simple processes such as counting, sorting, performing basic arithmetic operations with whole numbers or money, or recognizing common spatial representations in concrete, familiar contexts where the mathematical content is explicit with little or no text or distractors. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income)


name: Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Mean Adult Numeracy Proficiency. Female


name: PIAAC: Mean Adult Numeracy Proficiency. Female


name: Fragile and conflict affected situations


name: Middle East & North Africa (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Female adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Level 1

Longdefinition: Percentage of female adults scoring 176 to less than 226 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to carry out basic mathematical processes in common, concrete contexts where the mathematical content is explicit with little text and minimal distractors. Tasks usually require one-step or simple processes involving counting, sorting, performing basic arithmetic operations, understanding simple percents such as 50%, and locating and identifying elements of simple or common graphical or spatial representations. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of female adults scoring 176 to less than 226 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to carry out basic mathematical processes in common, concrete contexts where the mathematical content is explicit with little text and minimal distractors. Tasks usually require one-step or simple processes involving counting, sorting, performing basic arithmetic operations, understanding simple percents such as 50%, and locating and identifying elements of simple or common graphical or spatial representations. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Female adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Level 1


sourceNote: Percentage of female adults scoring 176 to less than 226 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to carry out basic mathematical processes in common, concrete contexts where the mathematical content is explicit with little text and minimal distractors. Tasks usually require one-step or simple processes involving counting, sorting, performing basic arithmetic operations, understanding simple percents such as 50%, and locating and identifying elements of simple or common graphical or spatial representations. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries)


name: Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Female adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Level 2

Longdefinition: Percentage of female adults scoring 226 to less than 276 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to identify and act on mathematical information and ideas embedded in a range of common contexts where the mathematical content is fairly explicit or visual with relatively few distractors. Tasks tend to require the application of two or more steps or processes involving calculation with whole numbers and common decimals, percents and fractions; simple measurement and spatial representation; estimation; and interpretation of relatively simple data and statistics in texts, tables and graphs. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of female adults scoring 226 to less than 276 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to identify and act on mathematical information and ideas embedded in a range of common contexts where the mathematical content is fairly explicit or visual with relatively few distractors. Tasks tend to require the application of two or more steps or processes involving calculation with whole numbers and common decimals, percents and fractions; simple measurement and spatial representation; estimation; and interpretation of relatively simple data and statistics in texts, tables and graphs. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Female adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Level 2


sourceNote: Percentage of female adults scoring 226 to less than 276 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to identify and act on mathematical information and ideas embedded in a range of common contexts where the mathematical content is fairly explicit or visual with relatively few distractors. Tasks tend to require the application of two or more steps or processes involving calculation with whole numbers and common decimals, percents and fractions; simple measurement and spatial representation; estimation; and interpretation of relatively simple data and statistics in texts, tables and graphs. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


name: Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)


IndicatorName: PIAAC: Female adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Level 3

Longdefinition: Percentage of female adults scoring 276 to less than 326 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to understand mathematical information that may be less explicit, embedded in contexts that are not always familiar and represented in more complex ways. Tasks require several steps and may involve the choice of problem-solving strategies and relevant processes. Tasks tend to require the application of number sense and spatial sense; recognizing and working with mathematical relationships, patterns, and proportions expressed in verbal or numerical form; and interpretation and basic analysis of data and statistics in texts, tables and graphs. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/


Shortdefinition: Percentage of female adults scoring 276 to less than 326 points on the 0 to 500 point scale. Tasks at this level require the respondent to understand mathematical information that may be less explicit, embedded in contexts that are not always familiar and represented in more complex ways. Tasks require several steps and may involve the choice of problem-solving strategies and relevant processes. Tasks tend to require the application of number sense and spatial sense; recognizing and working with mathematical relationships, patterns, and proportions expressed in verbal or numerical form; and interpretation and basic analysis of data and statistics in texts, tables and graphs. The target population for the survey was the non-institutionalized population, aged 16-65 years, residing in the country at the time of data collection, irrespective of nationality, citizenship or language status. The proportion of adults scoring at different levels of proficiency adds up to 100% when the percentage of numeracy-related non-respondents are taken into account. Adults in the missing category were not able to provide enough background information to impute proficiency scores because of language difficulties, or learning or mental disabilities (literacy-related non-response). For more information, consult the OECD PIAAC website: http://www.oecd.org/site/piaac/

name: PIAAC: Female adults by numeracy proficiency level (%). Level 3